日粮配制中能量和蛋白质的关系

<正>近年来我国的动物营养学者通过各种经典的测定方法对畜禽能量的需要量开展了一系列的研究。而蛋白质的供给水平与代谢能水平密切相关,实践中需要两者达到平衡才能产生较好的效益。日粮配制中蛋白质和能量的关系一直受到研究者的关注。     

低能量日粮中添加复合酶对肉鸭生长性能的影响

广东珠海溢多利提供的鸭用溢多酶P8602。主要成分为中性蛋白酶（neutral protease）2000U,酸性蛋白酶（Acid Protease）3000U,α-淀粉酶（amylase）300000U,纤维素酶4000U。     

日粮中小麦比例和添加复合酶对猪养分消化率的影响

小麦作为一种玉米的可替换能量饲料资源，在实践中常作为饲料企业降低生产成本的选择性方案。但小麦的非淀粉多糖含量高，直接导致动物肠道的黏性增加，使养分的有效性和饲料的代谢能降低。近年来，复合酶制剂在猪饲料生产中得到广泛的应用．为高效利用小麦等日粮提供了有效途径。但含纤维素酶、β-葡聚糖酶、木聚糖酶和果胶酶的复合酶在不同日粮中的应     

木聚糖酶与肉仔鸡小麦日粮代谢能之间当量关系的研究

小麦中的阿拉伯木聚糖(NSP)造成肉鸡肠道食糜黏度,降低营养物质的消化吸收率(明根·朝格图,1996)。木聚糖酶通过水解小麦中的木聚糖,消除其抗营养作用,从而提高蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉等营养物质的消化率,同时伴随着饲料代谢能的提高(卢铮,张日俊,1997)。     

复合酶制剂在不同能量水平肉鸡日粮中的应用效果

复合酶制剂是应用现代生物工程技术,选用特殊微生物菌株经发酵产生的具有催化活性的生物化学产品,是多组酶种的复配产物,含有多种活性。其成分包含有细菌内切木聚糖酶,细菌内切β-葡聚糖酶,蛋白酶,α-淀粉酶及纤维素酶等。由于在饲料中添加酶制剂后提高了饲料的消化能值,释放出     

应用NSP复合酶调整蛋鸡日粮配方的研究

本研究旨在探讨应用NSP复合酶调整蛋鸡日粮配方的可能性.试验分3个组,对照组饲喂蛋鸡基础日粮;试验1组在基础蛋鸡料中减1%玉米、0.5%豆粕添加1.5%沸石粉和0.03%NSP复合酶;试验2组在基础蛋鸡料中减2%玉米、1%豆粕添加3%沸石粉和0.03%NSP复合酶.试验结果表明:与对照组相比,试验1组和试验2组分别提高产蛋率3.18%和5.28%(P＜0.05);试验1组与对照组在蛋壳厚度、哈夫单位间差异不显著(P＞0.05),与试验2组相比,差异显著(P＜0.05).在蛋鸡日粮中添加NSP复合酶后并调整配方,在一定程度上能降低饲料生产成本,提高养殖经济效益.     

复合酶对猪日粮中蛋白质和能量消化率的影响

选用12头30kg仔猪,应用全收粪法,在日粮中添加不同水平的复合酶对猪蛋白质和能量表观消化率进行测定。研究表明:基础日粮的蛋白表观消化率为84.20%,添加80mg/kg和100mg/kg复合酶的试验猪蛋白表观消化率为85.50%和86.28%;基础日粮的能量表观消化率为89.50%,添加80mg/kg和100mg/kg复合酶的试验猪能量表观消化率为90.25%和91.03%。与对照组相比,日粮中添加复合酶80mg/kg和100mg/kg,可以提高猪蛋白质消化率1.30和2.08个百分点,提高能量消化率0.75和1.53个百分点。复合酶能提高猪的蛋白质和能量消化率。     

外源复合酶对仔猪生产性能的影响

饲用复合酶是一类新型的活性饲料添加剂．不但能补充了动物内源酶的不足．而且有效降低了饲料的抗营养因子，从而提高饲料的营养价值。在日粮中添加一定比例的复合酶，能促进动物对饲料中纤维素、蛋白质、淀粉等营养物质的消化吸收．提高饲料转化率。降低料肉比．从而降低了饲料成本。大量研究结果显示．酶制剂可以提高畜禽生产性能．提高畜禽对营养物质的消化吸收．降低腹泻率等。该试验是在仔猪日粮中添加仔猪复合酶替代部分抗生素。观察其对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响．证明酶制剂在仔猪日粮的应用价值。     

日粮纤维与非淀粉多糖酶对生长鹅日粮真代谢能当量的影响

本试验研究非淀粉多糖(NSP)酶与日粮纤维对日粮真代谢能的影响并考察日粮纤维与NSP酶的真代谢能当量关系,采用U8(82)拟水平二次均匀设计,将生长鹅日粮粗纤维分为:3.00%、5.67%、8.33%、11.00%4个水平,NSP酶分为:0%、0.133%、0.267%、0.400%4个水平,两因素组成8个日粮处理;选择42日龄、体质健壮的二元杂交(朗德鹅×豁眼鹅)公鹅45只,随机均分为9组,每组5只,每个重复1只,其中1组用于内源能量测定,其他8组对应8个日粮处理,进行代谢试验,用真代谢能法测定日粮真代谢能.结果表明:日粮粗纤维水平在3.00%～11.00%范围内,日粮真代谢能呈二次曲线规律,存在极大值;日粮真代谢能达极大值(11.79 Ml/kg)的粗纤维水平为5.50%;NSP酶在O%～0.40%范围内,日粮真代谢能呈二次曲线规律,存在极大值;当日粮粗纤维水平为3.00%时,日粮真代谢能达极大值(11.96 Ml/kg)的NSP酶水平为0.31%;日粮粗纤维的能量当量为-17.45～9.09 MJ/kg;NSP酶的能量当量为152.50～338.46 MJ/kg.     

如何正确调节产蛋鸡的日粮能量需求

蛋鸡在整个产蛋期中,每日饲料的消耗都是不均衡的。这是因为饲料的消耗要受到日粮中代谢能的浓度、产蛋率、蛋重和环境温度等因素的影响。为此,在养鸡生产上,要按照鸡的生理需要来调节日粮中的能量和蛋白质浓度,这是养鸡户用以提高产蛋率、降低生产成本和提高养鸡经济效益的一项重要举     

两种酶制剂对早期断奶仔猪效果的比较

本试验旨在比较酶制剂八宝威和一种国产酶制剂对早期断奶仔猪的效果,涉及28±2日龄断奶的仔猪75头。在基础日粮中添加0.8公斤/吨的八宝威或1公斤/吨国产酶制剂,两次试验的综合结果是:在25天的试验期内,添加八宝威比国产酶制剂增重提高5.7％,饲料利用效率提高3％,经济效益也以添加八宝威较好。     

日粮中添加复合酶制剂对断乳仔猪生长性能的影响

选取54头7～8 kg健康的"杜长大"断乳仔猪作为试验动物,根据体重相近、公母各半、随机分配的原则分为对照组和试验组,每组设3重复,每个重复9头,探讨添加复合酶制剂对仔猪生长性能和腹泻率的影响。试验组日粮中添加0.5 g/kg泛亚太复合酶制剂后,仔猪的日增重提高,料重比降低,但差异不显著(P>0.05);并可降低仔猪腹泻率和饲料成本。结果表明,在仔猪日粮中添加0.5 g/kg泛亚太复合酶制剂可提高仔猪的生长性能,提高经济效益。     

Influence of multi-enzyme preparation supplemented with sodium butyrate on growth performance blood profiles and economic benefit of growing rabbits

The present study was carried out to explore the impacts of dietary supplementation of enzyme mixture with sodium butyrate on the growth performance, carcass traits, blood profile and economic benefit in two breeds of weanling rabbits adapted to survive in Egypt (New Zealand White and Rex). One-hundred and twenty weaned male rabbits (New Zealand White and Rex) of 6 weeks of age and 770.5 ± 20 g body weight were allotted randomly into four groups in a factorial arrangement. The obtained results indicated that there were non-significant differences in all growth performance traits, blood profile and economic parameters due to the breed effect. However, there were significant differences in most of carcass traits due to the breed effect except total giblets and New Zealand White breed showed the highest value of these parameters including dressing % (p < .01), forequarter and loin % (p < .001) and hindquarter % (p < .003) compared with Rex breed counterparts. The effect of the treatment and its interaction with the breed significantly (p < .05) improved body weight gain, feed consumption and carcass traits (percentage of dressing, forequarter, hind quarter and lion). However, final body weight and feed conversion ratio were not significantly influenced. Supplementing a diet with treatment significantly decreased blood triglycerides, cholesterol and the ratio between albumin and globulin (A/G ratio), while increased blood total protein and globulin. Although higher feed cost and total costs in treated groups than control ones in each breed, they showed higher total return and net return. Rex non-treated rabbit breed showed the lowest profitability measures compared with other groups. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of multi-enzyme with sodium butyrate is highly recommended in growing rabbits due to their beneficial effects on the growth performance and profitability.     

复合酶制剂体外酶解小麦的研究

<正>酶制剂在动物饲养中的作用效果已得到广泛认可,但饲养试验耗时长、费用高,影响因素多,效果不稳定。胃蛋白酶-胰蛋白酶两步消化法是用来体外测定动物对饲料的消化率,与体内测定法相比,该法快速、方便且费用不高,测定准确。     

复合酶制剂对早期断奶仔猪消化机能的影响研究

试验主要研究不同水平的复合酶制剂(0%,0.1%,0.5%,1.0%)对断奶仔猪消化机能的影响。结果表明,饲料中添加复合酶制剂提高了营养物质消化率,其中干物质、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪均达显著水平(P<0.05);且随酶制剂水平的增加,腹泻频率、粪便总菌数、大肠杆菌数表现出不同程度的降低,而乳酸杆菌表现出上升趋势,但差异均不显著(P>0.05)。大肠杆菌数较对照组分别降低2.51%、9.18%、9.56%。     

复合多酶体系有助于提高肉鸡的生产性能

<正>采用固态发酵技术(Solid-substrate fermentation,SSF)生产的,含有植酸酶、淀粉酶和非淀粉多糖酶等的复合多酶制剂(特威宝SSF,奥特奇公司)已顺利投放市场,用于肉鸡生产养殖,以提高     

Investigation of the feed value of straw

Two groups of four pigs each were fed ad libitum with rations containing 70.7% barley, 7.7% fish meal, 0.7% Sussopan, 0.9% mixed minerals and 20% straw meal. Group 1 received partly hydrolysed straw meal, group 2 untreated straw meal. When those rations were given, weight increase performances of 767 g per animal and day in group 1 and 537 g per animal and day in group 2 were achieved in a preliminary 30-day feeding period. On the basis ofthe weight of the feed remnants, a consumption of 19.7% dry matter of the straw meal (group 1) resp. 18,5% (group 2) of the total intake of dry matter could be ascertained. At an average live weight of 93 kg (group 1) resp. 87.5 kg (group 2) the digestibility of both rations was examined. A significant difference was only found for the crude protein fraction with an apparent digestibility of 74.6% in group 1 and of 79.1% in group 2. Those pigs which received partly hydrolysed straw meal consumed 71.4 g N per animal and day, of which 25,4% were excreted in feces and 32.4% in urine. Those animals which were fed with untreated straw meal consumed 62.9 g N per animals and day of which 20.8% were excreted in feces and 49.7% in urine. The higher N-excretion in feces could also be proved for most amino acids the feeding with partly hydrolysed straw meal. For arginine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, isoleucine and Leucine these differences were significant. Differences concerning N-retention could not be found between the groups. 25% of the organic matter of the partly hydrolysed straw meal, 9.4% of the crude fibre and 44.2% of the N-free extractives were digestible. Of the untreated straw, 12.9% of the organic matter, 5.5% ofthe crude fibres and 21.7% of the N-free extractives were digestible. 193 EFpig were calculated for partly hydrolysed and 105 EFpig for untreated straw meal per kg dry matter. The result of substracting the CaCl2 of the partly hydrolysed straw meal is 205 EFpig per kg dry matter of the straw.     

动物育种目标性状经济重要性研究的方法

动物育种者的主要目的是根据适宜的育种目标选育优良的种用个体,确保生产群在预期的生产目标和市场条件下获得最大的经济效益。随着育种科学的发展,确定和评价动物育种目标的方法趋于在多性状的综合选择中用综合育种值表达数量化的育种目标。由于育种目标在育种方案的实施过程中得以实现,所以在育种方案中,育种目标性状通常包含对遗传进展更为有利的经济性状。而以经济效益为基础的动物育种目标,通过确定目标性状的经济重要性阐明收益性过程中遗传的作用,简化了选择方案的研究。本文根据定量经济学原理,育种目标性状经济重要性是性状边际效益和性状经贴现的标准化性状表现值的乘积量,综述了动物育种目标性状的边际效益以及各性状经贴现的标准化性状表现值获得的方法对育种目标性状经济重要性研究的方法。