奶牛子宫内膜粘液抗菌肽的分离纯化

为研发奶牛抗菌肽生物制剂,防治奶牛子宫内膜炎,本研究采用酸性尿素聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳琼脂糖弥散法检测子宫内膜粘液酸溶性提取物抗菌活性;应用琼脂糖电泳及水平电泳洗脱分离相应的抗菌条带,HPLC进一步分离纯化,琼脂糖弥散法检测纯化分子抗菌活性,Tricine-SDS-PAGE电泳检测其分子量。结果表明,从奶牛子宫内膜酸溶性提取物中纯化出一分子量约为14kD左右的抗菌多肽,对大肠杆菌(E.coliBL21)和金黄色葡萄球菌26003具有抗菌活性。本研究可能分离纯化出一种新的子宫内膜分泌的抗菌多肽,其可能参与奶牛子宫的天然防御机制。     

Spinigerin α抗菌肽的分离纯化及其活性研究

Spinigerinα抗菌肽是一种源于白蚁的线性抗菌肽,包括25个氨基酸,不含半胱氨酸,呈α-螺旋结构。本研究采用凝胶加热-层析法,对Spinigerinα抗菌肽样液通过水浴加热至100℃保持20³0 min,除去不耐热的部分蛋白,经葡聚糖凝胶SephadexG-25脱盐层析分离得到Spinigerinα抗菌肽提纯物。根据SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳图谱绘制分子质量标准曲线,计算Spinigerinα抗菌肽的分子质量。试验结果表明:SDS-PAGE电泳表现为单一条带,其分子质量为2.74 ku;Spinigerinα抗菌肽对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌均有抑菌作用,最小抑菌浓度分别为0.5 mg/mL、0.3 mg/mL、0.2 mg/mL。     

乳清蛋白抗菌肽的分离纯化及活性

以乳清蛋白为原料,酶解制备具有抗菌能力的生物活性肽。采用超滤、葡聚糖凝胶层析色谱、反相高效液相色谱法对酶解液进行分离纯化,并对分离产物的氨基酸组成进行分析。结果表明:葡聚糖凝胶色谱纯化最佳流速2 mL/min,最佳样品质量浓度15 mg/mL;再由反相高效液相色谱分离的高活性抗菌肽,抑菌圈直径达到31.33 mm。氨基酸分析结果显示,高活性抗菌肽碱性氨基酸和疏水性氨基酸含量最多,分别为42.69%和37.39%。     

哺乳动物上皮细胞抗菌肽分离纯化技术研究进展

抗菌肽是在动植物体内发现的氨基酸数目少于100个的一类多肽,是哺乳动物防御体系的一个重要组成部分,具有分子质量小、对热稳定、水溶性好、广谱抗菌和作用机制独特等特点。文章主要综述了几种哺乳动物上皮细胞抗菌肽的分离纯化技术研究概况。     

产后奶牛子宫内膜的扫描电镜观察

应用扫描电镜观察了 5头奶牛产后不同时期子宫内膜的变化。结果发现 ,分娩后早期 ,奶牛子宫内膜部分破损 ,与破损部位相邻的细胞在产后 1周内相继脱落 ;未破损内膜上皮细胞表面的纤毛和微绒毛形状不整、数量减少。产后2周 ,基底细胞开始生长 ,至产后 4 5 d时生长完成 ;产后 4周 ,内膜破损区域缩小 ,上皮细胞表面纤毛和微绒毛形状规则、数量增加 ;产后 4 5 d,偶见上皮细胞缺失 ;至产后 6 0 d,子宫内膜上皮细胞完整、排列有序、被覆纤毛和微绒毛。上述结果表明 ,奶牛子宫内膜在分娩后 6 0 d内完成修复。     

乌鳢体表粘液抗菌肽CSM14的分离纯化及部分生物学活性研究

为建立分离纯化乌鳢体表粘液抗菌肽的方法并研究其抗菌活性,本研究通过嗜水气单胞菌对乌鳢进行刺激,采用甲醇提取、SephadexG-50凝胶层析和反向高效液相色谱从其体表粘液中提取抗菌肽,经质谱分析测定分子量;并对抗菌肽的抑菌谱、最小抑菌浓度(MIC)、热稳定性、溶血活性进行了初步研究。结果表明:分离纯化的乌鳢体表粘液抗菌肽分子量约为3024.15ku,并具有广谱的抗菌活性,热稳定性好,没有溶血活性。     

中国林蛙皮肤抗菌肽的分离纯化及部分特性研究

从长白山林蛙养殖场购买林蛙 ,用冷水清洗林蛙 ,断头后迅速剥离皮肤 ,清洗血液后剪碎 ,经 80 %的甲醇抽提 3次 ;再经组织捣碎机捣碎 ,用 80 %的甲醇抽提 2次 ;再经葡聚糖凝胶过滤。实验结果表明 ,林蛙皮肤中小分子活性多肽经葡聚糖凝胶过滤得到纯度较高的抗菌活性肽 ;林蛙皮肤中小分子活性多肽对革兰氏阳性细菌、革兰氏阴性细菌都具有一定的抗菌作用 ;经醋酸纤维薄膜电泳 ,表明其具有较强的阳离子特征 ;SDS - -PAGE电泳分析表明为单一区带 ,林蛙皮肤中小分子抗菌活性多肽的相对分子量为 6 .2 8ku。     

抗菌肽的抗菌机理及其应用

近10年来，随着动物及微生物抗菌肽理论与应用研究的逐渐深入，先后有Magainin（Bevins，等，1990），Nisin和Cecropins（Boman，1995）等抗菌肽在医药、工业、食品和农业中应用，抗菌肽独特的性质展示出广阔的应用前景。植物抗菌肽在分离纯化、抗菌特性、细胞毒性、理化性质以及转基因等许多方面的研究进展也很快，发现了一大批理化性质和抗菌特性各异的植物抗菌肽。同时近几年对昆虫抗菌肽、蛙抗菌肽、猪抗菌肽、鼠抗菌肽等的研究逐渐增多（郭玉梅，1997）。     

奶牛子宫内膜细胞体外培养及应用研究概况

子宫内膜细胞体外培养技术在研究动物子宫内膜生理功能、繁殖障碍疾病机制及治疗药物筛选等过程中具有重要的作用和意义。论文就国内外有关奶牛子宫内膜细胞体外培养技术中常用的分离、纯化和鉴定等方法以及该细胞体外模型相关应用进行综述,为探索简便、高效的奶牛子宫内膜细胞体外培养方法及国内有关奶牛子宫内膜生理病理的分子细胞学研究提供参考。     

Changes in the concentrations of somatic cell counts,lingual antimicrobial peptide and lactoperoxidase activity in milk at periovulatory period in dairy cows

The objective of the present study was to examine the changes in innate immune factors in milk during the estrous cycle in dairy cows. Milk was collected from cows with a normal ovulatory cycle and cows subjected to the OVSYNCH protocol, and somatic cell counts (SCC), lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP) concentrations and lactoperoxidase (LPO) activity in milk were measured. In cows with a normal ovulatory cycle, there was no significant change in LAP concentrations and SCC during the ovulatory cycle. However, LPO activity at days 0 and 19 (day 0 = day of ovulation) were significantly higher than those at days 10, 12 and 15. In cows subjected to the OVSYNCH protocol, a significant increase in SCC was observed at day 9 (2 days after prostaglandin treatment) compared with that at day 11 (2 days after second administration of gonadotropin). There were no significant changes in LAP concentrations and LPO activity during the OVSYNCH protocol. These results indicate that LPO activity, an innate immune factor, was enhanced in the preovulatory period.     

鬼臼多糖的分离纯化及药理学活性

目的：分离纯化鬼臼多糖（PEP）,测定PEP的单糖组成,观察PEP对小鼠脾脏、胸腺指数、溶菌酶含量及脾脏淋巴细胞增殖的影响.方法：用热水抽提及醇沉法纯化鬼臼多糖,采用纸层析法和红外光谱对PEP的组成进行研究,用比浊法测溶菌酶含量,用MTT法研究PEP对脾脏淋巴细胞增殖的影响.结果：PEP的得率为60%,PEP含有葡萄糖、果糖、甘露糖、和阿拉伯糖,红外光谱扫描表现出一般多糖类物质的特征吸收峰.PEP能够提高脾脏指数,但对胸腺指数和血清中的溶菌酶含量的影响不明显.MTT结果显示,PEP能够显著刺激小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞增殖,且与ConA有协同作用.     

Discovery,Isolation,Identification and Characterization of Novel Non-ribosomal Peptide Antibacterial Active Substances in Bacillus

The aim of this study was to search for novel non-ribosomal peptide antimicrobial substances based on the screening of bacterial secondary metabolites.The bacteria isolated from soil,sea water and common marine organisms in Yantai coastal area were isolated and purified.E.coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 were selected as indicator bacteria,and E.coli B2 (bla_NDM-5+mcr-1) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) T144 were used as indicator for secondary screening.The genome was extracted and the PCR products were sequenced to determine the active species.The secondary metabolites of bacteria were extracted by organic extraction,purified by gel chromatography and preparative liquid chromatography,and purity was detected by analytical liquid chromatography.The results of sequencing showed that the active strain belonged to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens sp.,and was named as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 9-14 (active bacterium 9-14).The results of antibacterial test showed that the metabolites of active bacterium 9-14 had high inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213,MRSA T144,E.coli ATCC 25922 and E.coli B2.The metabolites of active bacterium 9-14 were cyclic lipopeptides composed of amino acid chains,which belonged to the derivatives of ibuprofen.The biological characteristics and antibacterial spectrum of the metabolites of active bacterium 9-14 were studied.The results showed that the metabolites of active bacterium 9-14 had good thermal stability and acid-base stability.And the antibacterial activity of the antibacterial substance treated with trypsin,pepsin,protease K and papain was not significantly weakened and had good stability.The antibacterial substance also had inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and E.coli,but had no activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus.In this study,a new antibacterial substance was obtained,which could be used as the precursor of antibacterial drugs,and could provide certain reference for food safety and disease control.     

芽孢杆菌中新型非核糖体肽类抗菌活性物质的发掘、分离鉴定及特性研究

本研究旨在基于对细菌次级代谢产物的筛选,寻找新型非核糖体肽类抗菌物质。通过对烟台沿海地区的土壤、海水及近海常见海洋生物中的细菌进行培养,分离纯化得到细菌的单克隆,以大肠杆菌（E.coli）ATCC 25922和金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 29213为指示菌进行初步筛选,以耐多黏菌素和碳青霉烯E.coli B2（bla_NDM-5+mcr-1）和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA） T144作为指示菌对有活性的细菌进行二次筛选。通过提取基因组进行PCR扩增产物测序比对,确定活性菌种属。采用有机萃取法对细菌的次级代谢产物进行萃取,通过凝胶层析和制备液相色谱进行纯化,利用分析型液相色谱进行纯度检测,进—步利用质谱对纯化后的抗菌活性物质进行结构鉴定。测序结果表明,活性菌属于解淀粉酶芽孢杆菌种,将其命名为解淀粉酶芽孢杆菌9-14（活性菌9-14）。抑菌试验结果表明,活性菌9-14的代谢产物对金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 29213、MRSA T144、E.coli ATCC 25922和E.coli B2均具有高效抑制作用。活性菌9-14代谢产物是由氨基酸链组成的环状脂肽,属于伊枯草菌素的衍生物。对活性菌9-14代谢产物的生物学特性及其抑菌谱研究发现,活性菌9-14的代谢产物具有良好的热稳定性和酸碱稳定性,该抗菌物质经胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、蛋白酶K和木瓜蛋白酶处理后抗菌活性没有明显减弱,具有较好的稳定性;该抗菌物质对所用金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌同样具有抑制作用,对绿脓杆菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、粪肠球菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌均不表现活性。本研究得到一种新型的抗菌物质,以该抗菌物质为抗菌药物的前体,可为食品安全和疾病控制提供一定的参考依据。     

毛囊干细胞的分离方法及其应用

毛囊干细胞是皮肤组织工程理想的种子细胞,分离纯化是其研究的基础手段。毛囊干细胞能分化成毛囊、皮脂腺、表皮,在组织维持与更新及某些临床疾病的治疗中均起到重要的作用。作者介绍了近年来毛囊干细胞几种常用的分离纯化方法,包括组织块法和酶消化法等,为进一步研究毛囊干细胞的特性和应用提供参考。     

The expression of VEGF,myoglobin and CRP2 proteins regulating endometrial remodeling in the porcine endometrial tissues during follicular and luteal phase

Endometrial remodeling is important for successful embryo development and implantation in pigs. Therefore, this study investigated change of proteins regulating endometrial remodeling on follicular and luteal phase in porcine endometrial tissues. The endometrial tissue samples were collected from porcine uterus during follicular and luteal phase, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), myoglobin and cysteine‐rich protein 2 (CRP2) proteins were expressed by immnofluorescence, immunoblotting, and determined by 2‐DE and MALDI‐TOF/MS. We found that VEGF, myoglobin and CRP2 were strongly localized in endometrial tissues during luteal phase, but not follicular phase. The protein levels of VEGF, myoglobin and CRP2 in endometrial tissues were higher than luteal phase (P < 0.05). These results may provide understanding of intrauterine environment during estrous cycle in pigs, and will be used in animal reproduction for developing specific biomarkers in the future.     

多黏类芽孢杆菌抗菌肽的分离纯化及特性研究

试验旨在分离纯化多黏类芽孢杆菌（Paenibacillus polymyxa）BLCC1-0402代谢产物中的抗菌肽,为抗菌肽制备及其制品检测提供参考。采用离心、不同分子质量卷式膜超滤浓缩、Superdex peptide 10/300GL凝胶过滤层析对多黏类芽孢杆菌发酵上清液进行逐级分离纯化,对不同时段的收集液做抑菌试验,以大肠杆菌O78标准菌株为指示菌,采用打孔法进行抑菌活性检测,比较评价分步层析效果,以Tricine-SDS-PAGE进行分子质量检测。结果显示,通过5和3 ku卷式膜超滤获得的3~5 ku组分蛋白质样品抗菌活性较强;对于3~5 ku组分经凝胶过滤层析分离纯化,纯化后的抗菌肽A3抑菌活性最强,经Tricine-SDS-PAGE小分子多肽电泳检测,已达到电泳纯,分子质量为4 ku;抑菌活性检测结果显示,该抗菌肽A3对大肠杆菌O78标准菌株具有较强的抑菌作用。同时,抗菌肽A3表现出较好的耐热性,90~100 ℃处理15 min,抑菌活性可保持在96%左右;具有较好的酸碱稳定性,在pH 2.0~9.0下,抑菌活性保持在90%以上;经胃蛋白酶作用后抗菌肽A3抑菌活性降低20%,胰蛋白酶作用后抗菌肽A3抑菌活性降低18%,蛋白酶K对抗菌肽A3的抑菌活性几乎无影响。本研究结果表明,分离得到的抗菌肽A3是一种对大肠杆菌O78具有抑菌活性的新型抗菌肽,具有一定的开发潜力,可为下一步抗菌肽的结构分析、理化特性分析等深入研究提供一定参考依据。     

源于奶牛蹄部感染的牛源污蝇解壳杆菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验

为确定导致江苏某奶牛场蹄部感染的病原,采集发病奶牛蹄部感染病灶的病料进行细菌分离培养,使用MAL-DI Biotyper微生物快速鉴定系统进行细菌鉴定,并对分离菌株进行药物敏感性试验.结果显示,病灶中的分离株为污蝇解壳杆菌(Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica),血平板上呈β型溶血.药敏试验...