屠体羊卵巢保存时间对卵母细胞体外成熟和体外受精的影响

为研究屠体羊卵巢保存时间对其卵母细胞体外受精发育能力的影响,将采集的卵巢随机分为3个试验组和1个对照组,在15~20℃含双抗的生理盐水中分别保存0 h、6 h、12 h、18 h进行成熟培养和体外受精。结果表明:羊屠体卵巢在15~20℃含双抗的生理盐水中,保存6 h和12 h卵母细胞成熟率(72.03%、70.87%)、卵裂率(74.12%、72.60%)、囊胚率(22.22%、20.75%)与0 h卵母细胞成熟率(73.68%)、卵裂率(74.49%)、囊胚率(23.29%)间无显性著差异(P0.05),保存18 h卵母细胞成熟率(67.39%)、卵裂率(29.35%)、囊胚率(16.30%)与0 h间差异也不显著(P0.05)。说明羊屠体卵巢在15~20℃含双抗的生理盐水中,保存6、12和18 h,不影响卵母细胞继续发育。     

不同因素对新疆多浪羊卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

为了探索多浪羊卵母细胞体外成熟的影响因素,提高体外受精率,为多浪羊繁殖潜能的发挥提供基础,试验以屠宰场多浪羊卵巢为材料,采用不同运输条件及不同卵母细胞收集方法,研究运输条件及采集方式对卵母细胞体外成熟的影响。结果表明:温度为25~30℃时卵母细胞成熟率(49.4%)与20~25℃(52.9%)相比差异不显著(P0.05),与30~38℃(23.2%)及4~10℃(35.7%)相比差异显著(P0.05)。保存时间1~2 h的成熟率(49.1%)与保存时间2~3 h的成熟率(50.3%)相比差异不显著(P0.05),保存时间6~8 h的成熟率(26.0%)显著低于保存时间1~2 h和2~3 h的成熟率(P0.05)。切割法收集的卵母细胞数及体外成熟率均显著高于抽吸法(P0.05)。卵巢在20~30℃条件下、1~3 h内运回畜牧科技重点实验室卵母细胞体外成熟率最高,而且切割法优于抽吸法。     

低温长时间保存的绵羊卵巢对卵母细胞发育潜力的影响

本试验比较了绵羊卵巢不同的保存温度、时间与保存液对其卵母细胞孤雌发育能力的影响。结果表明,将绵羊卵巢在14~18℃保存15~17h,对卵母细胞的成熟率(80.9%vs82.2%)、孤雌激活后囊胚的发育率(21.0%vs22.0%)均无显著影响,采用生理盐水或D-PBS保存对卵母细胞的发育亦无显著差异;而将卵巢保存在4℃或25~30℃却显著降低了卵母细胞的成熟率(61.9%vs19%)与卵裂率(8.6%vs9.1%),没有发育到囊胚。从而得出,卵巢在14~18℃保存过夜,不影响卵母细胞的发育能力。     

卵巢质量和保存液对牛卵母细胞体外发育能力的研究

为研究卵巢质量和保存液对牛卵母细胞孤雌发育能力的影响,本实验将采集卵巢按其质量分为A、B 2组,于生理盐水中运输到实验室,利用切割法采集卵巢表面卵泡中的卵母细胞培养,成熟后孤雌激活;将采集牛卵巢随机分到D-PBS保存液与生理盐水中,运送到实验室后采集卵母细胞培养。以卵母细胞的成熟率、孤雌胚的卵裂率、囊胚率来评价卵巢质量、保存液对卵母细胞发育能力的影响。结果表明:A组卵巢平均获得的卵母细胞数(2.1枚)显著低于B组卵巢获得的卵母细胞数(5.5枚),从A组卵巢上获得的卵母细胞成熟率(56.98%)、卵裂率(42.86%)及囊胚率(9.52%)显著低于B组卵巢上获得的卵母细胞成熟率(84.38%)、卵裂率(70.17%)及囊胚率(31.50%)(P<0.05);使用含离子丰富的D-PBS溶液,较对照组保存液生理盐水,其卵母细胞的成熟率、卵裂率及囊胚率均没有显著差异(P>0.05)     

牛卵母细胞体外成熟、体外受精及胚胎培养的研究

以牛卵母细胞为试验材料,研究了不同温度、不同运送时间对牛卵母细胞成熟的影响,比较自配成熟培养液与IVMD101成熟培养液对牛卵母细胞发育的影响,也进行了孤雌激活和体外受精在相同培养条件下对牛卵母细胞胚胎发育的影响比较.结果表明:卵巢在37～42℃运输后的成熟率(11.3%)明显低于20～30℃、30～37℃(79.3%、85.1%),20～30℃、30～37℃组间差异不显著(P>0.05);运送6 h后的卵母细胞成熟率(53.2%)明显低于4 h内、4～6 h(85.6%、77.8%),4 h内、4～6 h组间差异不显著(P>0.05);自配成熟液与IVMD成熟液相比,体外成熟率(89.03%、88.89%)、卵裂率(71.73%、74.53%)、8细胞率(62.35%、72.05%)和囊胚率(22.94%、21.18%)均无显著差异(P0.05).     

猪卵巢卵母细胞采集方法的比较研究

本试验利用抽吸法和剖切法两种采集方法采集猪卵巢卵母细胞,对获得可用卵丘卵母细胞数和卵丘完整程度的影响进行比较研究,并分析在卵巢收集时不同的保存温度、运输时间对卵母细胞体外成熟的影响。结果表明：剖切法采集细胞数目显著高于抽吸法（P〈0．01）;A、B级卵母细胞的比例在剖切法中显著高于抽吸法（P〈0．05）;抽吸法所采集的c级卵母细胞显著高于剖切法（P〈0．05）;剖切法中卵母细胞卵丘完整率高于抽吸法（P〈O．05）;离体卵巢保存的最佳温度为36℃-38℃;其保存时间为1～1．5h时成熟率57．6％与2—2．5h时成熟率52．8％相比无显著差异（P〉O．05）;保存时间超过6h时卵母细胞的成熟率显著下降。     

奶牛体外受精效果几种影响因素的研究

文章研究了卵巢的保存温度、保存时间、不同的培养液成分、培养方法等对奶牛体外受精后的卵裂率、囊胚发育率的影响.结果表明①采集的卵巢在37℃保存2h时,卵巢卵母细胞体外受精后的卵裂率(71.3%)和囊胚率(31.4%),与25℃保存组的卵裂率(75%)和囊胚率(30.7%)相比,差异不显著(P＞0.05);但与40℃保存组(55%和15%)和4℃保存组(47.8%和12%)有显著差异(P＜0.05);当卵巢保存6h时,25℃保存组的卵裂率(70.2%)和囊胚率(29.2%)均显著高于37℃保存组(50.9%和13%)(P＜0.05);与40℃保存组(30%和7%)和4℃组(30.1%和8.2%)差异极显著(P＜0.01);但与保存2 h组差异不显著.在25℃温度下,屠宰牛卵巢保存时间达到8h时,卵母细胞的卵裂率和囊胚率显著下降,分别为55%和14%.②作为早期胚胎的培养液,CRlaa的效果好于TCM-199.③50μl微滴组的卵裂率(71%)与微滴100μl组(75%)和500μl组(72%)无显著差异(P＞0.05),但囊胚率(15.8%)显著低于100μl组(32%)(P＜0.05);大体积培养组(2 ml)的卵裂率和囊胚率(55%和14.8%)显著低于100μl组和500μl组(P＜0.05).     

不同培养条件对牛卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

利用屠宰场采集的牛卵巢,研究了培养时间和不同激素组合对卵母细胞体外成熟的影响,结果表明:在成熟培养液中添加10 μg/mL FSH、1 μg/mL E2的Ⅰ组(成熟率77.78%、卵裂率64.37%)和同时添加10 μg/mL FSH、10 μg/mL LH、1 μg/mL E2的Ⅱ组(成熟率82.76%、卵裂率67.26%)与对照组(成熟率45.46%、卵裂率52.29%)相比,卵母细胞成熟率和卵裂率差异极显著(P＜0.01),Ⅰ、Ⅱ两组之间,卵母细胞抽检成熟率、卵裂率虽无显著差异(P＞0.05),但Ⅱ组卵母细胞成熟率、卵裂率分别比Ⅰ组提高了5.02%和2.89%.卵母细胞培养＜20 h、20 h、24 h、28 h,成熟率分别为53.33%、77.77%、78.57%和71.43%,卵母细胞成熟率20 h、24 h、28 h组与＜20 h组相比差异显著(P＜0.05).卵裂率20 h、24 h组(51.79%、58.16%)显著高于＜20 h组(38.24%)、28 h组(36.98%)(P＜0.05),但20 h、24 h组卵裂率差异不显著(P＞0.05).     

不同培养条件对牛卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

利用屠宰场采集的牛卵巢,研究了培养时间和不同激素组合对卵母细胞体外成熟的影响,结果表明:在成熟培养液中添加10μg/mLFSH、1μg/mLE_2的Ⅰ组(成熟率77.78%、卵裂率64.37%)和同时添加10μg/mLFSH、10μg/ mLLH、1μg/mLE_2的Ⅱ组(成熟率82.76%、卵裂率67.26%)与对照组(成熟率45.46%、卵裂率52.29%)相比,卵母细胞成熟率和卵裂率差异极显著(P<0.01),Ⅰ、Ⅱ两组之间,卵母细胞抽检成熟率、卵裂率虽无显著差异(P>0.05),但Ⅱ组卵母细胞成熟率、卵裂率分别比Ⅰ组提高了5.02%和2.89%。卵母细胞培养<20h、20h、24h、28h,成熟率分别为53.33%、77.77%、78.57%和71.43%,卵母细胞成熟率20h、24h、28h组与<20h组相比差异显著(P<0.05)。卵裂率20h、24h组(51.79%、58.16%)明显高于<20h组(38.24%)、28h组(36.98%)(P<0.05),但20h、24h组卵裂率差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

褪黑素对猪卵巢在不同时间和温度条件下保存后卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

本研究旨在探讨不同温度和时间保存猪卵巢后对猪卵母细胞体外成熟的影响,通过培养液中添加不同浓度褪黑素,探索褪黑素对卵母细胞体成熟的最佳浓度,为远距离运输卵巢最适温度和时间条件的研究提供理论依据,进而改善胚胎体外生产效率。本实验将卵巢分别在4、17、25、37℃保温杯内保存0、4、8、10 h,筛出最适温度与时间后,在卵母细胞体外培养液中分别添加10^-5、10^-7、10^-9 mol/L浓度褪黑素,体外成熟44 h,采用孤雌激活的方式发育为胚胎,统计极体排出率、卵裂率、囊胚率。结果显示：卵巢37℃保存10 h,4℃保存4 h后卵母细胞均未达到MII期;与37℃和4℃相比,17℃、25℃保存卵巢后卵母细胞成熟质量得到大幅度提升(P<0.01);卵巢在25℃随着保存时间的延长,卵母细胞成熟率无显著差异,囊胚率高于17℃(P<0.01),且25℃保存卵巢8 h与4 h囊胚率无显著差异;25℃保存8 h后培养液中添加褪黑素,发现卵母细胞发育能力不受损伤,添加10^-7 mol/L褪黑素对卵母细胞体外发育...     

Performance in racehorses of various colours

A relationship between the coat colour and the horse's performance, which has been suggested since centuries, is possible from the genetic point of view. It may result from a linkage of genes affecting these characters and from pleiotropy of certain genes. The objective of the study has been to examine if there is a relationship between the basic and grey colours and the racing results. Indices (number of starts, log of earnings, log of earnings per start, general handicap) of 14,504 starts from 1103 Thoroughbreds and 796 Purebred Arabians were analyzed. In the analysis of variance, the phenotypes have been considered according to the brightness of the colour (grey/chestnut/light bay and bay/dark bay/seal brown/black), with regard to the alleles in G locus (grey/non-grey) and the alleles in MC1R locus (phaeomelanic/eumelanic). The results indicate that the examined coat colours are not considerably related to the racing performance. A tendency of such relationship may be due to the physiological properties connected with the brightness of the hair and the activity of alleles from MC1R (Extension) locus. No difference found between the results of grey and non-grey horses indicates that possible QTLs affecting the racing performance are not linked with the Grey locus.     

Microbiology of various liver products]

The proportions of mesophilic, thermophilic and psychrophilic microorganisms were investigated in the total number of microbes and aerobic sporogenic microorganisms in delicatessen liver sausages and liver cheeses. At the same time the content of ammonia and the pH of the products were determined. The largest part of the microflora comprised mesophilic microorganisms, 10 to 25% of which belonged to the sporogenic microflora. The incidence of staphylococci, enterococci and coliform microorganisms was also studied. The total number of microbes contributed to the ammonia content in the products, however, no intercorrelation was statistically proved. In the case of pH no relationship between its value and the number or kind of investigated microorganisms was found. All the indicators were followed in the raw material, in the finished products after heat processing and in products stored at refridgerator and room temperatures for one week.     

Comparison of various canine blood-typing methods

OBJECTIVE: To compare canine blood-typing results determined by use of the card (CARD), gel (GEL), Michigan State University (MSU), and tube (TUBE) tests. SAMPLE POPULATION: Blood samples from 23 healthy dogs. PROCEDURES: Blood samples anticoagulated with EDTA were screened by use of each blood-typing method according to manufacturers' protocols. RESULTS: Strong RBC agglutination reactions were observed with dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1.1 reagents of the CARD and GEL tests as well as MSU test (only after adding Coombs' reagent) in 9 blood samples. By use of the CARD test, RBCs from 4 additional dogs agglutinated weakly; on the basis of MSU test results, these 4 dogs were classified as DEA 1.2 positive. All blood samples agglutinated with the B antigen reagent of the TUBE test. All but 2 blood samples had strong positive reactions with the DEA 4 reagent of the MSU test. All but 3 blood samples reacted with the E antigen reagent of the TUBE test. Three blood samples agglutinated with the DEA 3 reagent of the MSU test and A antigen reagent of the TUBE test. Five blood samples had strong agglutination reactions with the DEA 5 reagent of the MSU test. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Use of the CARD test allows for rapid identification of DEA 1.1 but may produce weak reactions with blood from DEA 1.2-positive dogs. The GEL test is a reliable and rapid clinical laboratory method for identification of DEA 1.1. The MSU test requires Coombs' reagent for identification of DEA 1.1 and 1.2.     

A review of various parasites of rabbits

The increased interest in breeding and production of rabbits has initiated the present work, in which a review on the occurrence, significance and control of some important parasite infections of the domestic rabbit is given. In wild rabbits parasite diseases often affect single animals, whereas the intensive production of domestic rabbits typically has to deal with parasites as herd problems which in some cases may invalidate the economy of commercial rabbitries. The most important parasite diseases of the domestic rabbit comprise coccidiosis caused by Eimeria-spp. and ear mange caused by Psoroptes cuniculi.