Effects of Chlorhexidine Diacetate and Povidone-lodine on Wound Healing in Dogs

To correlate the results of an in vitro study with clinical response, the effects of 0.005 and 0.05% chlorhexidine diacetate and 0.1 and 1.0% povidone-iodine concentrations on wound healing were evaluated in five beagle dogs. Full-thickness skin wounds (2 X 2 cm) were irrigated once daily for 14 days with the antiseptic solutions or physiologic-buffered saline. Chlorhexidine diacetate 0.05% had significantly more bactericidal activity than povidone-iodine and saline, and both chlorhexidine diacetate concentrations had residual effects 6 hours after irrigation. Neither povidone-iodine nor saline had significant bactericidal activity. The percentages of unhealed wound area and wound contraction were calculated 7, 14, and 21 days after wounding. Healed wound area and contraction were similar in wounds treated with chlorhexidine diacetate and povidone-iodine. However, wounds treated with chlorhexidine diacetate had more healed wound area on days 7 and 14 and more contraction on days 7, 14, and 21 than saline-treated wounds. At the concentrations tested, chlorhexidine diacetate irrigations provided bactericidal activity and were more beneficial to wound healing than irrigations with saline alone. These results suggest that concentrations of chlorhexidine diacetate which are cytotoxic to tissue culture fibroblasts in vitro do not interfere with wound healing in vivo.     

Cutaneous Wound Healing in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Wound healing in five dogs and five cats affected with a connective tissue dysplasia resembling Ehlers-Danlos syndrome of humans was compared with wound healing in 10 nonaffected animals. Six skin incisions on the lateral aspects of the thorax and abdomen of each animal were sutured and assessed daily for 75 days for evidence of healing. All wounds in nonaffected dogs, affected cats, and nonaffected cats healed by first intention. Three incisions in affected dogs had dehiscence of all or part of the incision line and healed by granulation, contraction, and epithelialization. Biopsies taken at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 75 days were compared histologically to determine if there were any differences in rates of healing between affected and nonaffected animals. Epidermal thickening and scab formation were noted at days 3 and 6 in both affected and nonaffected animals. Infiltration with mononuclear cells and fibroplasia steadily increased from day 6 to day 15 in all groups. Collagen fibril formation was evident by day 9. At day 75, incision sites were recognized by fine, more compact collagen bundles and lack of adnexal structures, as compared with the adjacent dermis in both affected and nonaffected animals. Although delayed wound healing has been reported to be a complication of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in humans, using clinical and histologic criteria, wound healing in dogs and cats with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome appears to be similar to nonaffected animals.     

Effects of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy on Healing of Open Wounds in Dogs

Objective: To compare the effect of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) with standard‐of‐care management on healing of acute open wounds in dogs. Study Design: Prospective, controlled, experimental study. Animals: Adult dogs (n=10). Methods: Full‐thickness 4 cm × 2 cm wounds were surgically created on each antebrachium and in each dog were randomized to receive either NPWT or standard wound dressings (CON) for 21 days. Dressing changes and wound evaluations were made at 8 time points. First appearance of granulation tissue, smoothness of granulation tissue, exuberance, percent epithelialization, and percent contraction were compared. Biopsies for histopathology were taken, and histologic scores determined, at 5 time points, and aerobic bacterial wound cultures performed at 2 time points. Results: Granulation tissue appeared significantly earlier, and was smoother and less exuberant in NPWT wounds compared with CON wounds. Percent contraction in NPWT wounds was less than CON wounds after Day 7. Percent epithelialization in NPWT wounds was less than CON wounds on Days 11, 16, 18, and 21. Histologic scores for acute inflammation were higher in NPWT on Day 3, and lower on Day 7, than CON wounds. Bacterial load was higher in NPWT on Day 7. Conclusion: NPWT accelerated appearance of smooth, nonexuberant granulation tissue; however, prolonged use of NPWT impaired wound contraction and epithelialization.     

Effects of Four Preparations of 0.05% Chlorhexidine Diacetate on Wound Healing in Dogs

Four chlorhexidine diacetate (CHD) antiseptic wound lavage preparations were evaluated in vivo to determine their effects on second intention wound healing in the dog in vitro to determine their relative antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus intermedius. Chlorhexidine was diluted to 0.05% in sterile water, 0.9% sodium chloride, lactated Ringers solution (LRS), and LRS that was allowed to form a precipitate with CHD. Control solutions included sterile water and LRS. There were no significant differences in wound contraction or epithelialization. All 0.05% CHD preparations provided 100% bacterial kill.     

Effects of Nylon and Polyglactin 910 Suture Material on Perilimbal Corneal Wound Healing in the Dog

The effects of fine suture materials on corneal wound healing in the dog were studied. In 20 dogs, standardized perforating perilimbal clear corneal wounds were made and closed with either monofilament Polyglactin 910 or nylon. Five dogs each were euthanized 8,12,16, and 21 days postoperatively. Results of gross, biomicroscopic, and histologic examinations at 8,12,16, and 21 days showed nylon and Polyglactin 910 to cause similar inflammatory responses. Epithelialization and suppuration around the suture tracts were observed more frequently when Polyglactin 910 was used. Both materials were associated with a foreign body (granulomatous) response. There was no loss of wound integrity with either material. Strengths of the incised corneal tissues with and without the sutures intact were determined. At day 16 postsurgery, there was a statistically significant difference in tissue strengths between cases in which sutures were and were not intact. This difference was not apparent at 21 days postsurgery, which suggested that the suture dependent phase ends between the 16th and 21st postsurgical days. In addition, at day 16 there was no statistical difference between the tissue strength of wounds sutured with nylon or Polyglactin 910. Corneal suture materials studied should remain in place for at least 16 days, and absorbable material is only appropriate if it retains tensile strength for 16 days.     

防腐生肌膏对创伤愈合的影响试验

防腐生肌膏是由中药血竭、乳香、没药、三七、紫草、黄柏、冰片等组成的。本试验目的研究防腐生肌膏在大鼠皮肤缺损模型中对伤口愈合的影响。将25只SD大鼠进行皮肤缺损造模,每日涂抹防腐生肌膏。计算创面愈合率以及创面愈合时间,记录愈后瘢痕面积。通过H.E.染色的方法检测新生皮肤样本。结果表明,防腐生肌膏能够促进创口收缩,创口瘢痕组织面积显著小于对照组(P<0.01)。H.E.染色结果显示,防腐生肌膏处理的创口有更少的炎性细胞浸润,同时伴随成纤维细胞的增殖,促进肉芽组织形成。该结果证明防腐生肌膏促进伤口愈合,为临床治疗提供依据。     

Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Zinc Gluconate Associated with Dimethyl Sulphoxide for Sexually Mature Canine Males Chemical Neutering

The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of zinc gluconate associated with dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) for chemical neutering in canine males. Fifteen sexually mature male dogs were divided in two groups, named control and treated. An injection was administered to both testicles, at a concentration of 26.2 mg zinc gluconate per ml and 0.5% DMSO in the treated group (11 dogs). The control group was given injections of saline solution (four dogs). Clinical examination and blood collection for a haemogram were done both before and after drug injection. There were 12 spermograms performed to analyse sperm motility, sperm vigour, ejaculate volume, testicle size, pathology and sperm concentrations. Libido was also measured. An ultrasound examination and histopathology were performed at the end of the experiment. Dogs’ libido after chemical injection was reduced by over 50%. The spermogram analysis showed final mean results of 14.54% for sperm motility, 0.72 of sperm vigour and 37 150 per million spermatozoa per millilitre, values considered below the necessary levels at which fertilization can occur. Ultrasound and histopathology analyses of testicles for the treated group revealed more intense injuries when compared with the control group, with compromised testicular parenchyma and a decrease of germ cell number leading to total atrophy, indicating that the treatment reduced the fertilizing potential of male dogs, promoting a possible subfertile status.     

半导体激光照射对犬创伤愈合的影响

用本地杂种犬１２只分为两组，在背部两侧定边长２ｃｍ的正方形皮肤全层缺损创，对照组左侧作为划体对照，每天对创面愈合情况进行观察记录。结果表明：砷化镓激光照射可促进犬全层皮肤缺损创的愈合，但差异不显著，而对激光照射７天内的愈合速度有显著的促进作用。     

饲粮中添加鸽肉对大鼠伤口愈合的影响

试验旨在研究鸽肉对创伤大鼠伤口愈合的影响。将建模成功的60只SD大鼠随机分成3个组,每组20只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验A组饲喂基础饲粮+20%鸽肉,试验B组饲喂基础饲粮+30%鸽肉。试验期28 d。致伤后第3、7、14天,描绘伤口形状,计算创面的愈合率,同时取伤口附近皮肤标本,石蜡包埋处理切片,HE染色,进行组织病理学观察;第14天进行采血分离血清,测定胰岛素样生长因子1受体(IGF-1R)和血小板源生长因子(PDGF)的含量;记录大鼠伤口愈合天数。结果表明:与对照组相比,添加30%鸽肉组的大鼠在第7天、第14天的伤口愈合率明显高于对照组(P0.05),并且添加20%和30%鸽肉组的伤口愈合时间显著低于对照组(P0.05),添加20%和30%鸽肉第14天肉芽组织、血管增生明显,并且添加30%鸽肉组IGF-1R和PDGF含量显著高于对照组。综上所述,饲喂鸽肉有促进大鼠伤口愈合的效果。     

HPLC法测定创伤愈合药喷雾剂中血竭素的含量

建立了高效液相色谱法测定创伤愈合药喷雾剂中血竭素含量的方法。色谱柱为C18柱(5μm,4.6 mm×250 mm),流动相乙腈-0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钠溶液(50∶50),流速1.0 mL/min,柱温40℃,检测波长440 nm,血竭素在13.07～45.74μg/mL浓度范围内,峰面积与浓度线性关系良好(r=0.9997,n=6),平均加样回收率为98.29%,相对标准偏差为0.67%,血竭素的平均含量为0.01902 mg/mL。本研究所建立的含量测定方法简便、灵敏、准确、稳定,可用于创伤愈合药喷雾剂的质量控制。     

Application of Platelet-Rich Gel to Enhance Wound Healing in the Horse: A Case Report

A large torn wound of the dorsal elbow region was observed in a 17-year-old Arabian mare. Surgical reconstruction was performed with the horse in standing sedation, but suture dehiscence occurred 2 days later. Autologous platelet-rich gel (PRG) was then applied to the wound every 3 weeks for a total of 3 administrations to accelerate good-quality healing. The wound had healed rapidly and completely within 5 months of the first PRG treatment, without chronic effects or formation of exuberant tissue granulation and with minimum scarring. This case report suggests that topical treatment with autologous PRG, as additional therapy, might be considered beneficial in the management of large-wound healing in horses, and it can be regarded as safe and inexpensive treatment that can be used in field.     

Hemodynamic Effects of Calcium Gluconate Administered to Conscious Horses

Calcium gluconate was administered to conscious horses at 3 different rates (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/kg/min for 15 minutes each). Serum calcium concentrations and parameters of cardiovascular function were evaluated. All 3 calcium administration rates caused marked increases in both ionized and total calcium concentrations, cardiac index, stroke index, and cardiac contractility (dP/dt_max). Mean arterial pressure and right atrial pressure were unchanged; heart rate de creased markedly during calcium administration. Ionized calcium concentration remained between 54% and 57% of total calcium concentration throughout the study. We conclude that calcium gluconate can safely be administered to conscious horses at 0.1 to 0.4 mg/kg/min and that administration will result in improved cardiac function.     

蚕蛹壳聚糖复合水凝胶的抗菌性能及对创伤的愈合作用

以蚕蛹壳聚糖、蜂蜜和明胶等为基质制备医用复合水凝胶。对以不同配比制备的蚕蛹壳聚糖复合水凝胶、单纯蚕蛹壳聚糖水凝胶、蜂蜜水凝胶的抗菌性能进行比较试验,并以大耳白兔为受试动物,采用切片法检测蚕蛹壳聚糖复合水凝胶对烫伤伤口的愈合作用。结果表明:用质量分数为0.25%的蚕蛹壳聚糖和质量分数为20%的蜂蜜制成的复合水凝胶的杀菌作用明显高于市售烧伤膏和单纯蚕蛹壳聚糖或蜂蜜水凝胶,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌24 h内的抑菌率均达到100%,且持久性好;大耳白兔烫伤伤口经0.25%蚕蛹壳聚糖+20%蜂蜜复合水凝胶处理后12 d可基本愈合,切片观察愈合的伤口表皮无溃疡,局部毛囊增生,且有新生表皮细胞生成。研究结果显示,蚕蛹壳聚糖复合水凝胶具有广谱抗菌性能,可用作创伤敷料。     

生物敷料对大鼠深Ⅱ度烧伤创面愈合的作用

为了评价生物敷料对烧伤创面的治疗效果，将SPF猪皮细化处理后制成软膏制剂，以其作为生物敷料对大鼠深Ⅱ度烧伤进行了治疗试验，对照组采用普遍油纱布敷料处理，观察烧伤大鼠创面愈合程度，记录愈合时间，并测定了大鼠在烧伤前后的血液学指标。结果显示，试验组比对照组创面愈合时问短，愈合率高，血液学指标恢复较快。     

鸡蛋提取物角蛋白及鸡蛋黄对兔伤口愈合的临床研究

为了探讨鸡蛋提取物角蛋白及鸡蛋黄对伤口愈合影响的临床研究,取健康家兔12只,随机分为A、B两组,每组6只,在每只家兔脊背两侧设试验伤口和对照伤口各1个,即同体不同部位对照试验;A组试验处伤口涂抹鸡蛋提取物角蛋白;B组试验处伤口涂抹生鸡蛋黄;A、B两组对照处伤口均未作任何处理。结果表明:A组和B组涂抹鸡蛋提取物角蛋白和生鸡蛋黄的伤口愈合时间比未做任何处理的伤口愈合快3～4 d,无论是愈合速度还是愈合效果均非常明显且伤口感染率减少,伤口愈合的疤痕减淡,外部更加美观自然,且能达到祛疤美容效果。