普乐宝和喹乙醇在生长猪日粮中的效果对比试验

将24头生长猪随机分为2组,在日粮中分别添加0．2％普乐宝和25×10－6喹乙醇,进行了30天的对比试验。结果普乐宝组日增重、饲料报酬比喹乙醇组分别高11．5％、11．1％,差异极显著（P＜O．01）,头均增收8．75元,利润增加26．8％。     

高羊茅种子生产品比试验

透过7个高羊茅品种(威特、沙漠王子、黄金岛、迈克18、瑞气、三A和可奇思)的草坪质量、分蘖数、有效分蘖率、抽穗数和种子产量五个方面的比较得出：威特和迈克18是我省高羊茅种子生产的首选品种。     

南酸枣不同嫁接方法对比试验

采用船形芽腹接、小芽腹接、段芽接、段枝接和单芽切接（对照）五种不同嫁接方法对比试验表明：处理Ⅰ(船形芽腹接法)的成活率比对照高14.8%、达极显著水平;处理Ⅳ(段技接法)的成活率比对照低24.5%。春季船形芽腹接法能有效提高嫁接成活率和苗圃出苗率。     

Microdose computed tomographic cardiac angiography in normal cats

ObjectivesTo determine if microdose contrast-enhanced multi-detector computed tomographic angiography (MDCTA) allows characterization of cardiac chambers in lightly sedated normal cats.AnimalsSeven healthy domestic cats.MethodsLightly sedated normal cats were imaged pre-contrast and with microdose (0.22 ml/kg of non-ionic iodinated contrast medium, 300 mg I/ml) triple-phase MDCTA in a motion restriction device.ResultsOn pre-contrast images, the aorta (median: 52.43 Hounsfield units [HU], range 27.35–76.74 HU) was outlined by significantly (p = 0.015) lower attenuating periaortic fat (−66.16 HU, −42.62 to −92.77 HU). On post-contrast images, median peak contrast enhancement in the right ventricle (111.77 HU, 36.09–141.60 HU) was achieved in 3.1 s (range 2.9–7.3 s), in the aorta (149.30 HU, 99.43–319.60 HU) and left atrium (180.83 HU, 88.53–266.84 HU) in 6.4 s (range 5.6–7.7 s) and in the left ventricle (147.89 HU, 57.23–245.77 HU) in 7.10 s (range 6.2–11.2 s). Significantly higher attenuation was measured between all chambers and walls, the right ventricular lumen and interventricular septum (median ratio 53.78 HU, range 0.21–83.20 HU), left ventricular lumen and left ventricular free wall (89.32 HU, 38.81–185.95 HU) and aorta and periaortic fat (190.43 HU, 143.22–425.44 HU) on post-contrast images.ConclusionsSufficient biological contrast is available on survey CT to discriminate between the aorta and the left atrium, and microdose MDCTA provides sufficient contrast enhancement for adequate visualization of the heart chambers in normal cats.     

Computed Tomographic Angiography of the Pancreas in Cats with Chronic Diabetes Mellitus Compared to Normal Cats

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrinopathy in cats. No known diagnostic test or patient characteristic at the time of diagnosis can predict likely disease course, unlike in people in whom computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is used. No published data exist regarding the CTA appearance of the pancreas in cats with DM, and thus, it is unknown what if any CTA variables should be further assessed for associations with pancreatic endocrine function.

Hypothesis/Objectives

A significant difference in pancreatic attenuation, volume, and size will be identified between normal cats and those with chronic DM on CTA.

Animals

Ten healthy control cats and 15 cats with naturally occurring DM present for >12 months.

Methods

Prospective cross‐sectional study comparing pancreatic attenuation, enhancement pattern, size, volume, pancreatic volume‐to‐body weight ratio (V:BW), pancreatic arterial: portal phase ratio (A:P), time‐to‐arterial enhancement, and time‐to‐peak portal enhancement on CTA between sedated healthy control cats and those with chronic DM.

Results

The pancreas in cats with chronic DM was significantly larger, had higher volume, higher V:BW, and shorter time‐to‐peak portal enhancement on CTA when compared to normal cats.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Peak portal enhancement time, pancreatic size, pancreatic volume, and V:BW can be used to differentiate normal sedated cats from those with chronic DM by CTA. These variables warrant further investigation to identify possible associations with endocrine function.     

短芒披碱草与老芒麦、垂穗披碱草的对比试验

2008～2011年在互助县东沟乡进行了短芒披碱草与老芒麦、垂穗披碱草的生产性能及经济性状比较试验,表明短芒披碱草的产草量及产籽量比其他两个品种高,产籽量差异极显著,而且适应性广,抗逆性强,是青海省农牧区草地建设,退耕还草和生态治理的优良牧草品种。     

Adverse Reactions in Horses that Underwent General Anesthesia and Cervical Myelography

Background

The study was prompted by a perceived high prevalence of myelographic complications varying in severity and type, and attributed to the contrast material or the procedure.

Hypotheses

1. Any adverse reaction (AAR) is associated with a change in CSF volume induced either by removal of CSF or addition of contrast material. 2. AAR occurs more frequently in horses with higher premyelography neurologic grade. 3. Nonspecific hyperthermia is attenuated by anti‐inflammatory and osmotic agents.

Animals

Horses (n = 278) that underwent myelography between 2000 and 2012 at 5 institutions: A (87), B (68), C (65), D (46), and E (12).

Methods

Multi‐institutional, retrospective, observational cross‐sectional study.

Results

AAR were observed in 95/278 (34%) horses, were associated with longer general anesthesia time (P = .04) and higher contrast‐medium volume (P = .04); euthanasia because of AAR was performed in 5/278 (2%) horses. Adverse neurologic reactions were the most common type of complication observed occurring in 15/278 (5%) and 42/235 (18%) of horses in the intra‐ and postmyelography periods. A relationship between AAR and premyelography neurologic grade was not identified (P = .31). Nonspecific hyperthermia was observed in 25/235 (11%) horses; no relationship was observed with administration of anti‐inflammatory drugs and osmotic agents (P = .30).

Conclusions and clinical importance

The category of AAR occurred in one‐third of the horses generally was mild and self‐limiting. These reactions were associated with increased contrast‐medium volume and longer anesthesia time; but, no specific procedural recommendations could be made because of small odds ratios (OR) of <2 for each 1 mL increase in contrast material and for each 1 minute of additional anesthesia time.     

Quantitative Contrast‐enhanced Ultrasonographic Assessment of Naturally Occurring Pancreatitis in Dogs

Background

Quantitative contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) can detect pancreatic perfusion changes in experimentally induced canine pancreatitis. However, its usefulness in detecting perfusion changes in naturally occurring pancreatitis is unclear.

Hypothesis/Objectives

To determine the feasibility of using CEUS to detect pancreatic and duodenal perfusion changes in naturally occurring canine pancreatitis.

Animals

Twenty‐three client‐owned dogs with pancreatitis, 12 healthy control dogs.

Methods

Dogs diagnosed with pancreatitis were prospectively included. CEUS of the pancreas and duodenum were performed. Time‐intensity curves were created from regions of interest in the pancreas and duodenum. Five perfusion parameters were obtained for statistical analyses: time to initial up‐slope, peak time (Tp), time to wash‐out (TTW), peak intensity (PI), and area under the curve (AUC).

Results

For the pancreas, Tp of the pancreatitis group was prolonged when compared to controls (62 ± 11 seconds versus 39 ± 13 seconds; P < .001). TTW also was prolonged but not significantly (268 ± 69 seconds versus 228 ± 47 seconds; P = .47). PI and AUC were increased when compared to controls (95 ± 15 versus 78 ± 13 MPV; P = .009 and 14,900 ± 3,400 versus 11,000 ± 2,800 MPV*s; P = .013, respectively). For the duodenum, PI and AUC were significantly increased in the pancreatitis group when compared to controls.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography can detect pancreatic perfusion changes in naturally occurring canine pancreatitis characterized by delayed peak with prolonged hyperechoic enhancement of the pancreas on CEUS. Additionally, duodenal perfusion changes secondary to pancreatitis were observed.     

Contrast-enhanced power and color Doppler ultrasonography of the pancreas in healthy and diseased cats

Background: The diagnosis of feline pancreatic disease is difficult, because clinical abnormalities and routine noninvasive diagnostic tests are unreliable. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate by Doppler ultrasonography if vascularity and blood volume differs in the otherwise ultrasonographically normal and diseased feline pancreas. Animals: Thirty‐six client owned cats. Methods: The pancreas was examined with B‐mode and contrast‐enhanced color and power Doppler ultrasonography. Doppler images were analyzed with a computer program: parameter fractional area represents a vascularity index and color‐weighted fractional area assesses blood volume. Results: Based on the B‐mode findings, the pancreas was considered normal in 11 clinically healthy cats and diseased in 25 cats of which 4 were clinically healthy and 21 had clinical signs consistent with pancreatic disease. Histologic or cytologic samples were taken in all diseased pancreata. Fifteen samples were of diagnostic quality: purulent or mixed cellular inflammation (8), nodular hyperplasia (4), and neoplasia (3) were identified. Vascularity and blood volume for all Doppler methods was significantly higher in cats with pancreatic disease. Significantly higher Doppler values were detected with power Doppler than with color Doppler, and with postcontrast color and power Doppler than with precontrast Doppler technologies. Conclusion: Contrast‐enhanced Doppler ultrasonography appears feasible in the feline pancreas. Significant differences were found between normal cats and those with evidence of pancreatic pathology. Further studies are needed to evaluate its use for the differentiation of pancreatic disorders and in cats suspected to have pancreatic disease but without B‐mode ultrasonographic changes of the pancreas.     

云南德宏象草与王草的对比试验研究

通过对德宏象草和王草的植物学特征、生物学特性进行观测比较，结果表明：德宏象草种子实生苗生长速度快，其自然扩展蔓延途径主要依靠种子繁殖进行；德宏象草的干物质产量、主要营养成分均极显著高于王草（P〈0．01），但德宏象草的生长高度、分蘖数均低于王草；德宏象草幼茎（直径〈3cm）的再生能力极显著高于王草幼茎的再生能力（P〈0．01），而德宏象草主茎（直径〉3cm）的再生能力极显著低于王草主茎的再生能力（P〈0．01）；德宏象草最适刈割留茬高度为10cm，利用高度应控制在1m左右为宜。     

Persistent left cranial vena cava draining into the left atrium associated with pulmonary stenosis in a French bulldog

A 5-month-old female French bulldog was evaluated for the presence of a heart murmur. Through clinical and echocardiographic evaluations, a severe Type A pulmonary stenosis was diagnosed. Angiography during right ventricular catheterization for valvuloplasty revealed drainage from a persistent left cranial vena cava (PLCVC) into the left atrium; this was confirmed later by contrast echocardiography. This report is the first to describe this anatomical variant of a PLCVC in a dog.     

云南德宏象草与王草的对比试验研究

通过对德宏象草和王草的植物学特征、生物学特性进行观测比较,结果表明:德宏象草种子实生苗生长速度快,其自然扩展蔓延途径主要依靠种子繁殖进行;德宏象草的干物质产量、主要营养成分均极显著高于王草(P<0.01),但德宏象草的生长高度、分蘖数均低于王草;德宏象草幼茎(直径<3cm)的再生能力极显著高于王草幼茎的再生能力(P<0.01),而德宏象草主茎(直径>3cm)的再生能力极显著低于王草主茎的再生能力(P<0.01);德宏象草最适刈割留茬高度为10cm,利用高度应控制在1m左右为宜。     

Measurement of pulmonary transit time in healthy cats by use of ultrasound contrast media “Sonovue®”: Feasibility,reproducibility, and values in 42 cats

ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of measuring pulmonary transit time (PTT) in healthy cats by transthoracic echocardiography using the ultrasound contrast agent Sonovue^®. To determine normalized PTT (nPTT) values in 42 healthy cats and to estimate the interobserver variability and the within-day repeatability of nPTT measurements.AnimalsForty-two privately owned healthy cats of different breeds, gender and age presented for cardiac examination.MethodsA bolus injection of contrast agent (Sonovue^®) was administered intravenously. The right parasternal short axis echocardiographic view was used to record the contrast agent's transit time from the pulmonary artery to the left atrium. Pulmonary transit time and nPTT were determined independently by three examiners with different levels of experience.ResultsNormalized PTT was 4.12 ± 1.0 (mean ± SD) in our population. The median interobserver variability across our population was 6.8%, the median within-day variability for the three observers were 13.1%, 12.7% and 13%. No effect of the observer's experience on nPTT measurement was identified. Age, sex and body weight did not significantly influence nPTT.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that nPTT measurement is feasible in cats using ultrasound and the blood pool contrast media Sonovue^®. Measurements of nPTT can be performed in a clinical setting. Normalized PTT values in healthy cats are comparable with those reported in healthy dogs.     

Use of Contrast‐Enhanced Fluid‐Attenuated Inversion Recovery Sequence to Detect Brain Lesions in Dogs and Cats

Background

The diagnostic value of a contrast‐enhanced T2‐weighted FLAIR sequence (ceFLAIR) in brain imaging is unclear.

Hypothesis/Objectives

That the number of brain lesions detected with ceFLAIR would be no greater than the sum of lesions detected with nFLAIR and ceT1W sequence.

Animals

One hundred and twenty‐nine animals (108 dogs and 21 cats) undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head between July 2010 and October 2011 were included in the study.

Methods

A transverse ceFLAIR was added to a standard brain MRI protocol. Presence and number of lesions were determined based on all available MRI sequences by 3 examiners in consensus and lesion visibility was evaluated for nFLAIR, ceFLAIR, and ceT1W sequences.

Results

Eighty‐three lesions (58 intra‐axial and 25 extra‐axial) were identified in 51 patients. Five lesions were detected with nFLAIR alone, 2 with ceT1W alone, and 1 with ceFLAIR alone. Significantly higher numbers of lesions were detected using ceFLAIR than nFLAIR (76 versus 67 lesions; P = 0.04), in particular for lesions also detected with ceT1W images (53 versus 40; P =.01). There was no significant difference between the number of lesions detected with combined nFLAIR and ceT1W sequences compared to those detected with ceFLAIR (82 versus 76; P =.25).

Conclusion and Clinical Importance

Use of ceFLAIR as a complementary sequence to nFLAIR and ceT1W sequences did not improve the detection of brain lesions and cannot be recommended as part of a routine brain MRI protocol in dogs and cats with suspected brain lesions.     

BALLOON DILATATION OF NASOPHARYNGEAL STENOSIS IN A CAT

A cat was diagnosed with nasopharyngeal stenosis on the basis of clinical signs, survey and contrast radiography, endoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. The condition was successfully managed with repeated balloon dilatation.     

几种灭鼠剂对高原鼠兔的灭鼠效果对比试验

应用4种灭鼠剂进行杀灭高原鼠兔的对比试验,从灭效和对环境的影响以及对人畜的安全性等方面的调查,认为采用生物灭鼠剂进行草原灭鼠效果更理想。     

牛肉用指数值变化的因素研究

[目的]为了进一步清楚影响牛肉用指数的因素,在肉牛生产中注意影响因素的控制,提高牛的生产性能.[方法]通过对云南饲养的牛进行BPI值对比分析研究.[结果]牛BPI值受年龄、季节营养水平、配种、产犊泌乳和品种等因素的影响.     

猫尾草引种对比试验

对岷山猫尾草和引进的日本猫尾草、百万猫尾草、百丽莎猫尾草等8种猫尾草在海拔2500m的岷县寺沟乡奔直寺进行栽培试验，结果表明：8种猫尾草鲜草产量差异不显著（p〉0．05），但Goliatl猫尾草、日本猫尾草和岷山猫尾草产草量、鲜干比、植株高度均表现较好，可在高寒阴湿地区大力推广。