山东省农村中学学生课余体育锻练的调查与分析

本文通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、数据统计法对山东省农村中学学生课余锻炼进行调查与分析,研究表明:山东省农村中学的学生锻炼意识不足;课余体育锻炼方面的知识较为缺乏;课余体育锻炼在农村总体得不到重视;学生的课余时间相对不足等。通过研究旨在了解情况,为学校等相关部门提供一定的数据,对于制定学校体育发展方面提供依据。     

合肥市市辖区初级中学武术运动开展现状调查分析研究

本文运用文献资料法、考察与访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等方法 ,对合肥市市辖区初级中学的武术开展状况进行了调查和研究。通过对调查的材料进行分析和思考,发现大部分学校的武术教学师资力量比较薄弱,教学器械短缺以及武术比赛活动缺失等问题;学校领导对武术开展重视程度不够;课外体育活动武术内容缺失,武术教师队伍总体呈现比例偏小、专业分布不合理;开设武术课的学校武术教学形式大抵单一,枯燥,教学方法不太灵活,并针对以上情况提出相应建议。     

浅析甘肃省河西地区中学体育教学课程改革

本文从区域特色、学科特点及教学论角度,对河西地区中学体育课程中的一些重点问题及重要理论作出阐述,如当前河西地区中学体育课程的教学观念、教学思想、教学内容和课堂教学应注意的问题等,并对河西地区的中学体育课堂提出一些建议与设想。     

学生对体育知识的需求调查——以实习学校为例

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法等方法对七里初级中学学生体育知识的需求及相关因素进行调查与分析,得出结论:七里初级中学学生对体育知识的需求呈现多样化,娱乐性的现状,学生对体育的认知存在偏差,中学生体育知识的获得途径比较有限等结论,并提出相应对策。     

河北省农村群众体育现状与发展策略研究

为了解河北省农村体育现状,增加农村体育人口。本研究主要采用文献法,调查法,数理统计法等,从农村群众体育现状调查出发,以对河北省农村居民参与体育活动的内容、形式、目的、需求度、参与度;组织状况;场地器材情况的现状调查为依据,发现农村体育发展中存在的问题,研究相关对策,旨在为促进农村群众体育发展提供理论参考。     

影响老年人进行体育健身活动因素的分析

本文以洛阳市老年人为调查对象,运用文献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法等研究方法,找出影响老年人参加体育健身活动的主观因素和客观因素,并对其进行分析,为老年人科学健身提出合理建议。     

陕南农村普通中学体育实践课实行选课制的可行性研究

通过对汉中、安康、商洛部分农村中学的调查研究,从体育课现状入手,分析了其弊端,提出实行分班合组选项上课,结果表明是受同学欢迎的。它既能激发学生体育兴趣、增进友谊又提高运动技术水平,促进学生个性发展的同时充分发挥体育教师的特长。在这两地农村中学体育实践课教学中实行选课制是可行的。     

新型城镇化背景下永州市农村体育场地设施建设的研究

本文采用了文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法对从永州市地区农村体育活动开展和场地设施建设状况进行调查研究,综合整理分析新型城镇背景下农村体育场地设施建设中影响主要存在的问题与现状,归纳了农村场地设施建设中存在经济基础薄弱、政策法规管理机制不健全、农民体育意识缺乏等诸多因素。依托新型城镇化背景下农村体育场地设施具有较大的优势,主要体现在政府公共财政的投入、健全的政策法规管理机制的完善、提高农民健身意识等方面的对策与建议,为农村建设体育场地设施发展作出一些建设性的参考。     

三明市尤溪县梅仙镇丁地村农民体育健身现状的调查

本文采用文献资料、问卷调查、数理统计等方法对三明市尤溪县梅仙镇丁地村农民体育健身现状进行调查研究。结果显示:三明市尤溪县梅仙镇丁地村的农民体育健身状况较差;影响农民体育健身计划实施的主要因素体现在村容、村貌建设、观念意识、经济文化、生活水平等方面;研究认为:应加强对农村体育设施的投入,提高人农民的健身意识,健全人们的健康观念;从实际出发根据我省目前的实行的全民健身计划,通过政府以及全民的共同努力,加强农村的各项健身场地设施的投入与支持,才能尽快改变该地区农民体育健身工程实施的现状。     

体育教学现状调查分析——以南昌大学附属中学为例

运用文献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法对南昌大学附属中学进行调查。研究发现:南昌大学附属中学的体育教学存在体育教师的教学水平,体育场地器材,学校体育学习氛围等方面的问题。通过对数据进行分析,归纳出影响体育教学质量的主要因素,并针对教学现状提出了一些和建议和对策,旨在为该校完善体育教学发展现状提供一些理论参考。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.