鸡球虫病的防治

1病原 鸡球虫病是由孢子虫纲、艾美耳科、艾美耳属的7种球虫寄生于鸡的肠道引起的一种寄生虫病。病鸡消瘦，鸡冠与黏膜苍白，内脏变化主要发生在肠管，病变部位和程度与球虫的种别有关。在各种鸡病中，球虫病的发生率最高，占1/6~1/5。鸡球虫病分布地区广泛，几乎所有养鸡的地方，都有鸡球虫病发生。鸡球虫多危害15~30日龄的雏鸡，发病率高达50%~70%，死亡率为20%~30%，严重者高达80%。     

集约化猪场仔猪球虫病的防治

猪球虫病是由猪等孢子球虫和某些科艾美耳属球虫，寄生于哺乳期及新近断奶的仔猪小肠上皮细胞所引起的以腹泻、下痢为主要症状的原虫病。近年来的寄生虫病普查证实．在我国特别是南方地区感染相当普遍，也证实了仔猪球虫病是造成仔猪腹泻的原因之一。     

中草药防治鸡球虫病

鸡球虫病是由艾美耳属的多种球虫寄生于鸡的肠上皮细胞内所引起的一种原虫病，在各种鸡病中，球虫病的发生率最高，其病死率可达40％～80％。长期以来，控制鸡球虫病的主要手段是使用抗生素类和化学合成药物，但耐药性的产生一直困扰着养殖户和兽医工作者，有些鸡群虽然使用抗球虫药，仍然面临球虫病发生的威胁。     

鸡球虫病的防治

鸡球虫病是由艾美耳属的球虫寄生于鸡肠道黏膜内引起出血性肠炎、血便，雏鸡具有高度发病率和死亡率为特征。寄生于肠道内的球虫有多种，但以致病力最强的柔嫩艾美耳球虫引起的盲肠球虫病和毒害艾美耳球虫引起的小肠球虫病，对养鸡业危害最严重。     

鸡球虫病的防治

鸡球虫病是由艾美尔属球虫寄生于鸡肠上皮细胞引起的疾病。该病以出血性肠炎、血痢、雏鸡高发病率和死亡率为特征。寄生于鸡的球虫很多，致病力最强的为柔嫩艾美尔球虫以及毒害艾美尔球虫，前者引起急性盲肠球虫病，多见于幼鸡；后者引起急性小肠球虫病，多见于成年鸡，两者均可造成鸡群大批发病死亡。     

幼鹅急性球虫病的诊治

鹅球虫病主要由艾美耳属和泰泽属球虫寄生于鹅的肠道以及肾脏引起的一种原虫性疾病。近年随着养鹅的增加，鹅球虫病流行加重，有的地区感染率高达90％-100％，死亡率达10％-80％。本病以湿热多雨的夏季多发，其中以3-8周龄鹅最易感，10目龄以内雏鹅少发，成年鹅感染则不表现症状。除阴雨潮湿季节外，     

鸡球虫病及其综合性防治

鸡球虫病是严重危害养鸡业的一种常见寄生虫病，世界范围内，鸡球虫每年至少造成数十亿美元的损失．鸡球虫病是由艾美耳属的多种球虫寄生于鸡的肠道引起的高度传染性的疾病，其分布广泛，以15—40日龄最易感染且患病严重，死亡率极高，正确认识球虫病的特点．与其它疾病的关系可能诱发球虫病的管理及营养因素对防制球虫病的发生．减轻球虫病的危害有着重要意义。     

蛋鸡盲肠球虫病的诊治

蛋鸡盲肠球虫病是由艾美耳科艾美耳属的柔嫩艾美耳球虫寄生于盲肠所引起。球虫病在蛋鸡群中经常发生，主要侵害60日龄以内的雏鸡，发病率为30％～90％，死亡率可达30％～50％，耐过的蛋鸡生长发育受阻，增重缓慢，对养鸡业危害极大。     

鸡球虫病的防治

<正>1病原鸡球虫病是由孢子虫纲、艾美耳科、艾美耳属的7种球虫寄生于鸡的肠道引起的一种寄生虫病。病鸡消瘦,鸡冠与黏膜苍白,内脏变化主要发生在肠管,病变部位和程度与球虫的种别有关。在各种鸡病中,球虫病的发生率最高,占1/6~1/5。鸡球虫病分布地区广泛,几乎所有养鸡的地方,都有鸡球虫病发生。鸡球虫多危害15~30日龄的雏鸡,发病率高达50%~70%,死亡率为20%~30%,严重者高达80%。     

一例牛球虫病中西医结合治疗的报告

牛球虫病是由艾美耳属球虫引起的消化道原虫病。本病主要侵害犊牛，使其发生出血性肠炎，临床以持续腹泻为主要特征，常呈季节性散发性流行，给养牛业造成较大危害。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.