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油棉套种两熟制,是长江流域棉区普遍实行的种植制度。长期以来,虽然油棉单产不断提高,但棉田整体经济效益并不显著。为了提高棉田的总体收益,近几年来,在油棉两熟的基础上正向一年三熟发展。即由油棉两熟改为油棉豆三熟。1 效益分析1.1 社会效益长江流域棉区,棉田面积正逐年减少,市场对大豆的需求日益增加,致使豆棉争地矛盾日渐突出。棉田间作大豆,能做到豆棉兼顾、一地两用,从而缓解了豆棉争地的矛盾。另一方面,随着棉区劳动力的转移,劳动力相对紧缺,也促使棉农弃棉种豆。间作大豆的棉田,由于采取单行种植,操作管理方便,省工省时,工效高,… 相似文献
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我省粮棉两熟制的演进与探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
80年代以来,随着农业科学技术的进步和生产责任制的实行,棉区两熟制迅速地发展和深化,我省棉田耕作改制的重点由春棉一熟制转向粮(油)棉两熟制,同时,加快了两熟制及其双高产配套技术的研究和应用。 相似文献
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当前我县一熟制棉田占80%左右,经济收入低。为了提高棉田经济效益,近年来棉田种植正由传统的一年一熟制向棉粮、棉油、棉菜等两熟制发展,特别是随着我县西瓜面积的迅速扩大,1982年开始出现了西瓜棉花间作两熟的种植方式,经济效益获得了 相似文献
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棉油(油菜)两熟双移栽是发展我省棉油生产,提高产量品质的好耕作制度之一。1989年彭泽县棉油套栽面积占总棉田面积80%以上,其他棉区棉油两熟双移栽也在不断扩大。为适应我省广大棉区特别是水改旱新植棉区发展棉、油连作两熟双移栽的生产技术需要,夺取亩产皮棉100kg以上,亩产油菜籽150kg以上的双高产大丰收,笔者根据 相似文献
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我省沿江棉田面积130万亩左右,约占全省棉田总面积的1/3。麦(油)棉两热套种面积约占90%以上,且套种方式较多。由于粮棉常年套种,土壤有机质逐年消耗得不到补充,土地也不能深翻熟化,造成土壤板结,肥力降低, 相似文献
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南方两熟棉区地膜棉,主要分布在江苏、浙江两省沿海棉区;湖北省的鄂北岗地;四川省的丘陵棉区以及安徽省的淮北地区等。耕作制度系属粮棉两熟地区(部分一熟棉田),其种植方式主要有棉麦(大、小麦),棉油(油菜),棉豆(蚕豆)等。南方两熟棉区地膜棉虽然起步较迟,但发展比较 相似文献
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针对黑龙江省西部地区盐碱地水稻种植过程中存在的有效分蘖少、有效穗数少、产量低、化肥对土壤二次污染等问题,于2019年在黑龙江省泰来县盐碱地水稻生产中进行添加微生物菌剂、纳米硅肥和传统施肥的对比试验,通过调查水稻产量性状、土壤理化性质及微生物含量,明确其增产效果及土壤改良效果。结果表明,添加微生物菌剂和纳米硅肥显著提高盐碱地水稻分蘖数、叶绿素值、叶面积、根长、千粒重、有效穗数、穗粒数及产量,同时改善了土壤的理化性质及微生物含量。试验结果为盐碱地水稻肥料的施用提供了一个新的思路,为盐碱地水稻高产奠定了一定的研究基础。 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):139-163
Summary Plants take up P from soil solution, so water-soluble P fertilizers are generally more effective than poorly soluble forms. The original sources of P used for agriculture were poorly soluble materials, including manures, bones, guano and phosphate rock. In contrast, highly soluble monocalcium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate are the major compounds present in modern, manufactured solid fertilizers containing water-soluble P. This paper describes how the water-soluble P fertilizers are made, the dissolution of P in the granules of the fertilizers, the reactions of the fertilizer solution with the soil as P moves out of the granule into the soil, the agronomic effectiveness of the fertilizer in the year of application, and in the years after application (residual value). 相似文献
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有机肥、无机肥与微肥配施对色素辣椒生长发育及产量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在大田条件下,采用L_(25)(5~6)正交试验设计,研究山西石灰性褐土在追施150 kg/hm~2尿素的基础上,有机肥、无机磷、钾肥与微肥配施对色素辣椒品种‘临猗大板椒'生长发育与产量的影响.结果表明:有机肥、无机肥与微肥合理配施极显著改善了色素辣椒植株的形态,增大了茎粗和叶面积,为色素辣椒的高产奠定了物质基础;在本试验条件下使色素辣椒高产的最佳肥料配比分别为膨化鸡粪25 020 kg/hm~2、过磷酸钙900 kg/hm~2、硫酸钾390 kg/hm~2、硫酸锌30.0 kg/hm~2、硼砂6.0 kg/hm~2. 相似文献
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《Field Crops Research》2001,70(1):43-53
In a series of legume-based cropping systems experiments, the economic optimum N fertiliser rate for cotton ranged from 0 to 186 kg N ha−1 depending on the cropping system and soil N fertility. The economic optimum N fertiliser rate was closely correlated with pre-sowing soil nitrate-N (0–30 cm) and petiole nitrate-N (at early flowering). Pre-sowing soil nitrate-N and petiole nitrate-N were also strongly correlated with cotton N uptake at late boll-filling and lint yield of unfertilised cotton.These analyses allow for the estimation of the N fertiliser requirement, providing revised calibrations that more precisely estimate the N-fertiliser requirement of irrigated cotton crops where legume cropping has substantially improved soil N fertility. Such management tools are essential to avoid the problems associated with over- or under-fertilizing cotton crops.The importance of optimising N fertiliser application was demonstrated by examining the effects of crop N nutrition on cotton maturity and fibre quality. Crop maturity (rate of boll opening) was delayed by 1 day for each 83, 16 or 24 kg fertiliser N applied per hectare in the three experiments. Increasing N fertiliser rates generally increased fibre length, and tended to increase fibre strength, whereas micronaire tended to decline. 相似文献
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