人羊膜间充质干细胞归巢至小鼠急性损伤肝组织及其致瘤性

将小鼠随机分为治疗组和对照组,按20μL/g的剂量腹腔注射10%CCl4溶液,每周2次,连续注射4周,建立小鼠急性肝损伤模型。建模后24h,治疗组尾静脉移植经Dir标记的人羊膜间充质干细胞0.2mL;对照组移植等量未经Dir标记的人羊膜间充质干细胞。使用小动物活体成像系统观察人羊膜间充质干细胞在小鼠体内分布。将NOD/SCID小鼠随机分为3组,试验组注射0.2 mL人羊膜间充质干细胞细胞悬液,阳性对照组注射0.2 mL Hep G2细胞悬液,阴性对照组只注射等量Matrigel和PBS的1∶1混合液。60d后脱颈处死小鼠,观察肿瘤形成情况并进行病理组织学检查。结果显示,活体成像试验发现,人羊膜间充质干细胞移植后2h,全身只有肝脏区域有荧光,人羊膜间充质干细胞移植后1d,肝脏及肺脏附近荧光信号达到最强,移植3d,肺部强荧光消失,肝部附近强荧光仍存在,移植后7~30d,全身各处荧光信号消失,但肝部荧光信号持续存在。体内致瘤试验发现,阳性对照组小鼠有肿瘤形成,而注射人羊膜间充质干细胞的试验组小鼠和阴性对照组小鼠均未观察到肿瘤形成。结果表明,人羊膜间充质干细胞尾静脉移植入急性肝损伤小鼠,可以成功归巢至肝脏并长期定植存在;人羊膜间充质干细胞在体内没有致瘤性,具有一定的临床安全性。     

盘羊脐带间充质干细胞的分离培养及诱导分化

试验旨在研究野生盘羊脐带间充质干细胞（umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,UC-MSCs）的分离、培养及体外多向分化潜能等生物学特性。取盘羊分娩后的新生雄性胎儿脐带,采用组织块培养法分离盘羊UC-MSCs后进行体外培养,并对UC-MSCs进行成骨、成软骨和成脂诱导分化,检测其多向分化潜能。结果显示,应用组织块培养法获得的盘羊UC-MSCs具有UC-MSCs特有的呈簇、成纤维状的特性,细胞呈"S"型曲线生长,细胞的倍增时间平均为33.50 h,且可以向成骨细胞、成软骨细胞和成脂细胞分化。诱导分化特异性染色结果表明,野生盘羊UC-MSCs经诱导后的成骨细胞经茜素红S染色呈现典型的橙红色钙沉积物聚集,成软骨细胞经阿利新蓝染色呈现蓝色的软骨基质,成脂细胞经油红O染色呈现深红色的脂滴。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果发现,随着诱导时间的延长,成骨分化的细胞中骨内γ-羧基谷氨酸蛋白（BGLAP）、骨桥蛋白基因（OPN）、Runt相关转录因子2（RUNX2）基因的相对表达量极显著升高（P<0.01）;成软骨分化的细胞中光蛋白聚糖（LUM）基因的表达量明显增加,而双糖链蛋白多糖（BGN）和Y染色体性别决定区基因盒9（SOX9）基因表达量极显著提高（P<0.01）;成脂分化的细胞中脂蛋白酶（LPL）和过氧化物酶体增殖因子活化受体γ（PPAR-γ）基因的相对表达量极显著上升（P<0.01）。试验结果表明,用盘羊胎盘附带的脐带组织可以分离到盘羊UC-MSCs,且分离到的UC-MSCs具有分化为成骨细胞、成软骨细胞及成脂细胞等多向分化潜能。     

兔骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养及肝内示踪

通过分离培养兔骨髓来源的间充质干细胞(MSCs),示踪其肝内移植命运,为MSCs的细胞治疗肝脏疾病提供理论依据和试验支持.采取全骨髓贴壁培养法分离培养兔骨髓MSCs,利用携带增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)的慢病毒载体感染MSCs,选择最优转染效率,并移植入经D-氨基半乳糖诱导的急性/亚急性肝衰竭受体兔体内,荧光显微镜下...     

小鼠MyoD基因诱导绵羊脐带间充质干细胞为成肌细胞的研究

为了探讨小鼠MyoD基因诱导绵羊脐带间充质干细胞（umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,UCMSCs）为成肌细胞的可能性,本研究用小鼠MyoD-pcDNA3.1真核表达载体质粒转染绵羊UCMSCs,在观察细胞形态变化的同时,检测成肌细胞标记蛋白表达、表达成肌细胞特异蛋白的细胞比率和成肌细胞特异基因mRNA相对表达量。结果显示,与对照组（未转染）相比,在转染MyoD-pcDNA3.1质粒后第21天,大部分细胞呈现似成肌细胞的细长管状;与对照组未表达相关蛋白相比,转染MyoD-pcDNA3.1后第8天,在荧光倒置显微镜下观察到细胞表达MyoD和Desmin蛋白荧光,转染后第16天,不仅观察到细胞表达MyoD和Desmin,而且观察到MyoG蛋白的表达;对于转染细胞后22 d的细胞进行流式细胞仪检测显示,表达MyoD、MyoG和Desmin的细胞比率分别达93.5%、97.4%和99.5%;此外,实时荧光定量PCR检测显示,转染MyoD-pcDNA3.1后第28天,其细胞中的MyoD、MyoG和Desmin mRNA相对表达量分别提高2.046、2.389和5.489倍。上述结果表明,利用小鼠MyoD构建真核表达载体具有诱导UCMSCs分化为成肌细胞的功效。     

马脂肪间充质干细胞的分离培养与生物学特性试验

为马的关节炎、肌腱和韧带损伤的临床治疗提供种子细胞,本试验通过采集马颈部脂肪组织,采用Ⅰ型胶原酶消化法分离脂肪间充质干细胞,并进行传代培养;绘制细胞生长曲线、测定细胞群体倍增时间;通过流式细胞术检测P3代细胞表面标记物,RT-PCR法扩增细胞表面标记物目的基因片段;油红O和茜素红染色法测定脂肪间充质干细胞的成脂和成骨诱导分化能力。结果发现:马脂肪间充质干细胞体外培养条件下呈长梭形和典型的旋涡状,生长状态良好、折光性强;经测定细胞生长曲线呈典型的S型,符合Logistic生长曲线规律;P3、P6和P9代细胞群体倍增时间分别为21.5 h、26 h、36 h;流式细胞术检测结果显示,P3代细胞高表达间充质干细胞表面标志物CD44、CD90和CD105,不表达造血系细胞表面标志物CD45;PCR扩增得到CD44、CD90、CD105和CD73特异性目的片段;油红O和茜素红染色证明,马脂肪间充质干细胞具有成脂和成骨诱导分化能力。     

犬脐带间充质干细胞联合滑车沟再造术治疗髌骨脱位的临床效果评估

【目的】探究犬脐带间充质干细胞(UC-MSCs)联合滑车沟再造术对髌骨脱位治疗的效果。【方法】将20只髌骨脱位患犬随机分为干细胞治疗组和常规手术组,每组10只。手术当天,干细胞治疗组关节腔注射0.5 mL UC-MSCs(10⁶/kg)混悬液,常规手术组注入等量生理盐水,通过收集患犬基础信息、回访跟踪记录,检测血常规和血液因子含量以及影像学等方法评估犬UC-MSCs的治疗效果。【结果】与常规手术组对比,术后第1、7天干细胞治疗组白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量极显著或显著降低(P<0.01;P<0.05),两组间转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、基质金属蛋白酶13(MMP-13)及肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白细胞总数、中性粒细胞总数均无显著差异(P>0.05)。术后第30天数字X线摄影复查结果显示,干细胞治疗组关节腔清晰,骨损位置有明显的软骨及骨组织生长,无再次脱出和关节炎等并发症。常规手术组的骨损伤处骨生长情况缓慢,2例患犬髌骨再次脱位(2/10)。【结论】滑车沟再造术后,在常规术后护理(使用抗炎、抗菌和止疼药物)条件下,关节腔内注射UC-...     

与脐带间充质干细胞共培养对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞乳脂合成及关键基因表达的影响

探究与脐带间充质干细胞共培养对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞(BMECs)乳脂合成及关键基因表达的影响。将脐带间充质干细胞和乳腺上皮细胞利用Transwell小室双层共培养,BMECs单纯培养为对照组,IGF-ⅠR抑制剂AG1024处理细胞,检测上清IGF-Ⅰ、甘油三酯(TAG)含量变化,再用磷脂酰肌醇-3-羟激酶(PI3K)信号阻断剂LY294002孵育细胞,RT-qPCR检测乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACACA)、脂肪酸合成酶(FASN)和固醇调节元件结合蛋白(sterol regulatory element.binding proteins,SREBP1)基因的相对表达丰度。结果显示,共培养后BMECs的IGF-I含量极显著升高(P0.01),TAG含量显著升高(P0.05);加入AG1024后,IGF-I明显受到抑制(P0.01),显著降低了各组TAG含量及各基因的表达丰度(P0.05);LY294002抑制了PI3K(P0.01)、AKT、mTOR(P0.05)mRNA的表达,显著降低了TAG含量及ACACA、FASN、SREBP1mRNA的表达(P0.05);共同处理后极显著降低了TAG合成量及各基因相对表达丰度(P0.01)。结果表明,脐带间充质干细胞能够通过IGF-Ⅰ介导PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路上调BMECs乳脂合成关键基因的表达丰度,促进TAG的合成。     

移植脐带间充质干细胞对荷斯坦公犊日增重及血清生长因子水平的影响

本试验旨在研究移植脐带间充质干细胞对荷斯坦公犊日增重及血清生长因子水平的影响.选取1月龄体重相近的荷斯坦公犊28头,随机分为对照组和试验组,采集健康的荷斯坦新生胎牛的脐带组织,通过胰酶消化筛选法体外分离、纯化及培养牛脐带间充质干细胞(UC-MSCs),试验组按公犊体重(3×10⁵个/kg干细胞)稀释至8 mL颈静脉注射至体内,对照组注射等量生理盐水.试验期154 d.结果表明,注射UC-MSCs后,试验组公犊平均体重在4、5、6月龄时显著高于对照组(P< 0.05);试验组公犊平均日增重在3、4月龄时显著高于对照组(P< 0.05),而在6月龄时极显著高于对照组(P< 0.01).试验组血清中类胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1)水平在4月龄时显著高于对照组(P< 0.05);试验组血清中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、转化生长因子(TGF-α)水平在3月龄时显著高于对照组(P< 0.05);试验组血清中VEGF、成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)、TGF-α水平在6月龄时显著或极显著高于对照组(P< 0.05;P< 0.01);2、3、4、6月龄时,试验组血清中骨形态发生蛋白(BMP-7)水平显著低于对照组(P< 0.05).综上所述,移植UC-MSCs能显著提高公犊的平均日增重及血清中IGF-1、VEGF、TGF-α、bFGF水平,血清中这些生长因子与公犊的生长发育密切相关,进而影响其生长性能.     

移植脐带间充质干细胞对荷斯坦公犊日增重和血清中营养物质部分代谢指标的影响

为探究移植脐带间充质干细胞(UC-MSCs)对荷斯坦公犊血清中营养物质部分代谢指标的影响,2013年7月至12月选取年龄相近、体重差异不显著荷斯坦公犊28头,随机分为对照组和试验组。将培养成功的UC-MSCs按公犊体重每公斤3×105个干细胞稀释至8 m L颈静脉注射至其体内,对照组注射等量生理盐水。空腹测体重并静脉釆血后3 500 r/min转离心15 min收集血清待检,检测项目为TP(总蛋白)、ALB(白蛋白)、BUN(尿素氮)、TG(甘油三酯)、CHO(胆固醇)、ALP(碱性磷酸酶)、LDH(乳酸脱氢酶)、CK(肌酸激酶)。注射UC-MSCs后,4、5、6月龄时,试验组平均体重显著高于对照组(P0.05);4月龄时,试验组平均日增重显著高于对照组(P0.05);6月龄时,试验组平均日增重极显著高于对照组(P0.01)。4月龄时,试验组血清中ALP、LDH、CK均显著高于对照组(P0.05),试验组血清中BUN水平显著低于对照组(P0.05);5月龄时,试验组血清中Alb、ALP水平显著高于对照组(P0.05);6月龄时,试验组血清中TP水平显著高于对照组(P0.05),且两组血清中CK水平差异极显著(P0.01)。注射UC-MSCs能够显著提高公犊血清中TP、Alb、ALP、LDH的含量,降低血清中BUN、CK水平,从而稳定机体内环境,促进公犊机体蛋白、骨骼的合成和沉积,间接影响其增重和体尺,增加荷斯坦公犊的发育速度,有效的增加其生长性能。     

骨髓间充质干细胞的研究进展

骨髓间充质干细胞是存在于骨髓中的除造血干细胞以外的另一类具有多向分化潜能的干细胞。在一定的诱导条件下 ,这类细胞可定向分化为多种造血以外组织 ,特别是中胚层和神经外胚层来源的组织细胞。例如成骨细胞、成软骨细胞、脂肪细胞、腱细胞、肌肉细胞、神经细胞等。骨髓间充质干细胞具有贴壁生长的特性 ,在体外易分离和扩增 ,还易于外源基因的转入和表达 ,在人类医学上被认为是一种理想的治疗性细胞和基因治疗中的靶细胞。本文针对骨髓间充质干细胞的研究进展和在临床医学上的应用进行综述     

Use of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Experimental Tendinitis Therapy in Equines

Superficial digital flexor tendon lesion is an important cause of lameness in equine athletes. Although numerous treatments have been described, few are effective at promoting significant improvement in the quality of the extracellular matrix. Therefore, great potential remains for recurrence and in certain cases, an abrupt end to the horse’s athletic career. Recently, several experiments have focused on the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cases of tendon lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adipose tissue-derived MSCs in the treatment of induced tendinitis of the superficial digital flexor tendon in horses by clinical, ultrasonographic, histopathological, and immunochemical analyses. Tendinitis was induced in both thoracic limbs of eight mares by administration of collagenase solution and adipose tissue was collected from the tail base for MSCs isolation and expansion, which were used during cellular therapy on only one limb 30 days after lesion induction. No differences occurred between the groups regarding the clinical and ultrasonographic analyses; however, histopathological evaluation revealed a significant improvement in tendon fiber organization and diminished inflammatory infiltrate, whereas immunohistochemical analysis showed increased expression of type I collagen in the treated group as compared with controls. The cellular therapy model implanted in this experiment promoted increased perivascular inflammatory infiltrate, fibroblastic density, neovascularization, and qualitative healing improvement of tendon extracellular matrix, in terms of fiber orientation and type I/III collagen ratio; moreover, it was considered to be a safe and viable process.     

马骨髓间充质干细胞向软骨细胞的诱导分化

试验旨在建立马骨髓间充质干细胞（bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs）细胞系,并诱导其向软骨细胞分化。通过获取马BMSCs,进行细胞培养和纯化,对第3代（P3）细胞进行干细胞特性鉴定,并诱导其向软骨细胞分化,对分化后的细胞染色,并检测其软骨细胞特异性基因的表达。结果显示,获得的马BMSCs表达标记基因Sox2和Nanog,并表达间充质干细胞表面标记因子CD44、CD90和CD105,不表达造血细胞表面标志物CD34和CD45。P3代细胞经诱导培养后形态发生改变,阿尔新蓝染色为阳性,并表达软骨细胞特异基因Col,且其表达量随着诱导分化时间的增加而增高。综上表明,本试验建立了马BMSC细胞系,并成功诱导其分化为软骨细胞,为软骨损伤的干细胞治疗提供了试验依据。     

Study on Inducing Equine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiated into Chondrocytes

This study was aimed to establish equine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) line and induce it to differentiate into chondrocytes. The BMSCs were collected by cutting the bone and flushing the cutting surface by PBS, and then the bone marrow was washed with PBS,the collected cells were cultured after centrifugation. The cells were purified by passaging,the stem cell properties were tested before the induction. And the cells were also appraised by the expression of the special gene of chondrocytes as well as staining the differentiated cells with Alcian blue to insure the induction was effective. The obtained BMSCs expressed Sox2 and Nanog genes, which were the stem cell special genes, and also expressed CD44, CD90 and CD105 genes, but absent of CD34 and CD45 genes. The shapes of the 3rd passage BMSCs were changed after cultured in inducing medium for a few days. Furthermore, the cells were positive to Alcian blue staining, increased expression of the Col special gene of chondrocyte day by day as well. According to this study, the BMSC line was established, and the BMSCs were induced and differentiate into chondrocytes successfully.     

Study on Differentiation of Sheep Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Muscle Cells Induced by Mouse MyoD Gene

In order to investigate the differentiation of sheep umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) into muscle cells induced by mouse MyoD gene. This study based on the previous work constructed the eukaryotic expression vector of MyoD-pcDNA3.1 in mice, and the vector was transfected into sheep UCMSCs. The morphological changes of cells were observed by fluorescent microsco, the expression of MyoD, Desmin and MyoG genes were detected by immunofluorescence, the percentage of cells expressing the cell specific factor (MyoD, Desmin and MyoG) was analyzed by flow cytometry and Real-time quantitative PCR to detect the relative expression of mRNA relative to muscle cell specific factor. Compared with the control group (no transfection), the vector was transfected into sheep UCMSCs, it was found that the cells were transformed into a long, slender, muscular cell state, and the cell spiral gradually disappeared at 21th day. It was found that MyoD and Desmin showed positive expression by immunofluorescence assay at 8th day, the expression of MyoG was also found after 16 d of induction, and the expression of MyoD decreased, the amount of Desmin expression was no change;By flow cytometry, the percentages of the expression of MyoD, MyoG and Desmin were 93.5%, 97.4% and 99.5%,respectively;Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that the relative expression of MyoD, MyoG and Desmin were increased and compared with the control group (non transfected cells), the cells were increased by 2.046, 2.389 and 5.489 times, respectively. The results showed that mouce MyoD gene could induce the differentiation of sheep UCMSCs into muscle cells.     

间充质干细胞的免疫调节特性及其应用研究进展

间充质干细胞(MSCs)是一种具有自我复制和多向分化潜能的多能干细胞,具有低免疫原性和免疫抑制作用,并能优先归巢于损伤组织,促进组织修复.体内外研究显示MSCs可影响T细胞、B细胞、自然杀伤细胞、抗原提呈细胞等免疫细胞功能,减轻器官移植后免疫排斥,有望在移植免疫领域得到广泛应用.论文概述了间充质干细胞的生物学特性,免疫...     

大鼠胰腺间充质干细胞的分离鉴定及体外诱导成脂和成骨研究

从新生大鼠胰腺中分离出间充质干细胞(MSCs),研究其分化潜能,为胰腺疾病的干细胞移植治疗探寻新的细胞来源。无菌条件取出新生3 d的大鼠胰腺,通过Ⅴ型胶原酶消化获得细胞,常规培养传代、贴壁筛选法纯化细胞、吉姆萨染色观察细胞形态、流式细胞仪测定表面标志CD34和CD44;用成骨、成脂诱导剂鉴定其分化潜能。结果显示,纯化细胞在成骨诱导剂作用下被诱导成成骨细胞,在成脂诱导剂作用下被诱导成脂肪细胞。证明所纯化的细胞为尚未分化的基质细胞,而不是组织的成体细胞,它具有多向分化潜能。     

间充质干细胞在动物临床上的应用前景

间充质干细胞(MSC)是一种在治疗组织损伤和修复方面极具潜力的“种子细胞”,因而受到人们的广泛关注。目前,对于人间充质干细胞的分离、鉴定、培养方法与技术已经成熟,且在临床上的应用也在积极推进当中。相比于人源间充质干细胞,家畜间充质干细胞目前受到较少的关注,其很多重要的参数数据鲜见报道。但是,将家畜的间充质干细胞应用于临床治疗和动物养殖业中时,它能创造出的医疗价值和经济价值是非常可观的。因此,间充质干细胞在家畜上的应用,必定会对整个畜牧业有着积极促进作用。论文通过对比人与家畜间充质干细胞的分离、培养和鉴定方法,阐述家畜间充质干细胞的分离培养和鉴定,以期为相关研究提供参考和借鉴。