茄子种子电磁生物效应的研究

通过高压静电场处理茄子种子,研究高压静电场对茄子种子产生的生物学效应,探索高压静电场提高茄子种子活力的处理参数。结果表明,一定强度的高压静电场和时间组合处理茄子种子,可降低种子电解质外渗,提高超氧物岐化酶(SOD)活性,促进种子萌发和幼苗生长。得到有利于萌发的359 kV/m×12 min处理,有利于幼苗生长的359 kV/m×4 min处理和对萌发、生长都有利的359 kV/m×12 min处理。     

高压静电场处理对红元帅苹果采后品质的影响

以红元帅苹果为试材,于100 kV/m高压静电场每天处理2 h后,对苹果呼吸强度、硬度、VC含量和可溶性糖含量的影响进行调查.结果表明,高压静电场在没有影响苹果呼吸高峰出现时间的同时显著降低了呼吸高峰时的呼吸强度;能够有效地保持苹果的硬度;并能有效地抑制贮藏过程中VC含量和可溶性糖含量的降低.     

臭氧处理对草莓保鲜效果的影响

为探索臭氧处理对草莓的保鲜效果,分别研究处理浓度为15 mg/m3、20 mg/m3、25 mg/m3、30 mg/m3;处理时间为1 min、5 min、10 min、15 min;处理次数为2天1次、4天1次、6天1次、不处理的臭氧对‘丰香’草莓0℃、30天贮藏期间果实腐烂和主要品质指标变化的影响。发现臭氧处理能够有效抑制草莓的腐烂,延缓草莓VC含量、硬度和可溶性固形物的下降。试验结果表明臭氧处理对草莓保鲜有一定作用,且最佳臭氧浓度为20 mg/m3。处理时间和处理次数对草莓的保鲜效果影响较小。     

高压静电场诱导采后葡萄果实总黄烷-3-醇积累模型构建

高压静电场能够诱导采后葡萄果实多酚类物质积累,为实现优化和准确调控葡萄果实总黄烷-3-醇积累量,构建葡萄果实总黄烷-3-醇含量在高压静电场作用下随时间变化的连续模型.首先,以酿酒葡萄赤霞珠为试材,选用-2 kV/cm高压静电场,分别等时间间隔和随机时间间隔对总黄烷-3-醇含量取样,采用DMACA法获得两组数据;其次,根...     

采后不同电场持续处理对番茄贮藏的影响

以"朝研219"番茄为试材,研究-200~200 kV/m波动的交变电场及200 kV/m的负高压稳恒静电场持续处理番茄(贮藏温度13℃,相对湿度85%~90%)的试验效果。结果表明,高压电场长期处理番茄果实效果不同于间歇电场和一次预处理电场,其促进贮藏期间番茄果实硬度的下降,同时与对照相比,促进番茄果实由绿转红。高压电场处理技术是一种无热效应物理技术,作用于物料时温度上升小,是安全的处理技术。     

高压静电场对番茄种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

用不同高压静电场强度和时间的组合处理番茄种子,研究不同电场处理条件对番茄种子萌发指标和生长指标的影响,根据实验数据结果筛选出最佳电场处理条件。结果表明,350kV/m×30min电场处理能有效促进番茄种子的萌发和番茄幼苗的生长。     

高压正静电场对柠檬表面蜡质亲水性的影响

为探明在静电保鲜过程中不同电场参数对柠檬表皮蜡质亲水分子的影响,以柠檬角质层中成分含量最多的十六烷酸分子为研究对象,用分子模拟与理论分析和试验研究相结合的方法测定高压正静电场对柠檬表皮蜡质亲水性影响。结果表明,利用Materials Studio软件预测出正电场强度为180 kV/m时,十六烷基分子的MSD指数和偶极矩值均达到最小,亲水性最低。进一步用傅立叶红外光谱仪检测到,200 kV/m处理6天对十六烷酸羟基基团的抑制效果最好。最后采用Photoshop软件进行表面润湿性分析,验证在200 kV/m处理6天效果最佳。该试验初步筛选出了适宜柠檬贮藏的高压静电场电磁学的最佳参数,可为今后实际应用过程中选取合适的电场强度提供理论依据。     

臭氧处理对草莓贮期果实品质的影响

以优质草莓为试材,研究了臭氧处理对草莓贮藏期间品质变化的影响。结果表明,草莓在(2.0±1.0)℃下贮藏,每隔3 d采用质量浓度300 mg/m3的O3处理0.5 h,能有效保持果实可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量,降低果实呼吸强度和腐烂率,较好地保持果实硬度。适宜的臭氧处理对草莓有良好的保鲜效果。     

高压静电场处理种子对小麦幼苗抗寒性的影响

电场处理强度为EN =0.5×N(kV/cm),N=0,1,2,…,12,对照组为Eo(电场未处理),处理时间T=10 min和T=5 min处理小麦干种子.处理组幼苗在4℃的条件下进行低温胁迫处理,研究小麦幼苗各项抗寒性指标:相对电导率、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量和3种保护酶(POD、SOD、CAT)活性的变化情况.结果表明,电场预处理小麦种子不但明显提高了幼苗叶片的脯氨酸含量,而且提高幼苗的抗低温胁迫能力.处理组幼苗在4℃的低温胁迫条件下与对照组相比具有较高的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性及可溶性蛋白质含量.同时电场处理还降低了幼苗叶片的相对电导率及MDA含量,且小麦幼苗各个抗寒性指标变化的最大幅值均出现在处理条件4.5 kV/cm,10 min,由此得出高压静电场处理种子提高小麦幼苗的抗寒性的最佳处理条件.     

高压静电场处理对草莓保鲜品质的影响

为探究高压静电场（High voltage electrostatic field,HVEF）处理对草莓贮藏过程中品质的影响,将草莓置于高压静电冰箱,分析其在贮藏过程（0～15 d）中VC、可溶性糖、可滴定酸含量及感官品质等指标的变化。结果表明：HVEF处理能有效延缓草莓在贮藏过程中可滴定酸含量的上升以及可溶性糖和VC含量的下降,减少草莓的腐烂损耗。贮藏12 d时,HVEF组草莓的好果率为97.33%,CK组为89.33%;贮藏15 d时,HVEF组草莓的VC含量显著高于CK组（P<0.05）。因此,该高压静电场处理能够有效抑制草莓的品质劣变,延长其保鲜期。     

冷冻干燥速溶蛋花汤的加工技术

介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。     

Measuring of Quantity of Matter-mass and the Measuring of Inertia of Matter-momentclm

A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed.     

香蕉遗传转化方法研究进展

香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。     

新疆布尔津县土地利用格局特征研究

基于RS与GIS技术,利用景观生态学理论及景观格局指数对布尔津县土地利用现状进行定量分析。结果显示为：（1）布尔津县以草地、林地为主要景观类型,镶嵌着耕地、水域等景观类型。（2）四个分区（即高山区、丘陵区、平原区、荒漠区）的林地资源组成差异明显,耕地、居民、交通及工矿用地集中分布在丘陵区和平原区（3）从各项指数来看,高山区的多样性指数较低;平原区是受人文因素最多的区域,景观优势度低,各种土地利用类型比例差异不大,有利于生态可持续发展,但要合理的开发利用;荒漠区生态环境相对脆弱,要加强生态环境的保护与改善。通过该研究对布尔津县的土地利用现状作一个了解,为该县乃至整个地区的景观规划和可持续发展战略提供科学依据。     

酸枣幼根原生质体的制备

以生长6～9 d的酸枣种子幼根为试验材料,0.7 mol·L-1甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂、pH值5.5～6.0、28℃恒温水浴条件下,以光学显微镜观察的水解总时间、初始产生原生质体的时间、原生质体产量及细胞碎片量为指标,研究通过酶水解来制备酸枣幼根原生质体的方法.结果表明,在含1％果胶酶+4％纤维素酶R-10+3％纤维素...     

影响核桃贮藏品质因素的分析

介绍了几种核桃贮藏方法,综述了影响核桃贮藏品质的几个主要因素,以及针对上述影响因素提出若干解决对策.     

Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower

Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha⁻¹, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha⁻¹, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha⁻¹ for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment.     

Establishment of High-frequency Regeneration System of Explants of Alfalfa

The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa.     

Laboratorial Method of Determining Limit of Yielding of Material

Based on the relation between the incipient yield pressure and the limit of yielding in cylinder according to the elastic disabled rule, a laboratorial method of determining limit of yielding of material is designed and a set of experimental data were gained by the method. The incipient yield pressure of the cylinder is gained by analyzing the experimental data, and then the limit of yielding is gained. The laboratorial method has a good reliability as the experimental value has a little error to the theory value. It has a definite engineering signification and theory value to research the mechanical capability of material and the disabled rule of high pressure vessel.