ELISA法检测犬腹泻粪样中的犬冠状病毒

用ＦＥ细胞增殖犬冠状病毒（ＣＣＶ）参考株，分别免疫家兔和ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠制备ＣＣＶ多抗和单抗，建立了夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ及Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ诊断方法。在检测的８４例犬腹泻粪样中，多抗、单抗夹心法显示ＣＣＶ阳性１６例，Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ阳性１３例，后１３例包括在前１６例中。从８４例腹泻犬粪样中随机取３８例作ＣＣＶ、犬细小病毒（ＣＰＶ）双项检测，ＣＣＶ阳性１６例，ＣＰＶ阳性６例，ＣＣＶ、ＣＰＶ混合感染４例。结果显示，在南京地区流行的犬腹泻中，ＣＣＶ感染比例有超过ＣＰＶ的趋势。     

转染βG基因HHCC细胞的裸鼠转移模型的复制

将人肝癌细胞株（ＨＨＣＣ）细胞和转染β－葡萄糖苷酸酶（βＧ）基因的ＨＨＣＣ细胞体外培养，观察细胞形态结构，用流式细胞仪测定细胞周期，要用裸鼠脾种植法研究转βＧ基因ＨＨＣＣ细胞的转移特性，接种后６０ｄ收集转移灶，常规制片，ＨＥ染色镜检。结果，转染βＧ基因ＨＨＣＣ细胞内多见颗粒性物质，微绒毛及突起增多，溶酶体增多，内质网及核糖体丰富，糖元颗粒堆积，某些细胞出现变性、坏死。转染βＧ基因ＨＨＣＣ和ＨＨＣＣ     

奶牛宫颈粘液CMPx,CMEC与发情及排卵的关系

选取３０头健康黑白花奶牛，在发情期不同时间测定宫颈粘液过氧化物酶（ＣＭＰｘ）的活性及电导率（ＣＭＥＣ），以探讨ＣＭＰｘ、ＣＭＥＣ与发情及排卵的关系。结果表明，ＣＭＰｘ在卵泡成熟期明显下降，与卵泡初期及排卵初期的酶活性差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）；而ＣＭＥＣ在卵泡初期、卵泡成熟期及排卵初期变化不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。本研究提示，ＣＭＰｘ在奶牛发情期有特定的变化规律，可以作为预告排卵的指标     

鸵鸟红细胞免疫功能研究

应用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环（Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）和免疫复合物花环（ＩＣＲ）试验，证实鸵鸟红细胞表面存在补体Ｃ３ｂ受体（Ｃ３ｂｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ，Ｃ３ｂＲ），表明红细胞免疫系统（Ｒｃｄｃｅｌｉｍｍｕｎｅｓｙｓｔｅｍ，ＲＣＩＳ）的概念亦适用于这种动物；鸵鸟红细胞不但有传统医学观念上的功能，而且还可借助ＣＲ１（ＣｏｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｒｅｃｃｐｔｏｒｔｙｐｅＩ）进行免疫粘附，并以此为基础，表现出各种重要的免疫功能。     

青海绵羊血清铁传递蛋白的电泳研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对青海省５个品种共１０５０只绵羊的血清铁传递蛋白进行了电泳研究。结果发现青海绵羊的血清运铁蛋白共有１１个电泳变异体（Ｉ，Ａ，Ｇ，Ｂ，Ｌ，Ｃ，Ｄ，Ｍ，Ｅ，Ｑ，），构成３７种电泳表型（ＩＡ，ＡＥ，ＡＡ，ＡＧ，ＡＢ，ＡＬ，ＡＣ，ＡＤ，ＡＭ，ＡＥ，ＡＢ，ＧＧ，ＧＢ，ＧＬ，ＧＣ，ＧＤ，ＧＭ，ＧＱ，ＢＢ，ＢＣ，ＣＤ，ＣＭ，ＬＣ，ＬＤ，ＬＥ，ＣＣ，ＣＤ，ＣＭ，ＣＥ，ＣＱ，ＣＰ，ＤＤ，ＤＭ，ＤＥＤＱ，ＫＰ，ＭＱ）。在５个品种绵羊中，藏羊血清铁传递蛋白的电泳变异体和电泳表型最多，分别为１１个和２８种，茨盖羊的最少，分别为６个和１６种，青海细毛羊，新疆细毛羊和青海半细胞毛羊介于两者之间。     

天府大型肉鸭新品系及其杂种肉用性能的研究

试验采用天府大型肉鸡Ｃ、Ｇ、Ｍ、Ｌ４个品系及其杂种ＣＭ、ＣＬ、ＧＭ、ＧＬ，狄高肉鸭商品代ＴＣ，组成９个组合，在相同舍饲条件下，对生长性状和屠宰性能进行测定。结果表明，天府大型肉鸭父系Ｃ优于Ｇ，母系Ｍ优于Ｌ，４个杂交组中的ＣＭ最好，可用于大型肉鸡的商品生产。     

双疗程法治疗肉鸡大肠杆菌病

作者进行了双疗程法治疗肉鸡大肠杆菌病的试验，试验鸡共５０００只，设９个治疗组，１个对照组，每组５００只ＡＡ肉鸡。试验组鸡群于１～７天，２２～２８天，分别选用敏感抗菌素氟哌酸（ＦＰＡ，５０ＰＰＭ），强力霉素（ＤＯＣ。７５ＰＰＭ，），氯霉素（ＣＭＴ，７５０ＰＰＭ）进行双疗程治疗，取得了满意的效果。ＤＯＣ－ＣＭＴ、ＣＭＴ－ＤＯＣ、ＦＰＡ－ＤＯＣ、ＤＯＣ－ＦＰＡ、ＦＰＡ－ＣＭＴ、ＣＭＴ－ＦＰＡ、ＤＯＣ－ＤＯＣ、ＦＰＡ－ＦＰＡ、ＣＭＴ－ＣＭＴ各试验组的存活率分别为９２．８％、８７．６％、９７．２％、９６．４％、９５．８％、８９．６％、９４．６％、９６．２％、８８．４％。对照组的存活率７９．４％。     

ELISAA法检测犬腹泻粪样中的犬冠状病毒

用ＦＥ细胞增殖犬冠状病毒（ＣＣＶ）参考株，分别免疫家兔和ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠制备ＣＣＶ多抗和单抗，建立了夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ及Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ诊断方法。在检测的８４例犬腹泻粪样中，多抗、单抗夹心法显示ＣＣＶ阳性１６例，Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ阳性１３便，后１３例包括在前１６例中，从８４例腹泻犬粪样中随机取３例作ＣＣＶ、犬细小病毒（ＣＰＶ）双项检测，ＣＣＶ阳性１６例，ＣＰＶ阳性６例，ＣＣＶ、ＣＰＶ混合感染４例。结     

骨代谢病乳牛血中1，25－二羟胆钙化醇（DHCC）含量的测定及发病机理研究

为了探讨乳牛骨代谢病的发病机理，测定了骨代谢病乳牛血清１，２５－二羟胆钙化醇（ＤＨＣＣ）以及维生素Ｄ、羟脯氨酸的含量，并测定了肝、肾功能。结果表明，骨代谢病乳牛血清中维生素Ｄ含量升高，ＤＨＣＣ降低，羟脯氨酸降低，肝功能未见异常，肾功能发生了某些变化等。由此认为，乳牛骨代谢病是由肾功能障碍致维生素Ｄ转变为ＤＨＣＣ过程受阻，使ＤＨＣＣ含量降低引起的。其实质是骨基质分解降低，骨晶体即骨盐减少性疾病。     

青海藏羊血清运铁蛋白多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对青海省三角城种羊场和达日县的１９６份藏羊血样进行了血清运铁蛋白多态性的研究。结果发现：①在被检藏羊的血清运铁蛋白位点上共发现ＴＦ￣Ｉ，ＴＦ￣Ａ，ＴＦ￣Ｇ，ＴＦ￣Ｂ，ＴＦ￣Ｌ，ＴＦ￣Ｃ，ＴＦ￣Ｄ，ＴＦ￣Ｍ，ＴＦ￣Ｅ，ＴＦ￣Ｑ和ＴＦ￣Ｐ１１个等位基因，其中ＴＦＣ（０．３２４０），ＴＦ￣Ｂ（０．２６７９）和ＴＦ￣Ｄ（０．２１６８）为优势等位基因；②共发现ＴＦＩＥ，ＴＦＡＡ，ＴＦＡＢ，ＴＦＡＣ，ＴＦＡＤ，ＴＦＡＭ，ＴＦＧＢ，ＴＦＧＬ，ＴＦＧＣ，ＴＦＧＤ，ＴＦＢＢ，ＴＦＢＣ，ＴＦＢＤ，ＴＦＢＭ，ＴＦＬＣ，ＴＦＬＤ，ＴＦＬＥ，ＴＦＣＣ，ＴＦＣＤ，ＴＦＣＥ，ＴＦＣＱ，ＴＦＣＰ，ＴＦＤＤ，ＴＦＤＭ，ＴＦＤＥ和ＴＦＤＱ２６种基因型，其中ＴＦＢＣ（２０．４１％）、ＴＦＣＣ（１３．７８％）和ＴＦＢＤ（１１．７４％）为优势基因型。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.