大学英语教学中构建英语运用能力的教学模式——北京农学院中英项目英语教学改革的思考和实践

夯实学生英语语言基础，激活学生英语语言能力，培养和提高学生英语运用能力，这是大学英语教学的核心。文中在研习西方语言学者关于语言知识和能力，语言运用能力研究成果的基础上，将建构主义学习理论和任务型教学理论应用于北京农学院中英合作项目大学英语教学，转变教学观念，调整教学目标，充实教学内容，细化教学管理，建立培养学生英语运用能力的大学英语教学模式，为学生的国际交流学习奠定语言基础。     

英语专业基础写作课堂团队合作教学实践

独立学院学生的特点是学习基础薄弱、学习动机不足。笔者根据学生的这一特点,在英语基础写作教学中实践课堂团队合作教学,实践证明团队合作教学有利于教师了解学生学习情况,有利于发挥学生的主体能动性,改善课堂效果,切实提高学生的英语写作能力。     

初中英语句子教学简析

英语是一门语言,作为一种交际工具,句子是其使用单位。英语句子是英语对话和文章的基础。学好英语句子直接影响学生的英语口语和英语写作能力。本人在几年英语教学中,对英语句子教学,尝试从以下两方面进行教学。     

研究型教学在基础英语教学中的运用

为了实现新时期高等学校英语专业培养复合型英语人才的目标,基础英语课程教学各个环节必须从传统型教学向研究型教学转变。研究型教学模式在基础英语课程教学中的应用能够培养学生的批判思维和解决问题的能力,促使师生在教与学的观念上发生改变,从而提高学生的学习效率和学习质量,有助于实现复合型英语人才的培养目标     

培养学生英语阅读能力的措施

英语学习中最根本的任务就是能够阅读英语原著,读懂英文资料,教师在教学的过程中应注重从学生的实际情况出发,因地制宜地采取恰当的教学策略,完善教学的过程,提高学生的英语阅读能力,促进中学生阅读能力的提高。     

浅谈中职学校英语词汇学习

英语词汇是英语语言的基础,词汇学习是英语语言教学的重要部分,是英语语言的教学的基础,由于英汉两种语言分属截然不同的两种文化,词汇对应性较低,因此对学生来说,掌握不好英语词汇,就很难真正理解和正确运用英语语言,所以教学中使用正确的词汇教学方法使学生牢固地掌握所学的单词,让他们在英语学习中对这些词汇运用自如就显得极其重要。本文将从如何使用正确的教学方法和使用正确的英语词汇学习策略两方面进行讨论。     

高职畜牧兽医专业基础英语与行业英语教学衔接初探

高职英语教学要注重培养学生实际应用语言的技能,特别是用英语处理与未来职业相关的业务能力,基础英语与行业英语衔接教学成为高职英语教改的必然趋势。笔者以畜牧兽医专业学生为实验对象,探讨如何使基础英语与行业英语教学合理衔接,在课程设置、学时安排、师资、教学内容、教学方法及教学评价等方面进行了初步探索,得到了一些有益的启示,以使英语教学更好地服务于畜牧兽医专业教学。     

研究生英语基础与EAP能力培养之关系探讨——以江苏大学为例

为适应教育国际化挑战,在非英语专业研究生(包括硕士和博士)层次开展学术英语(EAP)教学,可以有效培养研究生英文学术交际能力和多元文化适应能力,以满足学生职业发展的需求。本文依据研究生英语课程调查问卷的调查数据,分析研究生英语基础与EAP能力培养之间的关系,笔者认为研究生英语基础是进行英语分级教学的参考之一,但英语基础不应限制研究生的EAP能力培养。     

英语阅读理解方法和技巧

英语阅读理解的教学是培养个人良好阅读能力的基础,学生具备一定的英语阅读能力,就等于掌握了英语自学的方法,也是提高自身素质的一种有效途径。     

以职场能力培养为导向的职业英语教学改革的实践与思考

作为公共基础课程"职场英语",关系到学生英语技能的真正提高和职业综合能力的有效培养,直接或间接影响着学生就业和发展的潜力。本文从教学实践出发,整理了课程的设置的基本思路以及整合课程基本内容。重点阐述了在实践教学中学生学习策略和教师的教学策略,通过教学反思来来完善教学,促进教师与学生共同成长。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。