The Institute of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Jilin University

The Institute of Mechanical Science and Engineering of Jilin University consistsoffivedepartments andGovernment Teaching Base of Mechanical Foundation:Department of Machinery Manufacture &Automation,Department of Machinery Design & Automation,Department of Mechanical and ElectricalEngineering,Department of Engineering Mechanics,Department of Industrial Engineering.TheGovernment Teaching Base contains Engineering and Computer Graphics,Mechanical Mechanism,MachineDesign and Experi…     

The Institute of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Jilin University

The Institute of Mechanical Science and Engineering of Jilin University consistsoffivedepartments andGovernment Teaching Base of Mechanical Foundation:Department of Machinery Manufacture &Automation,Department of Machinery Design & Automation,Department of Mechanical and ElectricalEngineering,Department of Engineering Mechanics,Department of Industrial Engineering. TheGovernment Teaching Base contains Engineering and Computer Graphics,Mechanical Mechanism,MachineDesign and Exper…     

Brief Introduction to Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Discipline,College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang University

Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Discipline of Zhejiang University was a keydiscipline of the National “985”Program.This discipline currently has52 faculty members,including 1 Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering,1 6professors,and 1 3 Ph.D.student supervisors. Our discipline has many well-equipped labs,including a Key Open ResearchL ab of Agriculture Ministry of China,and some experimental bases forteaching and researching.In the recent3 years,over1 3 0 research proje…     

The Information Engineering Institute and the Electromechanical Engineering Institute, Jinhua College of Profession and Technology

JinhuaCollegeofProfessionandTechnologywasfirstfoundedin1994andwasgrantedasoneofthe keystate-levelconstructingcollegesin2003.Itisacomprehensiveandfull-timehighervocationalcollege,boastingwiththesubjectsofengineering,agriculture,medicine,economics,management,literature,pedagogyandarts.Thecollegeconsistsof12subordinateinstitutesofInformationEngineering,ElectromechanicalEngineering,ArchitecturalEngineering,GeneticEngineering,TradeandEconomy,Pedagogy,Medicine,Tourism,Arts,MaterialsandChemica…     

College of Engineering and Technology,Southwest University

Southwest University, one of the “Project 211”universities of China, was built by combiningSouthwest China Normal University and Southwest Agricultural University authorized by the Ministry ofEducation in July 2005. College of Engineering and Technology…     

Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College of Laiyang Agricultural University

Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College was founded 1969 and it was the Agricultural MechanizationDepartment with only one specialty of Agricultural Mechanization. From 1977, it began to offer an undergraduatespecialty of agricultural mechanization.…     

The College of Engineering and Technology,Hu'''' nan Agricultural University

The College of Engineering and Technology in Hu'nan Agricultural University was named AgriculturalMachinery Department when founded in 1 95 8,renamed as Agricultural Engineering Department in 1 984,and given the currentname in 1 994.The college has eight teaching and researching sections,including Mechanical Design Section,Metalwork Section,Electrical Engineering Section,Agricultural Machinery Section,Automobile andTractor Section,Water Conservancy and Electrical Engineering Sectio…     

The College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Universit

The College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering( MEE) was first founded in1 95 9,as Depart-ment of Agricultural Mechanics,which changed its name as Department of Agricultural Engineering in1 990 ,then Institute of Engineering and Technology in 1 994and finally College of Mechanical and ElectronicEngineering in2 0 0 0 respectively.Now there are60 staffsin the college including9professors and1 4associ-ate professors,and 73% of them have degrees of M.Eng.or Ph.D.With 4specialities f…     

Introduction to the College of Engineering and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University

The College of Engineering and Technology at Huazhong Agricultural University was set up on thebasis of the former Departmentof Agricultural Engineering in1 997under the ratification ofthe Ministry ofAgriculture.The college now has 71 staff members including 6professors,2 3associate professors,and 2senior engineers.Two of them won the award of the young and middle aged experts with outstandingachievements and1 2 were awarded the special allowance.Among all the academic staff,5 1 % ( 2 3) h…     

Brief Introduction to Research Center of Vehicle and Traffic Engineering,Qingdao University

Qingdao University( QU) ,one of the key comprehensive universities of Shandong Province,wascombined by former Qingdao University,Shandong Textile Engineering Institute,Qingdao MedicalCollege and Qingdao Teachers'College in 1 993. Nearly covering all the fields ofliberal arts,history,law,economics,management,science,technology,medicine,and education,5 1 undergraduate and42 graduate( master and doctorate) academic programs are offered by QU now for2 2 ,0 0 0 students( 62 0 graduatestudent…     

创刊寄语

《机手之机》杂志经农业部农业机械化管理司同意,江苏省科委和江苏省新闻出版局的批准,终于面世了。 《机手之友》杂志的创办,得到了上级有关部门和各省、市有关部门的鼎力协助,我们将十分珍惜这样的条件,努力办出自己的特色。     

Water–yield relations and optimal irrigation scheduling of wheat in the Mediterranean region

Crop yield is primarily water-limited in areas of West Asia and North Africa with a Mediterranean climate. Ten years of supplemental irrigation (SI) experiments in northern Syria were conducted to evaluate water–yield relations for bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.), and optimal irrigation scheduling was proposed for various rainfall conditions. The sensitive growth stages of wheat to water stress were from stem elongation to booting, followed by anthesis, and grain-filling. Water stress to which crop subjected depends on rainfall and its distribution during the growing season; the stress started from early March (stem-elongation stage) or even in seedling stage in a dry year, and from mid-April (anthesis) in an average or wet year. Crop yield linearly increased with increase in evapotranspiration (ET), with an increase of 160 kg for bread wheat and of 116 kg for durum wheat per 10 mm increase of ET above the threshold of 200 mm. Water-use efficiency (WUE) with a yield ≥3 t ha⁻¹ was ca. 60% higher than that with yield <3 t ha⁻¹; this emphasises the importance of that to achieve effective use of water, optimal water supply and relatively high yields need to be ensured. Quadratic crop production functions with the total applied water were developed and used to estimate the levels of irrigation water for maximizing yield, net profit and levels to which the crops could be under-irrigated without reducing income below that which would be earned for full SI under limited water resources. The analysis suggested that irrigation scenarios for maximizing crop yield and/or the net profit under limited land resource conditions should not be recommended. The SI scenarios for maximizing the profit under limited water resource conditions or for a targeted yield of 4–5 t ha⁻¹ were recommended for sustainable utilization of water resources and higher WUE. The time of irrigation was also suggested on the basis of crop sensitivity index to water stress taking rainfall probability and available soil water into account.     

Evaluation and Driving Force of Water Resources Carrying Capacity in Dianchi Basin北大核心CSCD

【Objective】The purpose of this paper to explore the coordination relationship between the water resources carrying capacity of the Dianchi Lake Basin and the socio-economic development and environment of the basin. 【Method】Select the water resources, social economy and environment-related indicators to construct a comprehensive evaluation model for the water resources carrying capacity of the Dianchi Lake Basin. The trend of pressure index, bearing capacity index, coordination index and water resources carrying capacity index of the basin from 2011 to 2015 was calculated and analyzed. The factor analysis method was used to further evaluate the water resources carrying capacity of the basin, and the main factors extracted were used. The driving force model of water resources carrying capacity was constructed to identify the main driving forces that affect the water resources carrying capacity of the Dianchi Lake Basin. 【Result】The water resources carrying capacity index of Dianchi Lake Basin showed an upward trend from 2011 to 2015; The main driving forces of water resources carrying capacity in Dianchi Basin were human activity factors and natural factors, including urbanization rate, economic development factors and annual average temperature and annual. Precipitation. GDP per capita and annual precipitation wrer positive drivers, and urbanization rates and annual average temperatures are negative drivers. 【Conclusion】Based on the sustainable development of social economy and the coordinated development of water resources system, the construction of water transfer project from the outer basin to Dianchi Lake Basin should be increased to form a multi-water source combined water transfer pattern, and the population quantity should be controlled on the basis of ensuring vigorous economic development. Establish a sound water resource efficient allocation and unified scheduling scheme for multi-source water supply in the basin water resources system. © 2019 Office of Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. All rights reserved.     

Water markets and soil salinity nexus: Can minimum irrigation intensities address the issue?

Agricultural water markets can facilitate adjustments to water scarcity and competition and enhance economic efficiency, but markets cannot automatically balance efficiency, equity and environmental sustainability goals. The consequences of water trading on soil salinity in irrigation areas are not yet fully understood, but recognized as an issue that needs to be analysed. This paper explores the nexus between water trading and groundwater-induced soil salinity in a selected irrigated area in the Murray-Darling Basin. Results show that minimum irrigation intensities must be met to flush salts out of the root zone especially in shallow water table/high salinity impact areas. Such minimum irrigation intensities are helpful but not necessarily in deep water table/low salinity impact areas. Should water markets lead to permanent water transfers out of mature irrigation areas, minimum irrigation intensity needs might not be met in high salinity impact areas, causing substantial negative impacts on resource quality and agricultural productivity. Water trading that adds to salinity cannot be economically viable in the long run. The tradeoffs between water trading and environmental and equity goals need to be determined. This work contributes to the wider debate on Australian water policy aimed at achieving water security through water trading in the Murray-Darling Basin.     

The Industrial Engineering College of Wenzhou University

The Industrial Engineering College of Wenzhou University,the quondam Department of Mechanicaland Electronic Engineering,was established in 1988,changed its name to the Mechanical EngineeringCollege in 2000 and took the present one in 2002.As a key engineering college of Wenzhou University,itmainly nurtures intellectuals with special knowledge in mechanical engineering and automation,industrialengineering,vehicle engineering,package engineering,industrial management,mechano-electrical prod…     

The Use of Brackish and Reclaimed Waste Water in Agriculture: A Review北大核心CSCD

Due to poor water resources management and appropriate water treatment technologies, freshwater resources depletion and water quality deterioration has made reclaimed waste water, brackish water and rainwater, called unconventional water, an important complementary resource for irrigation. However, due to its unique chemical quality, irrigating with unconventional water might lead to some detrimental impact on environment and impose health risks, which has attracted increased attention in both scientific and public community. This paper reviews the current situation of the usage of unconventional water resources for irrigation in both China and beyond, and summarized the potentially ecological risks of unconventional water, as well the national standards for regulating unconventional water irrigation. We also put forwards suggestions to improve safe and sustainable use of unconventional water resources for irrigation. © 2019 Authors. All rights reserved.     

Water–yield relationships and optimal water management for winter wheat in the Loess Plateau of China

High evaporative demand and limited precipitation restrict the yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in the Loess Plateau of China under semiarid climatic conditions. Grain yield can be improved by effective water management practices. A 13-year field experiment was conducted at the CERN Changwu Agro-ecological Experimental Station of the Loess Plateau to determine optimal irrigation strategies under limited water supply and to develop relationships among grain yield (Y), seasonal evapotranspiration (SET) and water-use efficiency (WUE). The experiment consisted of five irrigation treatments and three blocks. Measurements included grain yield, soil water content at various depth intervals in the 0–3,000 mm layer, irrigation amount, and precipitation. Results showed that winter wheat grown in this area experienced serious water stress during critical growth stages for the no-irrigation treatment. The amount and timing of irrigation had an important effect on grain yield, but significant differences in yield were not observed between the three-irrigation and the four-irrigation treatments. Grain yield was linearly related (R²=0.66) to SET, but differences in WUE were not significant for any of the treatments. The relationship between WUE and Y was best represented by a second order polynomial (R²=0.65) consisting of a nearly linear portion between 1.5 and 5.0 Mg ha^–1. Optimum water management of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau should consist of three 87.5 mm irrigations applied at stem elongation, booting, and anthesis.Communicated by J.E. Ayars     

中国水利工程协会大禹奖助学金颁发仪式在河海大学举行

6月21日,中国水利工程协会大禹奖助学金颁发仪式在河海大学举行.中国水利工程协会会长孙继昌、副会长兼秘书长周金辉,河海大学党委书记唐洪武、党委副书记郭继超,捐赠单位代表湖北水建建设有限公司董事长廉海星等出席颁发仪式. 孙继昌会长在讲话中指出,大禹奖助学金将秉承"扶贫济困、助学成才、激励先进"的宗旨,为水利事业培养和输送...     

创刊30周年寄语

《农业装备技术》从最初的《镇江农机资料》、《农机化科技》到《江苏农机与农艺》，直至今日的《农业装备技术》，历经30年风雨坎坷，从稚嫩走向成熟，深深扎根于现代农业的广阔沃野，已成为农业装备科技工作者的学术园地，农村实用技术信息交流的纽带，农业科技与农民之间的桥梁，服务“三农”的窗口，为我国农业机械化事业做出了重要的贡献。