池塘主养黄颡鱼技术试验

试验池塘面积8004 m2,每667m2(亩)投放鱼种黄颡鱼8500尾(20g/尾),花鲢50尾(50～100g/尾),白鲢150尾(50～100g/尾).经过饲喂管理、水质调节、病害防治等管理养殖措施,试验总产值277812元,扣除总投入213816元,总收益为63996元,平均每667m2水面获利5333元.结果表明黄颡鱼养殖效益可观,是值得推广的特种养殖品种之一.     

黄颡鱼池塘高效健康养殖技术

黄颡鱼是一种适温性很强的鱼类品种,但因为其本身是无鳞的,容易受到水体的影响,因此需要对其水质、肥料、饲料等进行科学配置,认真做好池塘消毒、肥料投施、鱼种放养、饲料投喂、病害防治等工作,唯有如此才能提高黄颡鱼池塘高效健康养殖效率。     

膨化饲料网箱养殖黄颡鱼试验

黄颡鱼又名黄刺骨、黄菇鱼等，为鲶形目，鲶科，黄颡鱼属。该鱼为底栖杂食性鱼类，体型小，无细刺，肉质细嫩，肉味鲜美，营养丰富，该鱼在市场上深受广大消费者喜爱，且价格高，当前野生鱼日趋稀少，有较广阔的养殖前景。2007年我们用专业厂家生产的黄颡鱼专用膨化饲料进行9个月网箱的养殖试验，取得了较好的经济效益，     

瓦氏黄颡鱼成鱼无公害池塘养殖技术

瓦氏黄颡鱼（PEL TEEBAGRUS VACHELLIRI CHARDSON），又称江黄颡鱼，是黄颡鱼属中个体最大、生长速度最快的一种,二日龄瓦氏黄颡鱼体重可达300-600g，最大个体达1850g。瓦氏黄颡鱼肉质细嫩、味道鲜美、鱼汤呈乳白色，浓而不腥，鲜中带甜，无鱼腥味和肌间刺，深受广大消费者青睐。我站经过6年在不同面积的池塘成鱼养殖，总结出一套成鱼无公害池塘养殖技术。     

黄颡鱼池塘养殖技术

黄颡鱼又称嘎牙子、黄嘎、黄姑子、黄腊丁、盎丝、昂刺鱼、昂弓等,是我国江河湖泊中重要的经济鱼类。黄颡鱼肉质细嫩,味道鲜美,鱼刺少,具有很高的营养价值。近年来,黄颡鱼人工养殖在黑龙江省发展很快,并取得了显著的经济效益,成为养殖高效鱼类品种。黄颡鱼在黑龙江省的池塘养殖周期一般为2年,第1年进行鱼苗培育,第2年进行鱼种培育,第2年进行成鱼养殖。湖泊、水库少量放养黄颡鱼,一般经过2年即可养至商品鱼。     

池塘黄颡鱼大规格鱼种培育技术

培育池靠近水源,安静,水质符合国家渔业养殖用水要求,池面积(5×667m2~10×667m2),水深1.5~2.0m,池底平坦,土质为壤土。有独立的进、排水系统,配备增氧、投饵、抽水等设备。池塘保留淤泥,于放苗前用生石灰或漂白粉清塘。放苗前向池内注水,施经发酵并消毒的畜禽粪肥,2~3d后再投施EM菌、单细胞藻类激活素等。选优质夏花苗种。放养密度依据计划养成鱼种的规格确定。苗种放养前用聚维酮碘溶液或食盐溶液浸浴。加强水质、投喂等技术管理及病害防治,经4个月左右黄颡鱼种体长达8~10cm,可转入成鱼养殖。     

浅议黄颡鱼池塘精养关键技术

黄颡鱼[Pelteobagrus fulvidraeo（Richardson）]又名黄姑鱼、黄腊丁、嘎鱼等,属鲇形目（Siluri—formes）、鳞科（Bagridae）、黄颡鱼属（Peheobagrus）,在我国各大水系均有分布,特别是在长江中下游地区（李明锋等,2010）。黄颡鱼营养丰富,肉质细嫩,无肌问刺,且具有滋补、药理作用（祁保霞,2009）,成为具有较高经济价值的淡水养殖鱼类之一,在广东、广西、江苏、浙江、湖北等地区均有较大规模的养殖。黄颡鱼养殖方式主要有池塘养殖与网箱养殖两种,池塘养殖又分为池塘精养与池塘混养。黄颡鱼品种较多,有黄颡鱼、江黄颡鱼（瓦氏黄颡鱼）、岔尾黄颡鱼、光泽黄颡鱼等,人工养殖的品种主要是黄颡鱼和江黄颡鱼。本文以珠三角地区黄颡鱼养殖为例,简要介绍黄颡鱼池塘精养的几点关键技术。     

黄颡鱼的池塘养殖

黄颡鱼又称嘎牙子、黄嘎、黄姑子、黄腊丁、盎丝、昂刺鱼、昂弓等,是我国江河湖泊中重要的经济鱼类。黄颡鱼肉质细嫩,味道鲜美,鱼刺少,具有很高的营养价值。     

黄颡鱼池塘养殖技术

黄颡鱼又称嘎牙子、黄嘎、黄姑子、黄腊丁、盎丝、昂刺鱼、昂弓等,是我国江河湖泊中重要的经济鱼类。黄颡鱼肉质细嫩,味道鲜美,鱼刺少,具有很高的营养价值。近年来,黄颡鱼人工养殖在黑龙江省发展很快,并取得了显著的经济效益,成为养殖高效鱼类品种。黄颡鱼在黑龙江省的池塘养殖周期一般为2年,第1年进行鱼苗培育,第2年进行鱼种培     

养殖密度对黄颡鱼生长、饲料利用和能量收支的影响

试验探讨了在3种养殖密度下(14、28和42尾/箱,换算成生物量为1.85、3.71和5.56kg/m3)黄颡鱼的生长、饲料利用和能量收支。结果显示,摄食率、蛋白质摄食率不受养殖密度的显著影响,饲料转化效率和蛋白质储积率随着养殖密度的增加显著下降,导致湿重、干重、蛋白质、脂肪和能量特定生长率和终末湿重显著下降。随着养殖密度的增加,生长能占食物能和同化能的比例显著下降,代谢能占食物能和同化能的比例显著上升,粪能和排泄能占食物能的比例无显著差异。     

不同脂肪酸比例对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长影响的研究

在粗蛋白42%和粗脂肪8%的半精制饲料中,添加不同剂量的鱼油、玉米油、花生油和芝麻油组成5种日粮,使20C:5n-3(EPA)+22C:6n-3(DHA)的含量[占总脂肪百分含量(%])和n-3/n-6比例分别为14.942、0.728;15.551、0.851;19.365、1.238;19.9761、.345和20.457、1.406。饲喂黄颡鱼(Pel-teobagrus fulvidraco,Richardson)幼鱼50 d,以增重率、蛋白质效率和饲料系数为指标,研究了不同脂肪酸含量及比例对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长的影响。结果表明,当饲料中EPA+DHA的含量和n-3/n-6比例分别为19.365和1.238时,鱼的增重率和蛋白质效率较高,饲料系数较低,饲料亚油酸/亚麻酸比值为7~8时,黄颡鱼生长最快,饲料利用率最高,即在8%的脂肪中,添加51.3%的花生油3、2.5%的玉米油和16.2%的芝麻油或43.8%的鱼油、31.3%的花生油、8.8%的玉米油和16.1%的芝麻油(指占总脂肪的百分数)。综合考虑饲料成本,则以前一种配方为佳。     

饲料天然着色剂对黄颡鱼生产性能和生理机能的影响

研究旨在探讨饲料中添加天然着色剂对黄颡鱼生产性能和生理机能的影响。挑选健康活泼、体重均匀[(10.4±0.1)g]的黄颡鱼随机分成5个组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲料中添加天然着色剂(金碧黄)0.1%0、.2%、0.4%、0.8%,饲养周期60 d。结果表明,随着着色剂添加量的增加,黄颡鱼成活率逐渐提高,饵料系数逐渐下降,0.8%着色剂的添加能显著提高黄颡鱼的成活率,显著降低饵料系数(P0.05);各试验组增重率较对照组均有所提高,但差异不显著(P0.05);着色剂的添加,对黄颡鱼肝胰脏ALT活性,血清SOD、溶菌酶活性无显著影响(P0.05)。     

鄱阳湖黄颡鱼耗氧率与窒息点的研究

水温27.0℃时,鄱阳湖颡鱼的耗氧率,164.75 mg/(kg·h),耗氧率随水温的降低、试验鱼个体的增大而下降.水温24.0℃时,鄱阳湖黄颡鱼的临界窒息点为O.31 mg/L.     

饥饿胁迫对瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachelli)幼鱼肌肉营养成分及血液指标的影响

探讨饥饿胁迫对瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachelli)幼鱼的血液组织、肌肉营养成分的影响。通过对瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼进行饥饿胁迫试验50 d,测定其血液学指标、肝脏贮能物质的含量、肌肉营养指标。结果表明,饥饿胁迫50 d时,血液中红细胞数、血红蛋白含量、血糖浓度、血清中溶菌酶活性分别下降了20.74%、3.55%、8.89%、9.68%(P<0.05);白细胞数量增加了9.09%(P<0.05)。肝脏中糖原和蛋白质含量都显著下降(P<0.05)。肌肉中粗灰分、总水分含量显著性增加了34.11%4、.85%(P<0.05),粗脂肪含量呈先急剧下降,后相对缓慢下降的趋势,粗蛋白含量先缓慢下降(P>0.05),而后呈急剧降低(P<0.05)。研究表明,饥饿胁迫时,血糖浓度显著下降,红细胞和血红蛋白含量降低,血液的运输O2和排出CO2功能降低,免疫抗病机能下降,白细胞数量增加。为了维持生理需要,瓦氏黄颡鱼幼鱼机体先动用肌肉中积累的脂肪后动用蛋白质作为能量来源。     

Clinical manifestations of cataracts in small breed dogs

Objective  To determine the incidence, etiology, and concurrent ophthalmic findings in small breed dogs that presented with cataracts.
Animal studied  Five hundred and sixty-one small breed dogs (942 eyes) were presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University between July 2002 and December 2007 with cataract.
Procedure  The medical records of small breed dogs with cataract were reviewed. The reason for presentation, cataract duration, bilaterality, breed, gender, age, vision, etiology, stage of cataract development, concurrent ophthalmic findings, IOP, ocular ultrasonography findings, and scotopic electroretinography (ERG) findings were investigated.
Results  The most frequently presented breeds were the Miniature/Toy Poodle ( n  = 112, 20.0%), Yorkshire Terrier ( n  = 110, 19.6%), and Shih Tzu ( n  = 95, 16.9%). The Miniature/Toy Poodle showed a significantly higher odds ratio for cataract formation (2.6). The proportion of female cataract patients was significantly higher than that of male cataract patients in the overall population ( P  < 0.05). The Miniature/Toy Poodles had significantly higher numbers of females affected with cataract ( P  < 0.01). The mean age for cataract formation was 8.3 ± 3.9 years. The mean age at onset in the Miniature/Toy Poodle and Yorkshire Terrier was significantly higher, whereas that in the Miniature Schnauzer group was significantly lower ( P  < 0.0001). Clinical signs related to lens induced uveitis had a tendency to increase with cataract progression ( P  < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the b-wave amplitude for mixed rod cone response by stage ( P  = 0.137).
Conclusions  Small breed dogs with cataracts had characteristics with regard to age of onset and gender distribution, depending on the breed.     

Genomic prediction in a numerically small breed population using prioritized genetic markers from whole-genome sequence data

The objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy of genomic prediction of body weight and eating quality traits in a numerically small sheep population (Dorper sheep). Prediction was based on a large multi-breed/admixed reference population and using (a) 50k or 500k single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes, (b) imputed whole-genome sequencing data (~31 million), (c) selected SNPs from whole genome sequence data and (d) 50k SNP genotypes plus selected SNPs from whole-genome sequence data. Furthermore, the impact of using a breed-adjusted genomic relationship matrix on accuracy of genomic breeding value was assessed. The selection of genetic variants was based on an association study performed on imputed whole-genome sequence data in an independent population, which was chosen either randomly from the base population or according to higher genetic proximity to the target population. Genomic prediction was based on genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP), and the accuracy of genomic prediction was assessed according to the correlation between genomic breeding value and corrected phenotypes divided by the square root of trait heritability. The accuracy of genomic prediction was between 0.20 and 0.30 across different traits based on common 50k SNP genotypes, which improved on average by 0.06 (absolute value) on average based on using prioritized genetic markers from whole-genome sequence data. Using prioritized genetic markers from a genetically more related GWAS population resulted in slightly higher prediction accuracy (0.02 absolute value) compared to genetic markers derived from a random GWAS population. Using high-density SNP genotypes or imputed whole-genome sequence data in GBLUP showed almost no improvement in genomic prediction accuracy however, accounting for different marker allele frequencies in reference population according to a breed-adjusted GRM resulted to on average 0.024 (absolute value) increase in accuracy of genomic prediction.     

Comparison of tibial plateau angles in small and large breed dogs

Cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) disease can affect dogs of all sizes. The literature describing tibial plateau angle (TPA) in small breed dogs is limited. A retrospective study was conducted in unselected dogs presented for stifle or tibial examination to compare TPA in small breed dogs (n = 146 dogs, 185 stifles) versus large breed dogs (n = 200 dogs, 265 stifles). Small breed dogs had a mean TPA 3.1° ± 0.6° higher than large breed dogs. There were higher TPAs in spayed females and castrated males for all dogs compared with intact males (3.6° ± 1.0° and 2.7° ± 1.0°, respectively). Dogs with unilateral and bilateral CCL disease had higher TPAs compared to dogs with intact CCLs (2.0° ± 0.7° and 2.5° ± 0.8°, respectively). Tibial morphology differs between large and small breed dogs; however, the significance of the impact of TPA on CCL disease in small breed dogs is unknown.     

Transcranial Doppler sonographic findings in granulomatous meningoencephalitis in small breed dogs

Granulomatous meningoencephalitis (GME) is an acute, progressive, and often fatal inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, affecting mainly small and toy dog breeds. A definitive diagnosis of GME can only be achieved through histopathologic examination of samples collected after death. This retrospective study describes transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TDS) findings in dogs with confirmed clinical histopathology of GME. Eleven dogs were selected for this study. Sonographic findings in B-mode demonstrated diffuse decreased brain parenchyma echogenicity in 9 dogs, ventriculomegaly in 8 dogs, brain atrophy in 4 dogs, and hyperechoic focal lesions in 6 dogs. Color Doppler imaging revealed more obvious vessels of the arterial circle in 10 dogs. Spectral Doppler examination was performed in 10 dogs to detect the 6 major cerebral arteries of interest. The examination showed normal and high resistive index (RI) values in the outlined arteries. The TDS findings were consistent with pathology found on postmortem examination.