简论草原行政执法存在的问题及对策

为坚决制止非法开垦草原违法行为,加强草原保护和生态安全,促进经济社会和生态环境协调可持续发展,依法管草、依法治草势在必行。为此,本文介绍了草原行政执法存在的主要问题:草原地类界定的依据模糊,盐碱地权属不清,历史遗留问题较多,已垦草原收费问题亟待解决,开展草原行政执法调查取证越来越难;提出了解决草原行政执法问题的对策:成立草原集中整治领导小组,制定草原集中整治工作方案,开展草原资源调查和草原确权发证工作,停止收费行为、恢复草原植被。     

我国草原生态保护现状、存在问题及建议

本文梳理了近年来针对我国草原生态保护的主要工程项目,并在此基础上,对草原生态保护现状及存在问题进行了分析。结果显示,近年来我国草原生态保护取得了一定成效,草原综合植被盖度总体呈上升趋势,天然草地草产量有所增加,草原违法案件数量略有下降,但仍存在部分区域草原生态环境较为脆弱、农牧民草原生态保护意识仍比较淡薄、草原鼠虫害仍比较严重等问题。最后提出了保护我国草原生态的对策和建议:整合现有工程项目,推进草原生态治理,加强草原生态保护宣传力度,重视草原工程项目监管,加大草原监管查处等。     

浅论天然草地管理的利益取向

草原的价值具有多元化特征,这种多元化特征决定了对草原价值的开发利用也必须具有全方位的理念.目前我国草原退化严重,草原生态环境也同时出现了持续恶化的基本态势,而草原资源的不合理开发利用正是导致这一局面发生最直接的原因之一.当今世界的发展应该是人与自然相和谐的可持续发展,而草原价值的多元化利用则是维护草原可持续利用的根本途...     

草原的生态系统服务:IV.降低服务功能的主要因素和关爱草原的重要意义

草原/草地生态系统服务的价值大小取决于草地的自然资本大小和生态系统功能。影响草原生态系统服务功能的最主要因素是,1.改变草地生态系统的用途,2.草地破碎化,3.火,4.草原退化;对它们影响草原生态系统服务功能的原因和机制进行了论述。草原分布广泛,约占地球陆地面积的40%,有40个国家的草地面积占国土面积的50%以上。世界上有17%,即9.38亿人生活在各类草地上并以草地为生,尽管已经证实草原对全世界和全国人民极其重要,但草原提供的生态系统服务———生态服务和产品服务仍没有得到应有的认识和足够的重视。由于生态系统服务的影响深远,健康的草原及其生态系统服务惠及全国和全世界人民;相反,破坏、损失草原自然资本殃及全国和全世界人民。因此,关爱草原,使草原走可持续发展的道路,是全人类共同的责任和义务。     

关于乐都县草原管理问题的探讨

本文针对乐都县人均占有草原面积小,草原承包难度大,草原超载放牧、鼠害和毒草问题突出的现状,提出了成立草原管理委员会、落实乡镇草原使用范围、建立放牧申报制度、规定放牧家畜数量等草原管理对策     

加强草原档案建设 为草资源开发服务

草原承包是草原管理工作中的重中之重，而草原档案在草原承包工作中又起到了极其重要的作用，因此，加强草原档案建设已成为草原承包后期的中心工作。如何把这项工作搞得更好，笔者在具体工作中总结出以下几方面的经验。１正确认识草原档案工作草原档案也同其它各类档案一...     

“草原工作会议”取得了哪些成果？

农业部在内蒙古赤峰市专门召开的全国草原工作会议,从9月5日开幕,到9月7日结束,历时三天.齐景发副部长在会上作了报告,强调了做好草原工作的重要性,提出了今后草原工作总体思路和要求;农业部畜牧兽医局局长贾幼陵也发表了题为"统一认识,扎实工作,把草原工作推向新的发展阶段”的总结讲话.那么,这次会议究竟取得了哪些效果呢?     

加强草档案建设为草原生态建设服务

本文从草原生态建设的角度出发，综合自己多年来所管理的草原技术档案内容，通过许多有效的数据，论述了草原档案在生态建设中的作用，同时也阐述了搞好草原技术档案的方法，更加明确地指出了加强草原档案建设的必要性。     

全国首次草原全面监测完成

本刊讯:近日,农业部草原监理中心公布了对全国草原的首次全面监测情况,监测结果显示:草原生产力与上年基本持平,保护建设工程区植被呈现良性恢复势头,但草原灾害仍较严重,草原生态“局部改善、总体恶化”的趋势仍未得到根本好转。据该中心公布的资料显示,天然草原鲜草总产量937     

我国草原法律体系的完善

草原在我国生态安全和农牧业发展中具有举足轻重的作用,加强草原立法,完善草原法律体系,保护建设和合理利用草原是我国草原工作的重中之重。本文主要分析我国草原法律体系的内容和存在的主要问题,提出了完善措施,以期为后续草原法律体系的完善提供依据。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。