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ISSR标记在坛紫菜不同色泽丝状体种质鉴定中的应用 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:13
ISSR标记在坛紫菜不同色泽丝状体种质鉴定中的应用=Application of ISSR markers in germplasm identification of different color’s Porphyra haitanensis filament strains[刊,中]/谢潮添(集美大学水产学院,厦门361021),纪德华,陈昌生,徐燕,张元//水产学报,—2007,31(1).-105~111
用ISSR分子标记技术对4个不同色泽坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)丝状体品系(分别为桔黄色,褐绿色,棕红色和紫色)及1个野生型对照丝状体品系(褐红色)进行了遗传分析,共筛选出11条引物,PCR反应得到了129个扩增位点,多态位点比率达88.4%,有效等位基因数为1.6369,期望杂合度为0.3609,Shannon多样性指数为0.5265;根据Nei方法计算了这5个坛紫菜丝状体品系间的遗传相似性系数和遗传距离,结果发现4个不同色泽丝状体间的平均遗传距离为0.5727,它们同野生型对照的平均遗传距离为0.6564,同时应用UPMGA法对它们进行了聚类分析。最后应用引物812扩增的4个多态性位点构建了这5个不同坛紫菜丝状体的DNA指纹图谱,使每一品系都具有独特的DNA指纹,并将其转化成了计算机可以识别的数码指纹,可以方便地应用于坛紫菜丝状体的种质鉴定中。结果表明ISSR分子标记技术可以作为坛紫菜丝状体种质鉴定的有效技术手段,提供快捷、准确的鉴定结果。图3表5参24
关键词:坛紫菜; ISSR标记; 遗传分析; 种质鉴定
E-mail: cschen@jmu.edu.cn 相似文献
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文章利用68对微卫星引物对坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)、半叶紫菜(P.katadai)、条斑紫菜(P.yezoensis)、少精紫菜(P.oligospermatangia)和皱紫菜(P.crispata)5个紫菜属物种的丝状体进行初步的遗传分析,共筛选出20对高多态性适用引物,在10份紫菜丝状体样品扩增位点的多态性比例为95.24%,每对引物可扩增的等位基因位点数为1.22~4.05,平均为2.37;各样品之间的遗传多样性指数为0.254 6~0.899 4;不同物种的遗传距离为0.106 0~1.406 6,同一物种的丝状体材料优先聚类为一支,表明筛选出的微卫星引物具有良好的遗传分辨能力。 相似文献
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紫菜属海藻色素突变的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
使用化学诱变剂MNNG(N-甲基-N’-硝基-N-亚硝基胍)对条斑紫菜、坛紫菜、少精紫菜和华北半叶紫菜的叶状体、丝状体和壳孢子进行诱变,研究与分析了紫菜属海藻色素突变的发生与表达。结果显示,在合适的诱变剂量范围内,紫菜各生长阶段藻体均发生较高的突变率,但突变的表达特征不同。叶状体以细胞为单位发生点状突变,突变细胞的生长形成了各种突变斑块的无序镶嵌,显示单倍体细胞的致变结果。经诱变的丝状体虽表现较低的突变率,然而诱变引发的突变却主要在后代叶状体中表达,显示为二倍体细胞的突变表达规律。壳孢子突变随萌发个体的细胞分裂被立即表达,显示细胞倍性发生变化的遗传特征。本文还讨论了色素突变表达规律显示的减数分裂过程及其对藻体形态建成的影响。 相似文献
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水硬度对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼发育的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用不同硬度的水对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼进行饲养。6周龄幼鱼在硬度为7.94°dH±0.30°dH时饲养84d后,比在硬度为14.71°dH±0.23°dH水中的幼鱼个体大,生长速度快。表明较高硬度的水有利于七彩神仙鱼幼鱼的生长发育。 相似文献
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The variation of virulence of Renibacterium salmoninarum , the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) in salmonid fish, was studied by infecting rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), with two isolates (strains 325 and 932) from diseased Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and one isolate (strain 4366) from an apparently healthy Atlantic salmon. Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), were injected with the strain 932 to estimate difference in fish species resistance. Fish were removed by random sampling for other study purposes, a study design possible with analysis of lifetime distributions incorporating both sampling-, death- and survival-times. At the end of the experiment, the rainbow trout infected with strains 325, 932 and 4366 had a survival probability of 33%, 51% and 72%, respectively. The coho salmon infected with strain 932 had a 26% survival probability. The strain differences were significant according to the log-rank test, and the risk ratio between the strains ranged from 1·8 to 5·4. The strain from the apparently healthy fish was least virulent. The survival of the fish species was different over time. Rainbow trout were more likely to die early in the time course, but high numbers of coho died later, resulting in an overall risk of mortality of 1·4 in favour of rainbow trout. Differences in virulence may reflect changed selective pressure on R. salmoninarum when introduced from feral stocks into the environment of fish farms. 相似文献
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《水生生物资源》2003,16(5):461-465
Anti-proteinase activity was demonstrated in the seminal plasma of cyprinid fish species (bream, chub, ide, dace, asp, goldfish, roach, common carp) using electrophoretic techniques combined with a detection method based on inhibition of bovine trypsin. We found species-specific protease inhibitors in the seminal plasma of cyprinids. At least three bands of protease inhibitors with different migration rates could be identified by native PAGE. Higher variability was characterized for bands with slower migration rates. Visualization of inhibitors after SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions allowed estimation of their molecular weights. Apparent molecular weights were within the range of 51–59 and 47–54 kDa for the bands with slower and moderate migration rates, respectively. The molecular weight of fast migration bands for roach and common carp were estimated to 23 and 30 kDa, respectively. Inhibitors of common carp seminal plasma differed in their affinity toward serine proteases. Three inhibitors in common carp seminal plasma could be visualized using cod and bovine trypsin, but only two inhibitors (of high molecular weight) were recognized with chymotrypsin. There were differences in anti-proteinase activity and seminal plasma protein concentration in relation to the origin of common carp seminal plasma (breeding lines) and time of milt collection (spawning vs. post-spawning season). 相似文献
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该研究通过肉眼观察、镜检,进行干露、饥饿、盐度突降、福尔马林等抗性试验,并采用病毒检测等方法,以期建立评估斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)虾苗活力和质量标准。结果表明,斑节对虾健康虾苗具有趋光性、集群性,体表光洁,肌肉透亮,肠胃食物充盈等特性。测试虾苗干露时间以15min为宜,健康虾苗干露后能立即恢复活力,而病弱虾苗多出现死亡、昏迷现象;虾苗的成活率随饥饿时间的延长而降低,随福尔马林浓度升高和时间延长而降低,随盐度突降幅度增加而降低。健康虾苗能忍受100~200μL·L^-1福尔马林溶液30min,成活率近100%;在盐度20~30下虾苗的成活情况较好,而其在淡水中仅能存活1h。对虾苗进行病毒检测,可以避免养殖中因虾苗携带病毒而可能导致的病毒性疾病的暴发。 相似文献
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鳟鱼发眼卵和旨种运输是养鳟生产的重要环节。发眼卵多在冬季和早春运输,苗种多在晚春和夏季运输。苗种运输大多以鱼篓充氧进行短距离汽车运输,长途运输冷水性鱼苗种的实例很少。本文总结了金鳟和虹鳟苗种长途运输方法,以期与养鳟业界共同交流提高。一、包装材料和方法内包装材料是苗种运输专用塑料袋,规格54×104cm,外包装是泡沫塑料箱,规格63.5×45.5×30.5cm,纸箱规格64×46×32.5cm。塑料袋采取双层式,内装苗种和水共12.5kg,其中苗种0.5-1.3kg,100-2000尾。起运前苗种停食1-2天。运鱼用水水温调至6℃,鱼、水入袋后袋内… 相似文献
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该研究选取具有多态性的6对微卫星引物对构建的2批合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)完全双列杂交家系的遗传多样性进行了分析。6个微卫星标记在9个家系360个个体中共检测到32个等位基因,有效等位基因(Ne)为1.758 7~3.586 5,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.144 4~0.488 9,期望杂合度(He)为0.432 0~0.722 2,Shannon指数(I)为0.691 9~1.507 4。9个家系都有单态位点,平均Ho为0.129 2~0.466 7,平均He为0.155 0~0.439 6,平均I为0.248 5~0.712 2。有19个位点(占35.19%)极显著地偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡。各家系之间的遗传距离为0.109 0~1.137 2,遗传相似性系数为0.320 7~0.896 8。家系L4B46与L4B48的遗传距离最大,与D3D313的遗传距离最小。UPGMA法聚类分析显示,9个家系分为3支,L4B48单独成一支,B4D426、B4D427与D4B445聚成一支,其余家系聚成一支。该研究结果为合浦珠母贝家系选择育种的亲本选择与交配设计提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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猪的胎盘属于弥散型胎盘,这种胎盘的结构特点和饲养管理的不当,常常导致母猪胎衣不下发生,给生猪的生产繁殖带来极大损失。本文针对母猪胎衣不下发生病因、综合防治进行详细阐述,旨在对预防和治疗胎衣不下能有所帮助。 相似文献
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Peter Howgate 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(5):516-532
It is well-established in fish technology that freshness should be measured primarily by sensory procedures, though considerable effort has been expended in looking for nonsensory alternatives. A variety of methods for sensory evaluation of freshness has been described and this historical review traces developments of these methods. Much of the source material derives from the research literature such as research journals and reports of research, and the use of sensory methods in commercial quality control has scarcely been documented. There is a brief discussion of possible future developments in sensory evaluation of freshness. 相似文献
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在基础饲料中添加0.5%的壳聚糖,采用3种不同的投喂方式(方式A:连续投喂基础饲料,对照组;方式B:连续投喂添加0.5%壳聚糖的饲料,连续组;方式C:先投喂0.5%壳聚糖饲料再投喂基础饲料且每15天间隔投喂,不连续组)饲喂初始体重(19.46±0.04)g的草鱼60d后,对草鱼进行饥饿胁迫处理[各投喂方式分为投喂组(feeding,F)和饥饿组(starvation,S)],以生长、一氧化氮(nitrogenoxide,NO)含量和溶菌酶(lysozyme,LSZ)活性为指标考察壳聚糖不同投喂方式对草鱼抗饥饿胁迫处理的能力。结果显示,(1)连续组和不连续组60d时草鱼增长率和增重率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),15d饥饿处理后也呈现投喂组和饥饿组的增长率和增重率高于对照组的趋势(P>0.05);(2)对照组头肾、肝胰脏NO含量和血清、头肾溶菌酶活性饥饿组显著高于投喂组(P<0.05),连续组除头肾外NO含量和各组织溶菌酶活性饥饿组显著低于投喂组(P<0.05)或与投喂组无显著差异(P>0.05),不连续组除脾脏外NO含量和除肝胰脏外的溶菌酶活性饥饿组显著低于投喂组(P<0.05)或与投喂组无显著差异(P>0... 相似文献