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旨在揭示牦牛泌乳中期和静止期乳腺组织雌激素受体α(ERα)和雌激素受体β(ERβ)的分布及蛋白水平的表达。采集泌乳中期(分娩后3~4个月)和静止期(断乳后1个月)各5头健康牦牛的乳腺组织,应用SP免疫组织化学染色方法和Image pro plus 6.0图像分析软件检测ERα和ERβ在牦牛泌乳中期和静止期的分布情况,并采用Western blot技术对乳腺组织内的ERα和ERβ蛋白含量进行半定量测定。结果表明:泌乳中期牦牛乳腺组织内ERα大多分布于腺泡上皮细胞的细胞质、少部分分布于小叶间结缔组织内脂肪细胞的细胞核、偶见于血管内皮细胞的细胞核;静止期牦牛乳腺组织内ERα大量分布于结缔组织中脂肪细胞及血管内皮细胞的细胞核中,少数分布于腺泡上皮细胞的细胞质中;泌乳中期ERβ大多分布于乳腺腺泡上皮细胞的细胞质,偶见于血管内皮细胞及脂肪细胞的细胞核中,但着色较腺泡上皮细胞的细胞质浅。静止期ERβ广泛分布于乳腺导管上皮细胞的细胞质、小叶间结缔组织内间质细胞的细胞核及血管内皮细胞的细胞核中,腺泡上皮细胞的细胞质内也有表达,但较泌乳中期阳性细胞数少。牦牛乳腺组织内ERα蛋白的相对表达量静止期显著高于泌乳中期(P<0.05);静止期与泌乳中期乳腺组织内ERβ蛋白的相对表达量无显著差异(P>0.05)。雌激素受体不同亚型在不同发育期牦牛乳腺组织内的表达存在差异,提示,雌激素受体不同亚型在牦牛乳腺发育及泌乳生物学中可能执行不同的功能。 相似文献
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中西结合治疗奶牛卵泡囊肿 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
卵泡囊肿是奶牛常见的产科疾病之一。它主要是由于未排卵的卵泡及其上皮细胞变性 ,卵泡壁结缔组织增生、变厚 ,卵细胞死亡 ,卵泡液不被吸收或增多而形成的。如果只用激素类药物治疗 ,剂量与次数较难掌握 ,用药剂量过少 ,注射次数不足则治疗效果不显著 ;若剂量过大 ,注射次数过多会引起相反的效果。近年来 ,笔者在临床上采用中西医结合的方法治疗 5例奶牛卵泡囊肿 ,均获得满意的疗效。1 临床症状患有卵泡囊肿的奶牛可见无规律频繁的发情和持续发情 ,而且常常伴有阴道、子宫的炎症 ,阴户充血肿胀 ,经常流出一些透明或不完全透明的、具有定粘… 相似文献
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为了阐明鸡传染性法氏囊病对鸡法氏囊和腺胃组织结构的影响,以感染传染性法氏囊病的鸡的法氏囊和腺胃为供试材料,采用常规石蜡切片法制片,HE染色,显微镜下观察、拍照,对其进行病理组织学研究.主要病理组织学变化为:法氏囊上皮细胞变性、坏死;淋巴滤泡的结构尚存在,但大部分淋巴细胞已经消失,周围由增生的网状细胞排列成栅栏状的反应带.滤泡间的间质增宽;被膜下、滤泡之间见有大量红细胞,滤泡中心也发生坏死;上皮细胞增生,由单层变成多层,滤泡体积缩小,滤泡间结缔组织增生,有时滤泡中心也发生坏死,有大量异嗜性白细胞浸润;腺胃黏膜出血,上皮坏死脱落,腺胃结缔组织出血,腺小管间结缔组织出血.鸡感染法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)后严重损害了法氏囊的结构和免疫功能,并在一定程度上影响了腺胃的结构和功能. 相似文献
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肥大细胞及其介质组胺的生殖功能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
肥大细胞(Mast cell,MC)是结缔组织的一种细胞成分。它能释放多种介质,其中组胺(Histamine,HA)是最重要且研究较详细介质之一。对 MC 和 HA 的功能,一般多论及在Ⅰ型变态反应的作用,但近年发现MC 和 HA 与生殖系统的周期变化及生殖功能有密切关系。一、MC 和 HA对卵巢的作用(一)卵巢内 MC 的分布:在大鼠卵巢,MC 主要分布在髓质和卵巢门的结缔组织中,但卵泡膜和黄体中均未发现 MC。仓鼠卵巢内MC,在各部的分布是不均匀的,进出入卵巢血管的周围最多,约占42%;卵巢囊为37%,卵巢囊肌上皮细胞层为20%;卵巢门最少,约占1%。与大鼠和仓鼠不同,牛卵巢内 MC 主要见于卵泡 相似文献
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对感染猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)对猪扁桃体病理学变化进行了试验研究。结果发现攻毒猪的4种扁桃体均有一定程度的组织病理学变化,具体表现为扁桃体上皮细胞坏死、脱落,结缔组织和上皮内淋巴细胞浸润,实质中部分淋巴细胞变性、坏死、破碎,淋巴小结不明显,淋巴窦内嗜酸性粒细胞浸润。试验表明PRRSV可以诱导扁桃体产生免疫应答,而过度的PRILSV感染除引起炎性细胞聚集外,还可造成淋巴结坏死性炎症的特征性变化。这一结果将为理解PRRSV同机体的免疫结构相互作用的机理和免疫防制等更深层次的研究奠定一定的理论基础。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献