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玉米品种多环境测试数据的空间插值分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在地统计学和地理信息系统支持下,采用多种插值方法对玉米品种多环境测试数据进行空间插值研究。多环境测试数据为东华北、黄淮海试验点的多年平均值,利用几种空间插值方法对数据各个表型性状进行插值分析,比较各个插值方法的均方根预测误差,选取精度最高的插值方法,得出各个表型性状的空间分布情况。结果表明,平均单产适合普通克里格插值方法,百粒重、穗行数、穗位高、穗长、株高、倒伏率、倒折率、纹枯病、玉米螟适合使用反距离加权插值法,单穗粒重、秃尖长适合使用简单克里格插值法,空秆率适合使用径向基函数插值法。 相似文献
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随着畜禽养殖业规模的快速稳定发展,集约化、规模化畜禽养殖模式逐渐扩大,养殖过程中产生的畜禽粪便也随之增加,对环境造成的污染越来越严重。畜禽粪便直接还田会对农田土壤理化性质产生不良影响,堆肥可以使畜禽粪便中的污染物含量减低。传统的堆肥方法容易造成粪便营养成分的流失,在堆肥过程中添加生物炭可以调节并控制堆肥过程中重金属、温室气体等的排放,不仅可以减少对环境的污染,在堆肥施用后也可以有效活化土壤养分,改善土壤的理化性质。本文综述秸秆生物炭对畜禽粪便堆肥过程中堆体理化性质、气体排放、重金属钝化以及堆肥施用后对土壤性状的影响研究进展,对未来生物炭在畜禽粪便堆肥领域的发展趋势进行展望。 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1-2):405-436
SUMMARY Specialization is the foundation of contemporary agriculture, yet until the early decades of the 20th century, enterprise diversity was the norm. As agriculture has become more specialized in the intervening years, yields have increased dramatically, but so too have a range of economic, environmental, and health problems. This contribution presents evidence that specialization is an ecologically dysfunctional design for food production, a thesis which is supported by the predominance of problem-solving research in the contemporary literature. As demonstrated by Louis Bromfield in the 1940s and by organic and sustainable farmers today, the strategic integration of crops and livestock/ forage enterprises avoids many of the problems of specialization, while also capturing economic and ecological synergies denied to specialist producers. In addition to providing human foodstuffs, forage-based livestock production also offers a range of novel opportunities to channel natural processes to the service of humanity, from carbon sequestration and site remediation to non-chemical vegetation management. 相似文献
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综述了微生态制剂的特点、分类和微生态制剂维持动物健康,促进动物生长的作用机制,探讨了当前微生态制剂在畜禽生产抗应激、提高免疫和预防疾病,提高饲料消化、促生长和改善养殖环境等领域的应用和发展前景。 相似文献
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我国棉花品种区域试验面临的挑战与对策 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
对新形势下国家棉花区域试验工作面临的试验实施难度增大、区试队伍不够稳定、试验质量有待进一步提高等实际困难和新挑战进行归纳和分析,并提出通过加强技术培训提高区试人员业务水平、强化试点条件建设稳定区试队伍、优化和严格执行区试操作规程提高试验质量等应对策略,以促进新形势下国家棉花区域试验工作更加公正、效率和科学。 相似文献
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通过将椰糠、椰子枯落叶分别与牛粪、鸡粪混合,按10条/hg风干堆料接种蚯蚓后,在相同的条件下饲养,分别于10、20、30、40 d时测定蚯蚓的生长繁殖情况,以及测定蚯蚓处理有机肥前后的理化性状。结果表明,随着时间的增加,蚯蚓的均重、日增重、日繁殖倍数均呈现先增加后减少的趋势,且不同时期、不同组合间均差异显著(P<0.05),以椰糠、椰子枯落叶和牛粪组合的生长繁殖优于椰子凋落叶和鸡粪组合;蚯蚓处理后有机肥的pH、有机碳含量和C/N下降,全氮和全磷含量上升,且碳含量和C/N在处理前后均达到显著水 相似文献
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通过对1990年建立在广东省南华农场的橡胶优良品种区域试种试验区的跟踪调查发现:云研1抗风能力最差、产量低,不适于重风区种植;文昌193和徐育25030A死皮树率高、风害严重,在轻风生态类型区种植能更好的发挥其产量特性,特别是文昌193的高产特性;文昌215和徐育11721抗性和产量中等,可在风害较重的区域适当种植;文昌33-24和湛试167-16虽然抗风能力强、但产量低,不适宜较大面积推广种植,可作为抗风性选育种研究材料。综合来看,对照品种PR107虽然有效割胶率较低,可单株产量高使单位面积产量高;对照红星1产量中等,其抗风能力强和死皮树率低使其有效割胶树率最高,保证了单位面积产量。 相似文献
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《Field Crops Research》1987,16(3):197-208
Analysis of variance and two-way classification analysis were used to identify the source and nature of variation in yield among orthogonal subsets of genotypes and environments included in the 7th and 8th, and 9th and 10th International Mungbean Nursery Trials. Most of the variation was environmental (70–80%) with 17–21% due to genotype X environment interaction, and less than 3% being variation among genotypes. High-yielding environments were identified as those where water supply to plants was good, and where climatic conditions favoured an extended crop duration and avoidance of severe disease epidemics. No plant attribute consistently characterised high-yielding genotypes although those in the highest-yielding groups were usually significantly taller than the mean in those environments where their yield advantage was expressed. They also had moderate to good resistance to one or more diseases. There was evidence that yield increases due to recent improved cultivars exceeded 10%. 相似文献
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对攀枝花市草地畜牧业发展现状及存在问题进行了初步分析,并提出了促进攀枝花市草地畜牧业发展的相关对策与建议。 相似文献
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对新津研4号、揭阳翠绿、绿冠胡瓜、津春4号等4个黄瓜品种进行品种比较试验。结果表明:揭阳翠绿大吊瓜茎粗、蔓长、叶面积、叶绿素都优于对照津春4号;但单瓜重、单株产量以绿冠胡瓜较大,揭阳翠绿大吊瓜较小;绿冠胡瓜可溶性固溶物少,含水量高,硬度较小,揭阳翠绿大吊瓜可溶性固溶物多,含水量低,总酸度、硬度大。 相似文献
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