武义县野生木本中草药资源

武义县野生木本中草药资源计有７５科２０１属３８０种,按其功效和药理作用划分成１９类。文中对主要中草药的药用部位,采集加工,性味功能等作了描述。最后在分析资源特点的基础上,提出具体的开发利用意见。     

中药十八反在家兔上的毒性试验——中药十八反研究报告之二

在301只(试验组260只,对照组41只)健康肉用家兔上对中药十八反(藻、戟、遂、芫与甘草组)的刺激作用和毒性进行了试验研究。内容包括临床观察、血液及生化指标测定、病理剖检及组织学检查等.用实验量的四种单味药海藻、大戟、甘遂、芫花及其与甘草配伍后,在260只家兔(其中60只进行了组织学检查)于服药后5、24、48小时观察,临床不显异常变化。病理学及组织学检查的结果,试验组与对照组相比出现了明显差异。血液12项生理生化指标测定,单味组与健康对照组、配伍组与健康对照组分别进行非配对 t 检验,其结果无一定规律性。计96个项目中,28项表现差异显著(P<0.05),13项表现差异非常显著(P<0.01)。试验结果还表明,大戟与甘草配伍后其毒性比单味大戟增强,而甘遂与甘草配伍后其毒性比单味甘遂减弱。     

发挥资源优势,推进广西中草药产业化进程

广西中草药种质资源丰富,现已查明有中草药物种4623余种,在全国排第二位,仅次于云南.文章结合广西自然气候优势,概述了广西中草药资源的分布与开发利用现状,并针对其中存在的产业规模小、技术落后、产品缺乏市场竞争力等问题,提出了合理高效开发广西中草药资源的5项产业化对策.     

中草药防治鸡大肠杆菌病试验报告

以黄芩、栀子、白头翁、穿心莲等药物为主组成的中草药组方－鸡痢灵，粉碎制剂后，桉0．5％比例拌料用于防治鸡的大肠杆菌病。经对10万余只由大肠杆菌引起的肝周炎、心包炎、输卵管炎、卵黄腹膜炎及混合染料的病鸡进行治疗试验，平均治愈率为81．8％。显示该方对鸡大肠杆菌病有较好的防治效果。     

林下套种中草药的栽培方法与技术

发展林下套种中草药可以充分利用林地资源,长短结合,能创造出更高的经济效益、生态效益及社会效益.分析了中草药的发展现状与市场前景,阐述了林下套种中草药的意义和原则,总结了林下套种中草药的8种栽培模式,从选种、选地、整地、栽培管理、采收等方面介绍了林下套种中草药的主要技术,指出了林下套种中草药存在的问题并提出了相关的建议.     

Growing food,growing a movement: climate adaptation and civic agriculture in the southeastern United States

This article examines the role that civic agriculture in Georgia (US) plays in shaping attitudes, strategies, and relationships that foster both sustainability and adaptation to a changing climate. Civic agriculture is a social movement that attracts a specific type of “activist” farmer, who is linked to a strong social network that includes other farmers and consumers. Positioning farmers’ practices within a social movement broadens the understanding of adaptive capacity beyond how farmers adapt to understand why they do so. By drawing upon qualitative and quantitative data and by focusing on the cosmological, organizational, and technical dimensions of the social movement, the study illuminates how social values and networks shape production and marketing strategies that enable farmers to share resources and risks. We propose a conceptual framework for understanding how technical and social strategies aimed to address the sustainability goals of the movement also increase adaptive capacity at multiple timescales. In conclusion, we outline directions for future research, including the need for longitudinal studies that focus on consumer motivation and willingness to pay, the effects of scale on consumer loyalty and producer cooperation, and the role of a social movement in climate change adaptation. Finally, we stress that farmers’ ability to thrive in uncertain climate futures calls for transformative approaches to sustainable agriculture that support the development of strong social networks.     

浙江中药材产业化的必然性及发展对策

通过对浙江省中药材产业化现状的分析,阐述发展中药材产业化的必要性,提出加强浙江省道地药材生产基地建设,培育龙头企业,加强科技创新,加强种质资源保护与开发,加大政策支持和财政投入力度等对策和建议.     

重庆中药材种植区域分布及中药农业产业化发展的思考和建议

针对重庆中药材种植现状及存在的问题,结合重庆的优势条件和地方政策,为发挥中药农业产业在地方经济发展中的重要战略作用,探讨了如何推进重庆中药农业产业化进程,旨在为中药材种植与＂森林重庆＂建设协调发展,有效促进重庆市城乡统筹发展并尽快实现＂两翼＂农户万元增收提供有力保障。     

美国的土壤保护:给中国农业借鉴

美国政府通过多种项目对采用土壤保护实践的农场提供资金和技术援助。联邦政府津贴对土壤保护取得的显著成就发挥了重要作用。阐述美国土壤保护的成功经验以给中国农业的决策者们提供参考。     

病原哈氏弧菌对20种中草药的敏感性测定及分析

采用琼脂平板扩散法(打孔法),测定了大黄、板蓝根、苏木、金银花等20种中草药对哈氏弧菌的药物敏感性,结果发现五倍子、艾草、苏木、大黄、地锦草等12种中草药能有效抑制哈氏弧菌的生长,而石菖蒲、黄芪、金钱草和土茯苓等8种中草药对哈氏弧菌的抑菌作用较小;同时,采用试管2倍稀释法进行了大黄、穿心莲、黄芩、石韦、苏木等10种中草药对哈氏弧菌的抑菌作用,结果表明10种中草药对哈氏弧菌都具有抑菌作用,最小抑菌浓度在2.0～250 g/L之间,其中五倍子的抑菌效果最好,对哈氏弧菌的MIC小于2.0 g/L;桑叶和金银花的抑菌效果最差,对哈氏弧菌的MIC为500 g/L.     

促产蛋中草药剂的抗应激试验研究

以中草药为主体的饲料添加剂强力速补 ,具有提高蛋鸡产蛋率的作用。以 2 5 0 %的强力速补药液 0 .0 2mL/ g给小白鼠灌胃 ,观察在寒冷、高温、缺氧条件和水浴中小白鼠的存活时间。结果显示实验组小白鼠存活时间明显长于对照组 (P <0 .0 1或P <0 .0 5 ) ,说明强力速补对机体具有良好的抗应激效应     

Fertility in the United States

From the postwar high of 3.8 births per woman at the peak of the baby boom, the total fertility rate in the United States has fallen to 1.8, where it has remained unchanged for nearly a decade. This below-replacement level of fertility has, in recent decades, characterized most Western countries, some of which have shown declines to well below 1.5 births per woman. Were it not for the continued infusion of immigrants, the U.S. population, which already shows the aging characteristic of low fertility, would stop growing and begin to decline before the middle of the next century. The low fertility in the United States has been accomplished by a postponement of marriage and by the widespread use of contraception, with heavy reliance on surgical sterilization as a contraceptive method. Judging from the experience of other Western countries and from our own historical experience of two centuries of fertility decline interrupted only by the baby boom, as well as from the absence of social trends that would counteract those contributing to that decline, the prognosis is for a continued low level of fertility in the United States.     

陕西、甘肃中药材产业发展的经验与启示

中国加入WTO和国际经济一体化格局的形成,越来越多的国家和地区对中药材的疗效和良好的保健功能予以认可.人类返璞归真、崇尚自然的热情日益高涨,以中药材为原料的生物农药、色素、化工、纺织等环保产业快速发展,需求量与日俱增,给中药材产业的发展带来了前所未有的机遇.通过分析陕西、甘肃2省中药材产业发展的概况及主要做法,借鉴2省的成功经验,提出浙江省发展中药材产业应整合资源、建设市场、科学规划、标准化种植,充分挖掘传统特色产业的优势,进一步做强做大中药材产业.