鸡包涵体肝炎

鸡◇包◇涵◇体◇肝◇炎胡维华刘聚祥（河北农业大学动物科技学院，保定０７１００１）包涵体肝炎（ＩｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎＢｏｄｙＨｅｐａｔｉｔｉｓ，ＩＢＨ）是由禽腺病毒（Ｆｏｗｌａｄｅｎｏｖｉｒｕｓ）引起的以肝脏受害为主，并在肝细胞中形成核内包涵体为特征的传染...     

心包积水-肝炎综合征的研究进展

文章从发病症状、病原学、流行病学、诊断及免疫预防等方面对心包积水-肝炎综合征的研究现状进行阐述,为全面了解该病提供理论依据。     

心包积水-肝炎综合征的研究进展

心包积水——肝炎综合征（HHS）是由血清4型禽腺病毒（FAV4）引起的一种新型家禽疾病。典型症状是3～5周龄肉鸡突然死亡，并伴随有心包积水和肝炎，因此而得名。1987年在巴基斯坦临近卡拉奇的安哥拉首先报道本病，1989年在墨西哥，其后在伊拉克、印度的几个邦、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁、智利、中南美洲、俄罗斯和孟加拉国等国相继发现该病。     

心包积水-肝炎综合征转归的病理学观察

为研究心包积水-肝炎综合征（HHS）的转归,试验采用血清4型禽腺病毒感染4周龄SPF鸡,建立发病率为90%、死亡率为20%的动物模型,观察SPF鸡大体病变并采集肝脏、心脏、脾脏、腺胃、胰腺、肺、肾脏、法氏囊、胸腺、脑、肌肉、小肠、肌胃、食管和气管制作组织病理学切片,检测组织样本中的病毒载量。结果显示：心包积液完全吸收,腺胃出血消失,脾脏轻微肿胀,肝脏仍存在部分黄染和肿胀,组织学检查发现肺脏已完全恢复,肝脏、法氏囊、胸腺、脾脏仍存在组织变性坏死及广泛的炎性细胞浸润;转归期后器官的病毒含量均显著降低（P<0.05）。结果表明HHS的转归为不完全痊愈,对肝脏及免疫器官的功能将造成长期影响。     

心包积水——肝炎综合征的研究进展

1简介心包积水——肝炎综合征(Hydropericardium hepati-tis syndrome,HHS)是由血清4型禽腺病毒(Fowl aden-ovirus serotybe4,FAV4)引起的一种新型家禽疾病。典型症状是3￣5周龄肉鸡突然死亡,并伴随有心包积水和肝炎,因此而得名。1987年在巴基斯坦临近卡拉奇的安哥拉首先报道本     

禽包涵体肝炎——贫血与心包积水综合征的病因与防制

讨论包涵体肝炎—贫血综合征(IBH—AS)和心包积水综合征(Hps)的临诊症状、病理变化及其病因和防制。通常认为IBH—AS 是一种由多种病原包括传染性法氏囊病毒、禽腺病毒和鸡贫血病毒引起的疾病,然而,新的征据表明禽腺病毒是 IBH—AS 的主要病原。HpS 是一种在巴基斯坦传播的新的肉鸡疾病。最近.在美洲爆发了具有IBH—AS 和 HpS 特征的疾病,死亡率较常见的 IBH—AS 高,还观察到一些心包积水的病例。     

鸡包涵体肝炎

鸡包涵体肝炎(IBH),又称传染性贫血、出血综合症。是由禽腺病毒属中的鸡腺病毒引起的一种急性传染病。其特征是幼鸡群死亡率突然增高,病鸡严重贫血,并迅速出现黄疸。剖检可见肝脏肿大、脂肪变性和出血等,肝细胞内出现核内包涵体。 一、历史分布及其危害 鸡包涵体肝炎,首次被Helmbolde和Fyaziex     

黄羽肉鸡心包积水-肝炎综合征的诊断与防控

心包积水-肝炎综合征(Hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome,HHS),是鸡新发一种的危害较大的传染病,近年来在北方一些省份流行。2016年6月,某市一鸡场发生疑似病例,死亡率40%,经病毒分离、PCR诊断及序列测定等方法确认为该病。本次黄羽肉鸡的发病特点为发病急、死亡快,但心胞积液不明显,剖检病变极易与禽流感、新城疫等相混淆,需引起关注,根据发病特点提出鉴别诊断方法,以提高基层对本病的发现能力。     

鸡包涵体肝炎诊断报告

1988年春,某县一些专业户饲养的雏鸡发生一种以衰弱,肝脏大出血、边缘有散在性小坏死灶为特征的疫病。经调查和实验室检查初步诊断为鸡包涵体肝炎(IBH),现报告如下。     

鸡包涵体肝炎的病原检测及病理学观察

2007年和2008年山东某鸡场相继暴发某疫病,为了确定病原和了解患病鸡死亡原因,分别对患病鸡进行了PCR检测、动物回归试验,并同时进行了病理学观察。结果表明,光镜下肝脏严重变性、坏死,肝细胞核内形成嗜酸性或嗜碱性核内包涵体的特征性病变。电镜下也观察到大量呈典型的晶格状排列的禽腺病毒粒子。说明鸡包涵体肝炎过程中,肝脏和肾脏的严重损伤所引起的代谢紊乱,可能是患鸡死亡的直接或间接原因。     

The Hydropericardium Syndrome and Inclusion Body Hepatitis in Domestic Fowl

Hydropericardium syndrome, an emerging disease of poultry, has recently been detected in some countries of Asia and America, particularly in broiler birds aged 3–6 weeks. The disease is characterized by its sudden occurrence with high mortality of up to 80% in broilers and low mortality of under 10% in layers, associated with hydropericardium. Its course is of 7–15 days under natural conditions. The causative agent is probably fowl adenovirus serotype 4, belonging to group I aviadenovirus genus of the family adenoviridae, which can be cultivated in primary cell cultures of chicken kidney and embryo liver cells. The transmission of disease occurs laterally by the oral–faecal route. The livers of affected birds show necrotic foci, and basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies fill the entire enlarged nucleus of some of the hepatocytes. The disease can be diagnosed from its gross lesions, histopathological changes in the liver and by serological tests, such as agar gel diffusion, counter immunoelectrophoresis, indirect haemagglutination and ELISA. It has been brought under control by inactivated liver organ vaccines (0.25 ml/bird) or inactivated cell culture vaccines (10^3.5 LD₅₀/bird) given by the subcutaneous route at 10–15 days of age. The vaccine is effective in the face of an outbreak and significantly reduces the mortality.     

Research Progress on Chicken Common Immunosuppressive Diseases

Chicken immunosuppressive diseases can not only make chicken immunity decline,seriously affect the growth,and also cause some other vaccine failure and have great effects on the chicken breeding.The reasons causing immunosuppression are varies,including viral factor,chemical factor,irritability factor,nutrition factor and so on,of which the viral factor occupies the important position.This paper summarized the progress of etiology characteristics,virus detection and prevention of several common viral immunosuppressive diseases on chicken,so as to provide certain reference for research,prevention and treatment of these diseases.     

鸡常见免疫抑制性疾病研究进展

鸡的免疫抑制性疾病不仅引起鸡自身免疫功能低下,严重影响生长发育,还会造成疫苗的免疫失败,对鸡的养殖造成严重危害。引起免疫抑制的原因很多,包括病毒性的、化学性的、应激性的、营养性的等,其中病毒性因素占据了重要地位。作者对几种常见的鸡病毒性免疫抑制疾病的病原学特征、病毒检测及疾病防制的研究进展进行简要概述,以期为这些疾病的研究及防制提供一定参考。     

Erythrocytic Inclusion Body Syndrome (EIBS) Infection of Chinook Salmon in Idaho

Abstract

Intracytoplasmic inclusions (0.8–2.0 μm in diameter) were detected in erythrocytes of yearling chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha from the Rapid River Hatchery in central Idaho. Virions with a mean diameter of 74 nm were found both free and within membrane-bound vacuoles in the cytoplasm of erythrocytes. Clinical signs of affected fish included anemia, hypoproteinemia, splenomegaly, hemosiderin deposits in the spleen, and concurrent saprolegniosis. Low water temperatures may have been responsible for the reduction in mortality rate and the extended infection period observed during the winter. Attempts at demonstrating horizontal transmission and identifying a source of infection were unsuccessful. This is the first report of erythrocytic inclusion body syndrome (EIBS) among salmonid fish in Idaho.     

Epizootics of Erythrocytic Inclusion Body Syndrome in Coho Salmon Cultured in Seawater in Japan

Abstract

Epizootics attributable to erythrocyytc inclusion body syndrome (EIBS) occurred among populations of coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch cultured in seawater in Japan. Onset of the disease was correlated with water temperatures declining to below 10°C. Symptoms of EIBS were severe anemia with hematocrits of less than 20% and corresponding changes in erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin concentration, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. Erythrocytes had characteristic inclusion bodies that contained enveloped viral particles with a diameter of approximately 77 nm. The disease was reproduced in artificially induced infections.     

鸡羽色性状基因定位的研究进展

随着全基因扫描、QTL定位及比较基因组技术的进步,鸡羽色基因定位的研究取得了一定的进展。目前,7个羽色遗传座位已经完成基因定位,包括黑素皮质素受体1(melanocortin 1 receptors,MC1R)、细胞周期依赖性激酶抑制剂2A(cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A,CDKN2A)、水溶载体45家族第2成员(solute carrier family 45 member 2,SLC45A2)、PMEL17、酪氨酸酶基因、SOX10及melanophilin基因。尽管一些羽色基因仍有待进一步研究,如哥伦比亚羽座位、隐性黑羽座位及铅笔线样式座位,但分子生物学技术在羽色基因定位及遗传分析中可显示出强大的威力。相继发现的羽色基因型揭示羽色遗传是一个复杂过程,既涉及到单个基因功能的获得与缺失,也涉及到多个基因互相作用。羽毛颜色是一种重要的经济性状,作者就羽色形成机理及相关基因定位作一综述。     

鸡部分质量性状的研究进展

鸡的质量性状不仅是品种或种群独有的代表特征,还通常被作为品种的标签性状.随着社会的进步与经济的发展,质量性状越来越受到重视,在我国的养鸡业中起着巨大的作用,如特色性状的建设,尤其是地方特色品种的保护与开发等.文章对鸡的蛋壳颜色种类、羽色、肤色、胫色、趾数、冠型这六个质量性状进行综述,旨在为提高鸡质量性状的经济性研究提供...     

鸡传染性鼻炎疫苗研究进展

鸡传染性鼻炎(infectious coryza,IC)是由副鸡禽杆菌感染鸡群引起的一种上呼吸道传染病。随着国内养殖环境的改变,该病的防控形势变得更加严峻。目前疫苗防疫是防控IC的主要手段。现有的IC灭活疫苗在防疫IC上有使用方便的优势,但也存在应激大、效果差等不足。对IC目前的常用疫苗、未来疫苗的发展,以及IC防疫策略进行阐述,以期为更好地防控该病提供参考。     

鸡腺胃炎病因学研究进展

鸡腺胃炎以鸡采食量下降、生长阻滞、腺胃肿大、拉料便等为主要特征,一旦发病治疗效果不明显,给养鸡业带来了极大的经济损失。该病病因复杂,众说纷纭,具体病因尚无定论。本文就其临床表现、流行特点、组织病理学变化及国内外有关该病主要病因学的研究进展进行阐述,为临床上防治该病提供理论依据。