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通过赴加拿大高级别兽医生物安全实验室建设与管理的培训和考察,详细论述了加拿大高级别兽医生物安全实验室建设管理体系的先进理念和管理方式等法律法规,建设布局,旨对提高我国(省)高级别生物安全实验室的建设和管理水平。 相似文献
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当前,我国兽医生物安全实验室进入了建设高峰期,但生物安全实验室的管理,特别是高等级生物安全实验室的建设与管理是摆在广大兽医工作者面前的新课题.通过学习瑞典、瑞士、荷兰、西班牙等国外生物安全实验室先进的设计、建设与管理经验,对我国兽医生物安全实验室建设与管理工作具有一定的启示和借鉴意义. 相似文献
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我国生物安全实验室管理体系已不能完全适应当前实验室实际发展需要。本文通过对比分析我国和发达国家生物安全实验室管理体系的建立和发展历程,指出我国生物安全实验室标准体系虽已逐步完善,但是与发达国家相比还存在一定差距,存在管理体系不健全、标准更新滞后、生物安全意识淡薄、人员培训不到位等诸多问题,这些因素已阻碍了我国生物安全实验室的健康发展。针对存在的问题,提出了相应措施和建议,以期为下一步制定科学的标准、法规和技术规范提供参考。 相似文献
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目前,我国高等级兽医生物安全实验室建设工作刚刚起步,同发达国家相比有很大差距,如何设计和建设,以及建设完后如何管理,如何安全地运行和使用等问题都摆到了我们面前。 相似文献
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季明 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2007,(5):34-35
在经历了SARS和禽流感疫情的洗礼后,党中央、国务院高度重视病原微生物实验室生物安全管理,2004年11月国务院颁布实施了《病原微生物实验室生物安全管理条例》,对实验室的生物安全提出了明确的要求。但由于长期以来缺乏实验室生物安全管理的法律法规和统一的建设标准,实验室管理和建设很不规范,尤其是相关兽医实验室的标准法规仍不完善,很多还是参照医学标准执行。2006年9月“全国兽医实验室信息管理系统”的启动标志着全国兽医 相似文献
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市、县级兽医系统实验室是市、县动物疫病预防控制中心履行动物疫病监测、检测职能的重要部门。对于市、县级兽医系统实验室来说,只要达到生物安全二级水平就能够满足工作需要;而抓好市、县级兽医系统实验室的硬件设施建设,是满足实验室生物安全防护、保障试验人员以及环境生物安全的重要前提条件。1实验室设施建设过程中应参考的依据市、县级兽医系统实验室在新建、改建以及装修的过程当中,应当遵循有关环保、生物安全等方面的规范和条例,这些规范和条例有推荐性 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献