仔猪伪狂犬病与水肿病混合感染的诊治

猪伪狂犬病是由疱疹病毒科的伪狂犬病病毒引起的急性传染病,其特征是发烧和脑脊髓炎。病猪年龄不同,临床症状也有差异,仔猪出现发热、神经症状,死亡率极高;成年猪呈隐性感染;怀孕母猪发生流产。而仔猪水肿病是由溶血性大肠杆菌引起的一种断奶仔猪多发的急性肠毒血症。现将一起规模养猪场发生仔猪伪狂犬病与水肿病混合感染的诊治情况介绍如下。     

仔猪伪狂犬病的防治措施

猪伪狂犬病是由猪伪狂犬病病毒引起的一种急性传染病,新生仔猪感染后主要以体温升高和神经症状为主要特征。本文通过对某猪场发生仔猪伪狂犬病的诊断,从发病情况、临床症状、剖捡变化、实验室诊断、动物接种实验、防治等方面对该病进行了阐述。     

猪伪狂犬病的致病机制与防控措施

猪伪狂犬病是由疱疹病毒科的伪狂犬病病毒(Pseudorabies Virus,PRV)引起的一种急性传染病。猪是该病毒的传染源及长期贮存宿主,该病毒可引起母猪繁殖障碍及仔猪的神经症状、严重的呼吸道症状,仔猪死亡率较高;耐过猪则生长减缓甚至成僵猪。近年来,PRV与其他病毒混合感染发生较多,是导致很多疾病综合征的病原之一。文章主要针对猪伪狂犬病的病原、流行病学、致病机制和防控措施进行综述,以期对猪伪狂犬病的防治提供参考。     

猪伪狂犬病病毒NP株的分离鉴定

2013年下半年,福建某免疫接种过猪伪狂犬病疫苗(Bartha)的规模化猪场大批妊娠母猪发生流产、新生仔猪发生共济失调的神经症状,疑似为猪伪狂犬病病毒感染发病症状,为确定发病原因,从该猪场疑似伪狂犬病病毒感染的仔猪脑、肝脏和肺脏中分离到一株未知病毒,PCR检测及测序比对鉴定为猪伪狂犬病病毒,并将分离的病毒命名为NP株。用Reed-Muench法测定分离株病毒的组织细胞半数感染量(TCID50)为10-9.13/0.1mL,动物攻毒试验出现猪伪狂犬病病毒感染的典型症状。试验结果表明,成功分离到一株猪伪狂犬病病毒毒株,为研究福建省猪群伪狂犬病病毒分子流行病学奠定基础。     

猪伪狂犬病的防制措施

猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂犬病病毒引起的一种急性传染病。特征是：体温升高,新生仔猪表现神经症状;成年猪呈隐性感染;怀孕母猪发生流产、死胎。近几年来猪伪狂犬病在春、冬寒冷季节经常发生,并呈流行态势,给养猪业造成巨大的经济损失。     

四川省部分地区猪场猪伪狂犬病野毒感染的血清流行病学调查

伪狂犬病（Pseudorabies,PR）是由伪狂犬病病毒（Pseudorabies virus,PRV）引起的一种高度接触性传染病,猪感染伪狂犬病毒可导致种猪繁殖障碍,仔猪发生腹泻、生长发育受阻、神经症状等,同时伪狂犬病病毒也是引起猪呼吸道病综合征的重要原发性病原之一。感染伪狂犬病病毒后可引起种猪繁殖障碍、产弱仔,新生仔猪出现共济失调、抽搐以及突然死亡;在生长肥育猪群中,     

猪伪狂犬病的防制

猪伪狂犬病是由猪伪狂犬病病毒引起的猪的一种急性传染病,其特征为发热和脑脊髓炎.成年猪呈隐性感染,妊娠母猪发生流产、死胎,哺乳仔猪呈脑脊髓炎和败血症的综合症状.     

规模猪场猪伪狂犬病的净化研究

猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂犬病病毒引起的多种动物共患传染病,可引起仔猪大量发病死亡,母猪流产、死胎等繁殖障碍,育肥猪生长发育缓慢,经济损失惨重。为净化规模猪场的猪伪狂犬病,试验采用综合性的净化措施,除淘汰病猪及临床症状猪、加强饲养管理等技术措施外,采用猪伪狂犬病弱毒疫苗加强免疫,结合野毒抗体监测,成功的根除了伪狂犬的感染。     

一例农户小型种猪场伪狂犬病的净化

某农户小型种猪场疑似感染伪狂犬病病毒,为了检测出野毒感染猪,净化伪狂犬病,提高猪群健康水平,采用PRV gE抗体ELISA检测试剂盒,对该场免疫了猪伪狂犬病基因缺失疫苗的猪群进行5次野毒感染检测;同时应用实时荧光PCR检测试剂盒,对有临床症状的新生仔猪进行PRV病原检测。经过连续监测、综合防控并适时淘汰,该猪场的PRV野毒感染率降为1.72%,发病仔猪伪狂犬病毒野毒阳性率均降为零。猪场新生仔猪成活率提高,猪群基本无PRV感染,净化效果良好。     

规模化猪场伪狂犬病的防制与净化

正伪狂犬病是由伪狂犬病病毒引起的多种家畜的一种传染病。猪是伪狂犬病病毒的天然宿主,该病是严重危害猪群的原发性疾病之一,它的控制与净化关系到猪群其它疫病的发生与防控,关系到规模化养猪场的经济效益。据报道,2006年我国猪"无名高热"也与伪狂犬病紧密相关。1临床表现伪狂犬病临床症状因猪的感染年(日)龄不同而有所不同。两周龄内的仔猪感染后多为急性、致死性发病,具有明显的神经症状,呈非化脓性脑炎,最高可100%死亡;呼吸系统症状则主要表现在20日龄到断奶仔猪、育肥猪;成年猪呈隐性感染,平时潜伏感染猪体内不存在具有感染性的病毒粒子,但当机     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …