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山东省花生生产全程机械化现状与对策建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为推动山东花生生产全程机械化进程,对山东花生种植规模、栽培模式及品种现状进行总结,分析耕整地、种子准备、播种、田间管理、收获、产后处理等花生全部生产环节的机械化技术水平及装备现状,指出制约山东花生生产全程机械化发展的问题主要有花生机械制造产业尚未形成规模,农机农艺不相融,关键技术不成熟,现有装备性能不稳定及缺乏关键环节作业装备等。为促进山东花生生产全程机械化发展,建议进一步增强农机农艺融合度,创新研制花生种子加工机械、单粒精播机,优化研制具有秧蔓处理功能的分段收获机、残膜回收机及提升机械智能化水平等对策建议。 相似文献
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车砚名 《农业机械化与电气化》2014,(4):27-28
花生机械化脱壳可减轻劳动强度、提高生产效率和降低损失率,随着机械化脱壳技术的应用,对花生脱壳机械的需求也不断增大。概述国内外花生脱壳机械研究现状,分析我国花生脱壳机械发展中存在的问题,对今后花生脱壳机械进一步发展提出建议。 相似文献
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我国花生机械化生产发展问题与对策研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
花生是我国的四大油料作物之一,其产量约占油料作物总产的50%。随着花生机械化生产水平不断提升,在花生机械化生产效益逐渐凸显的同时,也出现了阻碍机械化生产发展的一些问题。系统介绍了花生生产各环节作业机械的发展水平和应用情况,从花生生产田间技术要求、装备技术水平和质量、农机农艺融合、机械化生产保障和技术服务及经营效益等方面,分析了目前机械化生产发展中存在的主要问题,提出了对策与建议,为花生机械化生产发展提供参考。 相似文献
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1花生机械化技术简介花生生产机械化技术就是用机械完成花生生产农艺过程的技术,包括机械耕整地、机械覆膜、机械播种、机械植保、机械收获等农田作业机械化技术和机械脱壳、机械榨油等加工技术。2机械化现状目前,我国的花生生产过程中,耕地、灌溉地和植保机械化已基本完善, 相似文献
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山东省花生生产机械化现状及发展对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
花生是山东省主要经济作物之一,通过花生生产机械化的现状研究,发现花生生产机械数量不大,质量不高,农艺不适应、推广速度缓慢,进而提出改进措施和意见,以推动花生生产机械化的发展。 相似文献
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通过对现有国内外花生收获机械进行调查研究,简述国内外花生收获机械的发展及作业模式,介绍各种作业模式下花生收获机械的类型、结构特点、工作原理及适应性,为研制与改进适合我国国情的花生收获机械提供理论依据。 相似文献
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《Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research》1998,69(3):249-254
A model to represent the discolouration of dried powder of carrots as a function of temperature was developed. Two types of carrots, Asian and European, containing large amount of lycopene and β-carotene, respectively, were tested. The dried powder was stored under an atmosphere with O2and at three different temperatures, 5,20 and 35°C. The surface colour of the powder was monitored during storage by a Hunter colour ratioa/b. In the proposed model, the rate of oxidation was assumed to be represented by the product of the fraction of concentration of oxidized pigment at arbitrary time and a specific rate of oxidation of pigment. The rate parameters in the proposed model were calculated by fitting the experimental data with smooth curves by trial and error at the end of the induction period but before discolouration took place. The frequency constant and activation energy, expressing the temperature dependence of the rate parameters, were expressed by the Arrhenius relation. The simulation results of a Hunter colour ratioa/bof dried powder at 25°C showed good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that the proposed model was effective for the prediction of discolouration of dried powder of both types of carrot. The use of the induction period in the manner described may enable the shelf life of dried powder to be predicted. 相似文献
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The fractional outflow rate of water from the rumen, measured as the rate of disappearance of the chromium complex of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, was related to a number of dietary factors. A multiple regression equation was derived which expressed fractional outflow rate as a function of the intakes of dry matter, ash, acid-detergent fibre and crude protein.The data analysed consisted of 243 observations for sheep on 59 diets, including forage, concentrate and mixed diets. The ranges covered by the data were: fractional outflow rate 0.7–3.6 day?1; dry matter intake 560–1400g/day; ash 4–30%, acid-detergent fibre 7–41%, crude protein 5–26 % of dry matter; there were no observations for sheep of less than 34 kg liveweight.The equation accounted for 56·3 % of the total variance. Between-sheep variance could not be calculated for the whole of the data but was undoubtedly substantial since, for a sixth of the data, it was known to account for 38 % of the total variance. 相似文献
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感官检验棉花的品级,这是农村常见的一种检测手段.它的一个主要特点就是存在不确定性.这是由于检验员的品级检验水平存在一定的差异,其中有很多因素制约着检验的结果.文章对影响感官检验结果的因素进行了系统的分析. 相似文献
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从灾害经济学的角度探讨了城镇供水优化调度的必要性和可能性,认为在缺水不可避免的情况下,对供水进行优化调度可以减小缺水带来的损失,产生较好的减灾效益,特别是可以大大减小严重干旱的灾害效应。并根据水资源的特性,提出了缺水损失的计算模式以及优化调度的原则和方法。 相似文献