绿汁发酵液对水稻秸青贮品质的影响

本试验利用绿汁发酵液作为青贮添加剂,研究其对水稻秸青贮品质的影响。结果表明,绿汁发酵液（PFJ）或其发酵液稀释再发酵后的绿汁发酵液（dPFJ）处理组青贮稻秸中的pH值和氨态氮水平明显低于其他处理组（P〈0.05）,乳酸含量也显著高于其他处理组。由此可见,PFJ和dPFJ能够明显地改善水稻秸青贮品质。     

添加绿汁发酵液对苜蓿青贮料发酵品质的影响

用未预干和预干的开花初期的苜蓿原料草，添加绿汁发酵液及将其稀释调制成的绿汁发酵液，探讨绿汁发酵液对青贮料发酵品质的影响，发见，除了未预干草中的dPFJ20绿汁发酵液的添加之外，其它的绿汁发酵液都明显改善了苜蓿青贮料的品质。     

绿汁发酵液对青贮玉米秸秆品质的影响

用收割后3、4、5、6d的玉米秸秆作原料调制了青贮。各种原料均设添加玉米面粉（CF）、绿汁发酵液（FGJ）、玉米面粉＋绿汁发酵液（MIX）和对照（CON）4个处理。室温下贮存50d开封,测定青贮的化学成分和发酵品质。结果表明,3种添加剂对提高玉米秸秆青贮的品质均有效,特别是MIX的添加效果最佳;同时,也表明玉米秸秆收割后4d是最佳的青贮开始时间。     

绿汁发酵液对青贮玉米秸秆品质的影响

用收割后3、4、5、6d的玉米秸秆作原料调制了青贮。各种原料均设添加玉米面粉(CF)、绿汁发酵液(FGJ)、玉米面粉 绿汁发酵液(MIX)和对照(CON)4个处理。室温下贮存50d开封,测定青贮的化学成分和发酵品质。结果表明,3种添加剂对提高玉米秸秆青贮的品质均有效,特别是MIX的添加效果最佳;同时,也表明玉米秸秆收割后4d是最佳的青贮开始时间。     

绿汁发酵液对青贮发酵品质影响的研究进展

绿汁发酵液是近年来研制出的一种安全、有效、无污染、无公害、绿色的青贮添加剂。本文系统总结了在青贮发酵中添加绿汁发酵液的添加效果及其影响因素，提出了粉剂化的绿汁发酵液在生产实践中具有很大的推广应用前景。     

添加绿汁发酵液和木聚糖酶对稻草青贮品质的影响

本试验旨在研究绿汁发酵液和木聚糖酶对稻草青贮品质的影响。在常规水分(MC1)稻草青贮和低水分(MC2)稻草青贮中均设对照(CON)组及添加2 mL/kg绿汁发酵液(FGJ)组、20 mg/kg木聚糖酶(XYL)组、2 mL/kg绿汁发酵液与20 mg/kg木聚糖酶的复合(MIX)组,每个处理组重复3次。常温下贮存60 d开封,测定青贮的发酵品质和化学成分。结果表明,MC1青贮中,与CON组相比,MIX组水分和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量显著降低(P<0.05),FGJ、XYL、MIX组氨态氮(AN)含量极显著降低(P<0.01)、水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量显著或极显著增加(P<0.05;P<0.01),XYL、MIX组中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量显著降低(P<0.05),FGJ组pH极显著降低(P<0.01);MC2青贮中,与CON组相比,FGJ组水分含量显著降低、水溶性碳水化合物含量及干物质回收率(DMR)显著增加(P<0.05),FGJ、MIX组氨态氮和中性洗涤纤维含量显著或极显著降低(P<0.05;P<0.01)、pH极显著降低(P<0.01),MIX组酸性洗涤纤维含量显著降低(P<0.05)。较MC1青贮,MC2青贮的pH和干物质回收率极显著增加(P<0.01),水溶性碳水化合物含量显著增加(P<0.05),氨态氮含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。综上所述,在常规水分和低水分稻草青贮中,3种添加剂均有显著的添加效果,以绿汁发酵液与木聚糖酶复合添加的效果最佳,且低水分稻草青贮的效果优于常规水分稻草青贮。     

有机酸对柱花草青贮品质和营养成分的影响

本试验旨在研究有机酸对柱花草青贮品质及营养成分的影响,以提高柱花草的青贮品质。以热研2号柱花草为原料进行青贮试验,分为4组,分别进行常规青贮(对照)和添加0.2%甲酸、乙酸和丙酸的青贮,每组3个重复。青贮30 d后,测定柱花草青贮饲料p H,乳酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸及主要营养成分含量。结果表明:柱花草直接青贮品质较差,添加有机酸显著降低青贮饲料的p H和丁酸含量(P0.05),提高粗蛋白质含量,乙酸组显著高于对照组(P0.05),降低中性洗涤纤维含量,甲酸组、乙酸组显著低于对照组(P0.05),同时,提高饲料相对值,甲酸组、乙酸组显著高于对照组(P0.05)。综合得出,添加有机酸能明显改善柱花草青贮品质和提高营养价值,添加0.2%乙酸青贮效果最好。     

绿汁发酵液和脱氢乙酸钠对水稻秸青贮发酵品质的影响

为了研究绿汁发酵液和脱氢乙酸钠对水稻秸青贮发酵品质的影响,试验设计4个处理组,分别为对照组:鲜水稻秸秆,试验Ⅰ组:鲜水稻秸秆+绿汁发酵液(2 L/t),试验Ⅱ组:鲜水稻秸秆+脱氢乙酸钠(1 kg/t),试验Ⅲ组:鲜水稻秸秆+绿汁发酵液(2 L/t)+脱氢乙酸钠(1 kg/t)4个组。45 d后对水稻秸青贮进行感官评定和实验室评定。结果表明,与对照组相比,水稻秸青贮中添加绿汁发酵液和脱氢乙酸钠可显著提高饲料的CP及乳酸含量,显著降低其中的pH值、氨态氮/总氮值、乙酸、丁酸、中性洗涤纤维及酸性洗涤纤维的含量(P<0.05);由此可见,绿汁发酵液或脱氢乙酸钠有助于提高青贮品质,且同时添加绿汁发酵液和脱氢乙酸钠的效果最好。     

Effects of Previously Fermented Juice on the Nutrient Composition and Quality of Stylo Silage

The experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of previously fermented juice (PFJ) on the nutrient composition and quality of stylo silage.The Stylosanthes guianensis Reyan No.2 were selected and there were six groups:Control group (to be silaged directly) and groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ which were added with 1%,2%,3%,4% and 5% PFJ,respectively.All groups were stored for 30 days,and then the chemical composition and fermentation quality of the stylo silage were analyzed.The results showed that compared to control group,CP contents of groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly increased (P < 0.05) and NDF,ADF contents of groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ Ⅳ and Ⅴ were decreased in different degree.The RFV of groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly increased (P < 0.05).Compared with control group,the pH of the PFJ treatment groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05),meanwhile acetic acid and propionic acid were decreased in different degree.Lactic acid contents were significantly increased (P < 0.05).The quality of stylo silage was poorer when it was silaged directly and the Flieg grades could be improved adding PFJ.In conclusion,adding PFJ could improve the fermentation quality and nutrient value of stylo silage and 4% PFJ was the proper application rate.     

甘蔗稍绿汁发酵液对菌糠发酵品质的影响

为探索菌糠有效的保存方法,本试验采用甘蔗稍绿汁发酵液为添加剂,研究不同的开封时间及甘蔗稍绿汁发酵液对菌糠青贮饲料发酵品质的影响。试验设2% 绿汁发酵液组和对照组（等量蒸馏水）,采用青贮袋抽真空密封贮存,放置室温。分别在发酵第1,3,7,15,30和60 d开封,测定发酵品质。每个处理5个重复。结果表明,甘蔗梢绿汁发酵液能够显著（P<0.05）降低的菌糠青贮饲料的pH值和显著（P<0.05）提高青贮饲料的乳酸含量,有效的促进菌糠发酵进程,保存其营养物质。菌糠青贮发酵饲料最佳的开封时间是15 d,最迟不宜超过30 d。     

绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶对香蕉茎玉米面粉混合青贮品质的影响

旨在研究绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶对香蕉茎与玉米面粉混合青贮发酵品质的影响。调制香蕉茎单贮(BSS)和香蕉茎玉米面粉混合青贮,在香蕉茎玉米面粉混合青贮中,设对照组(CON),添加2mL/kg绿汁发酵液(FGJ)组,添加0.05g/kg、0.15g/kg和0.25g/kg纤维素酶(CEL1、CEL2和CEL3)的3个水平组,添加FGJ+CEL1(MIX1)、FGJ+CEL2(MIX2)和FGJ+CEL3(MIX3)的3个混合组。每个处理重复3次。常温下贮存60d开封,测定青贮的发酵品质和化学成分。香蕉茎青贮混合玉米面粉后,pH和氨态氮/总氮(AN/TN)极显著降低。各添加剂在改善青贮的干物质方面均有不同的影响。在3个CEL组和3个MIX组中,丁酸(BA)含量有随着CEL水平的增加而减少的趋势。3个MIX组的酸性洗涤纤维显著或极显著低于FGJ组(P0.05,P0.01);3个MIX组分别在干物质回收率(DMR)和pH上优于CEL组。结果表明:香蕉茎玉米面粉混合青贮的效果优于香蕉茎单独青贮。各添加剂均能改善青贮品质,且混合添加绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶的青贮效果优于单独添加。     

绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶对香蕉茎+小麦麸混合青贮品质的影响

本试验旨在研究绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶对香蕉茎+小麦麸混合青贮发酵品质的影响。调制1个香蕉茎单贮(BSS)组和8个香蕉茎小麦麸混合青贮组,分别为1个对照(CON)组,添加2 mL/kg绿汁发酵液(FGJ)组,添加0.05、0.15和0.25 g/kg纤维素酶(CEL1、CEL2和CEL3)3个水平组,添加FGJ+CEL1(MIX1)、FGJ+CEL2(MIX2)和FGJ+CEL3(MIX3)3个混合组,每组均设3个重复。常温发酵60 d,测定青贮的发酵品质和化学成分。结果表明,与BSS组相比,CON组的气体损失率(GLR)和pH显著降低(P<0.05)。与CON组相比,各添加剂组的干物质(DM)、干物质回收率(DMR)和可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量有不同程度的增高,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)及氨态氮(AN)含量有不同程度的降低;与FGJ组相比,CEL和MIX组的DMR极显著升高(P<0.01)。在CEL组中,随CEL水平的增加,青贮效果愈好;与MIX1组相比,MIX3组的NDF含量显著减少(P<0.05),DMR显著升高(P<0.05);与CEL组相比,对应的MIX组有不同程度的改善。综上所述,在香蕉茎青贮中添加小麦麸有利于改善青贮品质,添加纤维素的效果优于添加绿汁发酵液的效果,二者混合效果更好,且混合后的青贮效果随着纤维素酶的增加而更好。     

绿汁发酵液及青贮苜蓿中乳酸菌的分离筛选及鉴定

苜蓿较难青贮,用青贮接种剂可提高苜蓿青贮的质量。本研究以pH的降低程度及稳定性,乳酸积累量多,产生香甜气味为指标,通过连续限制性培养,从绿汁发酵液、青贮苜蓿中共筛选出3株乳酸球菌和3株乳酸杆菌;该6株菌在72 h内均能使MRS液体培养基pH下降至3.2左右并维持稳定,在MRS固体培养基中培养散发出香甜气味,此6株菌可供开发苜蓿青贮接种剂作进一步研究。     

Effects of Fermented Green Juice and Cellulase on the Fermentation Quality of Rice Straw Silage and Rice Straw with Sugarcane Tip Mixed Silage

Rice straw and sugarcane tip were used as the silage materials in this research,and there were two groups:Rice straw silage and mixed silage of rice straw and sugarcane tip with the mixed ratio 6:4(m/m).Four treatment groups were set up in each silage:Control group (CON) and three treatment groups which added 2 mL/kg fermented green juice (FGJ),3 mL/kg cellulase (CEL) and 2 mL/kg FGJ+3 mL/kg CEL (MIX),and treatment was repeated 3 times. The materials were ensiled at room temperature for 60 days,and the fermentation quality and chemical compositions were tested. The result showed that for the two kinds of raw silage materials,the contents of WSC and CP in rice straw were lower than those in sugarcane tip,while the contents of NDF and ADF in rice straw were higher than those of sugarcane tip.Compared with the CON group,the NDF,ADF,pH and NH₃-N in FGJ group were extremely significantly decreased when rice straw was silaged alone (P<0.01),while WSC was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and DMR was increased. The NDF,ADF,pH,GLR and NH₃-N in MIX group were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),while lactic acid,WSC and DMR were increased. In CEL group, the ADF was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and other indicators also had improved in different degrees. Compared with rice straw silage,the NDF,HC,pH and NH₃-N of mixed silage were lower,while DMR and WSC were obviously increased. In conclusion,the fermented green juice and it compound with cellulase had the similar effects on improving the fermentation quality,and the effects were both better than that of cellulase. The fermentation quality of rice straw with sugarcane tip mixed silage was better than rice straw silage.     

绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶对稻草青贮及稻草、甘蔗梢混合青贮品质的影响

本研究以稻草和甘蔗梢为青贮原料,调制稻草青贮及稻草与甘蔗梢混合青贮（混合比例为6：4（m/m））。在稻草青贮及稻草、甘蔗梢混合青贮中均设计添加2 mL/kg的绿汁发酵液组（FGJ）、3 mL/kg的纤维素酶组（CEL）、2 mL/kg绿汁发酵液+3 mL/kg纤维素酶的复合组（MIX）和对照组（CON）,每个处理重复3次,室温条件下贮存60 d后开封,测定青贮的发酵品质和化学成分。结果显示,青贮原料稻草干物质中的可溶性碳水化合物（WSC）和粗蛋白质（CP）含量均低于甘蔗梢,而中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）含量均高于甘蔗梢。稻草单独青贮后,与CON组相比,FGJ组的NDF、ADF、pH和氨态氮均极显著降低（P<0.01）,WSC极显著增加（P<0.01）,干物质回收率（DMR）升高;MIX组的NDF、ADF、pH、气体损失率（GLR）和氨态氮均极显著降低（P<0.01）,乳酸、WSC及DMR升高;CEL组中除ADF显著降低外,其他指标也有不同程度的改善。与稻草青贮相比,稻草、甘蔗梢混合青贮的pH、氨态氮、NDF和半纤维素（HC）均降低,而DMR和WSC均明显升高。综上所述,绿汁发酵液及其与纤维素酶的复合添加剂对改善稻草青贮及稻草、甘蔗梢混合青贮品质的效果相近,且优于纤维素酶;稻草、甘蔗梢混合青贮的品质优于稻草青贮。     

陈皮柑汁对柱花草和水稻秸秆青贮品质的影响

为了探究陈皮柑(Citrus reticulata cv.Chachiensis)汁对柱花草(Stylosanthes guianensis L.)和水稻(Oryzasativ a L.)秸秆青贮品质的影响,本试验在新鲜柱花草和水稻秸秆青贮中分别添加0％ 陈皮柑汁(对照组),1％ 和2％ 陈皮柑汁(试验组),青贮30 ...