IGFBP-3基因PCR-RFLP多态性与中国荷斯坦牛泌乳性状的相关分析

以胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白3(IGFBP-3)基因作为中国荷斯坦牛部分泌乳性状的候选基因,在对61头中国荷斯坦牛进行PC R-R FLP分析的基础上,对中国荷斯坦牛群体中IGFBP-3基因座多态性与泌乳性状进行相关分析。结果表明:IGFBP-3基因座对产奶量、乳蛋白率和体细胞评分的影响显著(P<0.05),IGFBP-3 BB型个体的305 d产乳量显著(P<0.05)高于AA型和AB型,BB型个体的乳蛋白率和体细胞评分显著(P<0.05)低于AB型。     

牛科物种类胰岛素生长因子结合蛋白3的研究进展

类胰岛素生长因子结合蛋白3(IGFBP-3)是调控类胰岛素生长因子(IGFs)的一个重要的蛋白,它可以调节IGFs与其受体的结合能力,从而影响IGFs的生物活性。IGFBP-3的作用分为IGF依赖性和IGF非依赖性两种类型。越来越多的研究结果揭示IGFBP-3在生物体内作用的复杂性。文章综述了IGFBP-3与IGFs之间的相互作用机制、IGFBP-3基因的结构、IGFBP-3的多态性及其对泌乳、后躯发育等性状的影响。     

藏猪与杜洛克猪血液中胰岛素样生长因子-1、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3含量差异研究

为了解国内、外两类猪种肌肉生长发育及血清中相关细胞因子含量差异,以我国特有的藏猪和国外杜洛克猪作为研究对象,采用酶联免疫分析法(ELISA)测定6月龄藏猪、杜洛克猪血清中胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3(IGFBP-3)的含量及肌纤维面积(CSA)。结果显示:藏猪血清中IGF-1含量及CSA均极显著低于杜洛克猪(P0.01),IGFBP-3含量极显著高于杜洛克猪(P0.01);CSA与IGF-1含量间呈极显著正相关,与IGFBP-3间呈极显著负相关,说明IGF-1对猪背最长肌生长发育有促进作用,而IGFBP-3可能有抑制作用。     

胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白3和胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白5基因在内蒙古白绒山羊皮肤中的表达研究

本研究旨在探明胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白(insulin-like growth factor-binding protein,IGFBP)在内蒙古白绒山羊绒毛发育的不同生长阶段皮肤组织中的表达变化情况。试验采用实时荧光定量PCR技术,对内蒙古白绒山羊绒毛生长发育的各个时期皮肤中IGFBP-1~IGFBP-6基因的表达进行了测定,并通过埋植褪黑素组改变绒毛生长周期的研究,来鉴定IGFBP-1~IGFBP-6基因中高表达的结合蛋白的作用。结果表明,IGFBP-3和IGFBP-5在绒山羊绒毛生长发育的各个时期的皮肤组织中均有表达,但是IGFBP-5的表达相对于IGFBP-3的表达具有很强的规律性。结果提示,在内蒙古白绒山羊的绒毛发育过程中,IGFBP-5可能是一个主要的调控因子。     

胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-2基因研究进展

胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-2(IGFBP-2)是IGFBPs家族的重要成员,其具有很多生物学功能。本文介绍IGFBP-2基因的定位、结构、生物学功能以及IGFBP-2的表达、多态及遗传效应研究。     

猪胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1基因研究进展

胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白(Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins,IGF BPs)在调节胰岛素样生长因子(Insulin-likeGrowth Factor,IGF)生理效应中起重要作用,此外,还可以发挥独立于IGF分子网络的作用。IGFBP-1在多种组织和体液中表达,参与机体生长、发育、生殖及血糖等生理过程。本文综述了IGFBP-1的基因定位、结构、作用机制,以及在猪上的研究进展。     

小鼠IGFBP-6基因shRNA的设计与筛选

胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白6(IGFBP-6)是胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白家族(IGFBPs)的一员,IGFBP 6不同于IGFBP1 5,其与IGF-2的亲和力显著的优先于IGF-1,受到研究者的广泛关注.本研究在小鼠IGFBP-6基因mRNA的806、760和908 bp处找到潜在靶位点,设计3条shRNA干扰载体,并合成DNA Oligo,体外退火成双链DNA,插入pGU6/GFP/Neo载体,获得3条针对目的基因不同靶序列的干扰载体,瞬时转染NIH-3T3小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞48 h后,利用流式细胞技术分选收集转染重组载体的细胞,提取细胞总RNA和蛋白质,实时荧光定量PCR和酶联免疫吸附法分别检测目的基因mRNA水平,蛋白水平对IGFBP-6的表达.结果表明,IGFBP-6(IGFBP-6,806-826)表现出了最高的干扰效率,转染效率为(79.2±2.3)％时,mRNA水平的沉默效率达(68.9±12.2)％,(P＜0.05);蛋白质水平的沉默效率达(46.7±11.3)％,(P＜0.05).本试验为研究IGFBP-6基因对细胞增殖的作用和体内生物学功能奠定了基础.     

猪血清中肌肉生长相关细胞因子含量的发育性变化研究

采用ELISA方法检测了3个不同体重(90、110、130 kg)的川藏黑猪和DLY猪血清中生长激素(GH)、生长激素释放激素(GHRH)、胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)和胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3(ICFBP-3)4种细胞因子的含量变化,并分析了其与肌纤维面积(CSA)和肌内脂肪(IMF)含量的关系。结果表明:川藏黑猪和DLY猪血清中GH、GHRH、IGF-1和IGFBP-3含量在同品种不同体重间无显著差异(P0.05);在不同猪种间,除110 kg体重GHRH、IGFBP-3含量差异不显著外(P0.05),川藏黑猪的GH、GHRH和IGFBP-3含量均显著低于DLY猪(P0.05),而IGF-1水平在90、130 kg体重差异不显著,在110 kg体重极显著低于DLY猪(P0.01)。相关性分析表明,猪血清中GH、GHRH、IGF-1和IGFBP-3含量均与肌内脂肪含量呈显著负相关(P0.05);除IGFBP-3外,其余3种细胞因子均与肌纤维面积均呈显著正相关(P0.05)。结果显示,这4种细胞因子可能通过血液对猪肌纤维生长和肌内脂肪沉积进行调控。     

胰岛素样生长因子1对雌性动物生殖系统的影响

胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)包括胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)及其受体(IGF-1R)、胰岛素样生长因子2(IGF-2)及其受体(IGF-2R)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白(IGFBPs)及胰岛素样生长因子蛋白酶。胰岛素样生长因子是一种单链多肽,其结构与前胰岛素相似。胰岛素样生长因子1及胰岛素样生长因子     

鸡IGFBP-2基因的遗传多态性及其遗传效应分析

采用PCR-SSCP方法检测京海黄鸡、AA鸡、尤溪麻鸡、边鸡4个鸡品种胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白2(IGFBP-2)第2内含子部分序列和第3外显子的多态性,并分析其对京海黄鸡生长和繁殖性能的遗传效应。结果表明:在该区域中,共检测到4个等位基因,10种基因型。χ2检验结果表明,除边鸡外其余3个品种群体在该座位均达到Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P>0.05)。关联分析结果显示,除开产蛋重和12周龄体重外,其他生长和繁殖性状在不同基因型间均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。因此,推测IGFBP-2基因对个体的生长和繁殖性能有一定影响,将IGFBP-2基因应用于鸡育种过程中的标记辅助选择可以加快鸡的育种进程。     

Expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3, and the effects of IGFBP-2 and -3 in the bovine corpus luteum.

The present study was conducted to gain insight into the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in the bovine corpus luteum (CL). Specific aims were to measure the levels of IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and RNA encoding IGFBP-3 in the CL throughout diestrus, and to investigate the effects of IGFBP-2 and -3 on IGF-I-stimulated progesterone (P4) production and IGF-I-receptor binding. Bovine CL were collected from a local abattoir and classified according to stage of diestrus based on anatomical characteristics. Corpora lutea from early, mid and late diestrus were each analyzed for the presence of IGFBP-3 by ligand blot analysis, and for RNA encoding IGFBP-3 by Northern blot analysis. Dissociated cells from mid-cycle CL were treated with IGF-I, IGFBP-2 or -3, or a combination of IGF-I and IGFBP-2 or -3. The effect of IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 on [(125)I] IGF-I binding to its receptor on CL plasma membranes also was investigated. IGFBP-3 protein and RNA expression were higher in early CL, compared to mid or late CL (p < 0.05). IGF-I stimulated P4 production in a dose-dependant manner (p < 0.05). IGFBP-2 and -3 blocked the stimulatory effect of IGF-I on P4 production (p < 0.05). Both IGFBP-2 and -3 inhibited [(125)I]-IGF-I binding to its receptor in a dose-dependant manner. These results demonstrate that IGFBP-3 protein and RNA are expressed predominantly during early diestrus in the bovine CL. Moreover, both IGFBP-2 and -3 can modulate IGF-I actions in the CL by interfering with binding of IGF-I to its receptor.     

Identification of IGF binding proteins in bovine milk and the demonstration of IGFBP-3 synthesis and release by bovine mammary epithelial cells.

Insulin-like growth factor system components are synthesized and secreted by mammary epithelial cells and multiple IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) are found in milk of various species. This study was conducted to identify the IGFBP in bovine milk, to compare them with those found in blood, and to identify the cell(s) responsible for mammary IGFBP synthesis. Bovine blood, milk, and cell culture-conditioned media were analyzed and characterized with Western ligand blot procedures for specific IGFBP. Electrophoresis and [125I]IGF-II ligand blot analyses of the samples indicated that, unlike serum and mammary primary cell culture-conditioned media, milk required removal of casein in order to accurately disclose all IGFBP. Immunoprecipitation studies identified IGFBP-2, -3, -4, and -5 in blood, milk, and primary cell culture conditioned media. The IGFBP were present at higher concentrations in serum than in milk, and milk concentrations were greater than that shown in conditioned media from primary cultures of bovine mammary cells. Northern analysis detected IGFBP-3 messenger RNA in extracts from fresh tissue and cells in culture, and in situ hybridization studies with fresh tissue utilizing probes for IGFBP-3 and alphaS1-casein showed that the mRNA for IGFBP-3 is predominant in the secretory epithelial cells, when compared to other tissue cell types.     

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3: its biological effect on bovine granulosa cells

This study was aimed at testing the hypothesis that insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 can modulate hormone-dependent differentiation of granulosa cells in vitro. Granulosa cells from small (1 to 5 mm) follicles were collected from cattle, cultured for 2 d in medium containing 10% fetal calf serum, washed, and then treated for an additional 2 d in serum-free medium with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (50 ng/ml), recombinant human IGF-I (0, 1.3, 4.0, or 13.3 nM), or recombinant human IGFBP-3 (0 to 4.26 nM). In one series of experiments, IGFBP-3 (0.53 and 2.13 nM) inhibited (51% to 92% decreases; P < 0.05) progesterone and estradiol production induced by 1.3 nM of IGF-I, but did not influence (P > 0.10) granulosa cell numbers or steroidogenesis in the absence of IGF-I. Only 4.26 nM of IGFBP-3 inhibited (by 35%) the increase in granulosa cell numbers induced by 1.3 nM of IGF-I. In another series of experiments, 13.3 nM of IGF-I, but not 4.0 nM of IGF-I, was able to completely overcome the inhibitory effect of 4.26 nM of IGFBP-3 on estradiol production. The increase in cell numbers induced by 4.0 and 13.3 nM of IGF-I was attenuated (P < 0.001) by 4.26 nM of IGFBP-3. In a third series of experiments, IGFBP-3 inhibited 125I-IGF-I binding to granulosa cells. These results indicate that IGFBP-3 has a pronounced inhibitory effect on IGF-I action in cultured bovine granulosa cells, and that this inhibitory effect is likely attributable to IGFBP-3 binding/sequestering IGF-I. Thus, IGFBP-3 may play a significant role in regulating granulosa cell proliferation and steroidogenesis during follicular development in cattle.     

Colostral and milk insulin-like growth factors and related substances: mammary gland and neonatal (intestinal and systemic) targets

The identification of hormones and regulatory factors in colostrum and milk has led to intensive investigations on their roles in the development and maintenance of the mammary and neonatal tissues. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in transgenic mice influence mammary biology gland towards the end of lactation. In the bovine, IGFBP-3 is the major IGFBP in mammary secretions. In addition to binding IGFs, IGFBP-3 also binds to lactoferrin (Lf). Secreted IGFBP-3 re-enters mammary epithelial cells and with the presence of a nuclear localization sequence, IGFBP-3 and Lf enter the nucleus. Nuclear IGFBP-3 affects apoptotic signaling through the retinoic-x-receptors, while Lf affects apoptotic events through unknown mechanisms. Such interactions likely influence mammary development and involution. Furthermore, ingested colostral bioactive factors can exert regulatory functions in neonates. Intestinal receptors for IGFs and insulin are modified by age and/or diet. Feeding IGF-I had no effect, but colostrum extracts had small intestinal effects (stimulation of proliferation and villus size), suggesting that several factors, rather than one single bioactive factor were responsible. Systemic changes of metabolic and endocrine profiles in neonates depend on composition, amounts, time and duration of feeding colostrum. Early postnatal colostrum intake is not only important for the provision and absorption of immunoglobulins. Thus, in neonatal calves the lack of colostrum intake during the first 24h after birth results in a low immunoglobulin G, beta-carotene and Vitamin A status that persists for weeks and plasma patterns of fatty acids, essential amino acids and the glutamine/glutamate ratios are affected. In calves oral administration of IGF-I had no and feeding of colostrum whey extracts had only minor effects on metabolic and endocrine traits. Thus, mammary secretions influence regulatory functions of mammary and neonatal tissues.     

Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins initiate cell death and extracellular matrix remodeling in the mammary gland

We have demonstrated that insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) production by mammary epithelial cells increases dramatically during forced involution of the mammary gland in rats, mice and pigs. We proposed that growth hormone (GH) increases the survival factor IGF-I, whilst prolactin (PRL) enhances the effects of GH by decreasing the concentration of IGFBP-5, which would otherwise inhibit the actions of IGFs. To demonstrate a causal relationship between IGFBP-5 and cell death, we created transgenic mice expressing IGFBP-5, specifically, in the mammary gland. DNA content in the mammary glands of transgenic mice was decreased as early as day 10 of pregnancy. Mammary cell number and milk synthesis were both decreased by approximately 50% during the first 10 days of lactation. The concentrations of the pro-apoptotic molecule caspase-3 was increased in transgenic animals whilst the concentrations of two pro-survival molecules Bcl-2 and Bcl-x were both decreased. In order to examine whether IGFBP-5 acts by inhibiting the survival effect of IGF-I, we examined IGF receptor- and Akt-phoshorylation and showed that both were inhibited. These studies also indicated that the effects of IGFBP-5 could be mediated in part by IGF-independent effects involving potential interactions with components of the extracellular matrix involved in tissue remodeling, such as components of the plasminogen system, and the matrix metallo-proteinases (MMPs). Mammary development was normalised in transgenic mice by R3-IGF-I, an analogue of IGF-I which binds weakly to IGFBPs, although milk production was only partially restored. In contrast, treatment with prolactin was able to inhibit early involutionary processes in normal mice but was unable to prevent this in mice over-expressing IGFBP-5, although it was able to inhibit activation of MMPs. Thus, IGFBP-5 can simultaneously inhibit IGF action and activate the plasminogen system thereby coordinating cell death and tissue remodeling processes. The ability to separate these properties, using mutant IGFBPs, is currently under investigation.     

中国荷斯坦牛PIK3CB基因多态性及其与繁殖和产奶性状的关联分析

【目的】 探究磷脂酰肌醇-4,5-二磷酸3-激酶催化亚单位β（PIK3CB）基因多态性及其与中国荷斯坦牛繁殖和产奶性状的关系。【方法】 通过混池测序对中国荷斯坦牛PIK3CB基因进行单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点筛选,采用竞争性等位基因特异性PCR （KASP）技术在1 160头健康泌乳中国荷斯坦牛中进行SNP分型并进行群体遗传学分析,采用线性模型进行SNP与11个繁殖和产奶性状基于单位点和单倍型组合的关联分析。【结果】 在PIK3CB基因中共检测到了17个SNPs,筛选出7个SNPs用于后续分析。关联分析发现,7个SNPs与多个目标性状存在显著或极显著的关联（P<0.05;P<0.01）;位于外显子区域的g.130433743 A>G位点AA基因型个体和位于可变剪接区域的g.130448069 G>A位点GG基因型个体,其经产牛首末次配种间隔、产奶量、乳蛋白量和乳脂量最低,体细胞评分最高,上述基因型个体具有较短的首末次配种间隔,而产奶性能相对较差;g.130387717 G>A位点AA基因型个体,其初配日龄和青年牛首末次配种间隔最低,产奶量、乳蛋白量和乳脂量最高,该基因型个体的繁殖和产奶性能均较好,上述3个SNPs位点可作为中国荷斯坦牛繁殖和产奶性状的候选位点重点关注。单倍型分析发现,PIK3CB基因的g.130387717 G>A、g.130430832 A>－、g.130433743 A>G、g.130433982 C>T、g.130446073 C>T和g.130448069 G>A 6个SNPs紧密连锁形成一个单倍型块,且与多个目标性状存在显著或极显著关联（P<0.05;P<0.01）,其中H2H3和H2H4单倍型组合个体的繁殖和产奶性能较好,为优势单倍型组合。【结论】 中国荷斯坦牛PIK3CB基因存在丰富的遗传变异,其多态性与繁殖和产奶性状存在关联,g.130433743 A>G、g.130448069 G>A和g.130387717 G>A位点可作为潜在分子标记,为中国荷斯坦牛的平衡育种提供理论依据。     

河北省中国荷斯坦牛产奶和体型性状遗传参数分析

旨在探究河北省中国荷斯坦牛产奶和体型性状的遗传参数,为育种提供参考.本研究收集了2012-2018年河北省133个牛场8 891头中国荷斯坦母牛第一胎次的3个产奶性状记录(产奶量、乳脂率和乳蛋白率)和26个体型性状记录,利用DMU软件,以场年季、产犊月龄、鉴定年季和鉴定员效应为固定效应,以个体的加性遗传效应为随机效应,...