A comparison between immunofluorescence staining on smears from Membrana nictitans (M3 test), immunohistopathology and routine pathology in cats with suspected feline infectious peritonitis (FIP).

An indirect immunofluorescence method using smears from membrana nictitans (M3 test) to diagnose feline corona virus (FCV) infection was compared with immunohistopathology (using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFFA) performed on organs (IFO], and routine pathology (RP) in cats with suspected feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). A close correlation between the 2 immunofluorescence methods (IFO and M3) was observed. Although the M3 test requires samples from only 1 organ per animal, both the sensitivity and specificity were high (80%), when compared to IFO (using samples from an average of 5 organs per animal). In 21% of the cats with suspected FIP typical pathological lesions were found. As the M3 test is relatively easy to perform, it could reduce work-load of pathology laboratories and provide valuable data for clinical and epidemiological use.     

猪不同生长阶段甲状腺结构的形态计量学研究

为观察猪不同生长发育阶段甲状腺的形态学变化,本研究选用大约克夏猪,分别于初生、体质量为20、40、80和100kg时屠宰,测定甲状腺质量、长度、宽度、增殖细胞数量以及血清中甲状腺素的表达,并对猪的甲状腺石蜡切片进行组织学观察,应用Nikon NIS-Elements Documentation图像分析系统对甲状腺滤泡腔以及滤泡上皮细胞进行形态计量学指标的测量,并在不同生长阶段进行比较分析。结果表明,随着猪的生长发育,甲状腺增殖细胞的数量、甲状腺素的表达以及滤泡腔数密度、上皮细胞高度均逐渐降低;滤泡腔截面积及其等效直径、滤泡腔截面积密度逐步升高;而上皮细胞核截面积及其等效直径、上皮细胞核数密度变化规律不明显。相关分析表明,血清中FT3的表达与甲状腺宽度存在显著的负相关、与上皮细胞高度呈显著正相关;FT4、TT4的表达与体质量、甲状腺质量、甲状腺长度、甲状腺宽度、滤泡腔截面积、滤泡腔截面积等效直径存在显著负相关,与上皮细胞高度以及上皮细胞核数密度存在显著正相关。上述形态学测量结果为深入研究猪甲状腺在不同生长发育阶段所发生的形态学变化提供了准确的定量资料。     

鸡肾上腺传出神经元的定位＊WGA－HRP法研究

将ＷＧＡ－ＨＲＰ注入７５～９０日龄鸡肾上腺内，追踪支配鸡肾上腺传出神经元的胞体。结果显示，鸡肾上腺接受交感性节前和节后神经元的支配，以节后神经元支配占主导；迷走神经的传出神经元也支配鸡肾上腺，但处于次要地位     

Acinic cell carcinoma in an African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)

Abstract: A male African pygmy hedgehog ( Atelerix albiventris ), estimated to be 3 years old, presented with exophthalmos and fixed abduction of the right eye. Radiographic examination revealed a retrobulbar tumor in the right orbital cavity. The mass was surgically resected but recurred 3 months later and the hedgehog died. There was no gross or microscopic evidence of salivary or lacrimal gland involvement of the tumor at surgery or at necropsy. The histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural findings were those of acinic cell carcinoma, the origin of which was unknown. This is the first known case of acinic cell carcinoma in an African hedgehog.     

Ultrasound findings in horses with severe eyelid swelling, and recognition of acute dacryoadenitis: 10 cases (2004-2010)

Objective To report the sonographic findings, treatment, and outcome of horses with severe eyelid swelling, to describe the sonographic appearance of enlarged lacrimal glands, and to describe the clinical features of acute dacryoadenitis. Materials and methods Medical records of all horses with severe eyelid swelling that underwent an ultrasound evaluation of the globe and periorbital structures from 2004–2010 were examined. Cases were limited to those in which the eyelid swelling was so severe that the globe could not be visualized. Results Ten horses met the criteria for inclusion in the study. All cases were unilateral and acute. Marked enlargement of the lacrimal gland was found in five cases, and supported the diagnosis of acute dacryoadenitis. Eyelid abscessation was found in three horses, accompanied by mild to moderate lacrimal gland enlargement in two of the three. Enlarged lacrimal glands were slightly heterogeneous in appearance and could be differentiated from an abscess by imaging the protrusion of the gland from beneath the supraorbital rim. Only two cases of severe eyelid swelling were soley traumatic. Conclusions Severe eyelid swelling was often associated with dacryoadenitis and/or eyelid abscessation. The detection of marked lacrimal gland enlargement in horses with an acute onset of severe painful eyelid swelling is consistent with a diagnosis of acute dacryoadenitis. Ultrasonographic evaluation of eyelid swelling of any degree is warranted to determine if enlargement of the lacrimal gland, etiology notwithstanding, is an underlying or contributing cause.     

Intranictitans tacking for replacement of prolapsed gland of the third eyelid in dogs

Objective  To evaluate a new procedure for fixation of prolapsed nictitans glands to the cartilage of the nictitans that will not interfere with the mobility of the nictitating membrane.
Methods  A prospective clinical trial utilizing a nonabsorbable suture to anchor the prolapsed gland to the cartilage of the third eyelid was undertaken. Fifteen eyes of 10 dogs were included in the study. A 4-0 nylon suture was passed from the anterior surface of the third eyelid through the base of the cartilage to the posterior aspect and then tunneled circumferentially beneath the conjunctiva over and around the prolapsed gland. The suture was then passed through the cartilage again to the anterior face of the third eyelid. The gland was replaced into its normal position as the suture was slowly tightened and then tied on the anterior aspect of the nictitans.
Results  Over a period of several weeks, the glands reduced in size and took on a normal appearance. All glands but one remained in place for the length of follow-up, which ranged from 2 weeks to 33 months.
Conclusions  This procedure results in acceptable cosmetic effects with the return of the gland to its normal position posterior to the nictitating membrane. The advantage of this technique over traditional tacking to the orbital rim is that the third eyelid retains its normal mobility and, thus, its protective functions. The procedure once mastered is very quick and can be performed in less time than many of the traditional replacement techniques.     

Unilateral orbital lacrimal gland abscess in a horse

A 20-year-old Thoroughbred gelding presented for evaluation of a periorbital dorsal swelling of the left eye that had been intermittently present for 3 months. Upon ocular examination, a firm, non-painful swelling was identified under the upper eyelid in the region of the orbital lacrimal gland, and was noted to extend anteriorly from underneath the dorsal orbital rim. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a mixed echogenic mass along the dorsal orbital rim that followed the contour of the globe. CT scan showed a moderately contrast enhancing mass that was contiguous with the eyelid. Differential diagnoses included neoplasia, inflammatory lesions such as a granuloma, foreign body or abscess. Surgical exploration and excision of the mass revealed a lobular structure with a purulent center. Histopathology identified the mass as the orbital lacrimal gland with concurrent severe dacryoadenitis. Culture of the purulent center of the mass revealed beta-hemolytic Staphylococcus aureus. The patient was maintained on supportive care and antibiotic treatment based on sensitivity postoperatively. No recurrence was reported 40 months later. This paper aims to identify bacterial dacryoadenitis as a cause for unilateral periorbital swelling in the horse. Differential diagnoses for this presentation, as well as successful surgical management are discussed. To the author's knowledge, this is the first case of bacterial dacryoadenitis and subsequent abscessation of the orbital lacrimal gland in the horse.     

泌乳母猪乳房发育及其对哺乳仔猪生长的影响

综述母猪泌乳阶段乳房和单个乳腺的发育特点,以及影响它们发育的因素,对现代母猪的饲养和哺乳仔猪的管理有一定的指导意义.