Increased Lactate Concentrations in III and Injured Dogs

Venous blood lactate concentrations were measured on 109 ill dogs and 20 clinically normal dogs. Ill dogs were grouped into survivor and nonsurvivor groups, and categorized based on their primary problem. Ninety-five percent of ill dogs had lactate concentrations higher than clinically normal dogs and published normal values. Seventy-six percent of ill dogs with increased lactate concentrations survived to be discharged. Lactate concentrations were significantly higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors and clinically normal dogs. Lactate concentrations in dogs with major trauma and intoxications, and with cardiopulmonary, gastrointestinal, and neurologic problems were significantly higher than in clinically normal dogs and dogs with other problems. (Vet Emerg & Crit Care, 1998; 8: 117–127)     

Effects of high‐fat and high‐carbohydrate diets on fat and carbohydrate oxidation and plasma metabolites in healthy cats

High‐fat (HF) or high‐carbohydrate (HC) diets (30% fat, 18.9% carbohydrate; HF and 10% fat, 46.3% carbohydrate; HC) and lengths of adaptation were investigated in cats (Felis catus; 10 ± 2 months, 3.6 ± 0.3 kg). Cats randomly received each treatment for 14 days in a crossover design with a 14‐day washout period between each diet. Three 22‐h indirect calorimetry studies were conducted after acute (day 0), semichronic (day 4) and chronic (day 13) dietary exposure. Blood samples were collected after a 24‐h fast on days 1, 5 and 14. When cats consumed the HC and HF diet, oxidation of the restricted nutrient exceeded intake while oxidation of the nutrient in excess matched intake. Mean max energy expenditure (EE) of cats consuming the HF and HC diet were 107 and 102 kcal/kg^0.67/day and occurred at a mean of 4 and 12 h post‐feeding respectively. Maximal fat (0.90 g/h) and carbohydrate (carbohydrate; 1.42 g/h) oxidation were attained at 26 min and 10.4 h post‐feeding respectively. The changes observed in macronutrient oxidation and EE suggest that cats adapt whole‐body nutrient metabolism in response to changes in dietary macronutrient content, but may require longer than 14 day to adapt to a macronutrient that is present at a lower concentration in the diet.     

产蛋期蛋鸡不同类型玉米净能研究

本试验利用禽用开放式呼吸测热装置进行能量代谢试验,通过间接测热法结合替代法测定不同类型玉米在产蛋期蛋鸡饲粮中的表观代谢能和净能。选用34周龄产蛋期海兰褐蛋鸡180只,随机分为6组,每组30只。试验选用1种玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮和5种待测饲粮。待测饲粮由5种待测玉米(3种2018年10月收获的正常玉米和2种2016年收获储存3年的陈化玉米),分别以50%比例替代基础饲粮构成。试验鸡在舍内笼养,预试期7 d,正试期27 d,其中正试期分为3期,每期9 d(适应3 d、呼吸测热3 d、绝食测热3 d)。每期试验中,从每组中选择4只试验鸡,称重后分别放入呼吸测热装置的12个代谢室(每个代谢室2只),每2个代谢室对应1种饲粮,测定气体交换和排泄物总量,呼吸测热的同时进行消化代谢试验。结果表明:与基础饲粮相比,5种玉米待测饲粮的表观代谢能显著提高(P<0.05),3种正常玉米待测饲粮的净能显著高于基础饲粮和2种陈化玉米待测饲粮(P<0.05);2种陈化玉米的表观代谢能和净能显著低于3种正常玉米(P<0.05)。本试验中,3种正常玉米的表观代谢能分别为16.19、15.85、16.17 MJ/kg,2种陈化玉米的表观代谢能分别为15.12和15.06 MJ/kg;3种正常玉米的净能分别为12.39、12.57、12.25 MJ/kg,2种陈化玉米的净能分别为11.29和12.05 MJ/kg。     

Influence of a high-protein diet on energy balance in obese cats allowed ad libitum access to food

The influence of a high-protein [HP, 47% of metabolizable energy (ME)] diet on energy balance was evaluated in obese cats allowed ad libitum access to food. Energy intake, body weight, body composition, energy expenditure, and concentrations of hormones and metabolites associated with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (glucose, insulin, free fatty acids, triglycerides and leptin) were measured in cats after consuming either a moderate protein (MP, 27% of ME) or HP diet for 4 months. Indirect respiration calorimetry showed that resting and total energy expenditure (kJ/day) adjusted for either body weight or lean body mass was increased in cats consuming the HP in relation to MP diets. However, voluntary energy intake also was increased in the HP treatment and, thus, there was no difference in body weight between animals consuming the two diets. Body composition measurements using deuterium oxide dilution showed that dietary protein content did not alter amounts of either lean body mass or fat mass. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between the two treatment groups for blood glucose, free fatty acid or leptin concentrations, although there was a trend (p = 0.054) towards an increase of serum insulin concentrations in the cats eating the HP diet. This study showed that short-term ad libitum feeding of an HP diet did not reduce food intake or promote weight loss in obese cats. However, energy expenditure was increased in the HP diet group and it is possible that this effect of HP might help promote weight loss when energy intake is restricted.     

Food intake and energy expenditure in growing cats with and without a predisposition to overweight

Overweight and obesity are multifactorial diseases caused by an imbalance in energy metabolism. An underlying genetic predisposition is often a factor in these conditions. In the cat breeding family of the Institute of Animal Nutrition at the Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, a segregating overweight phenotype with a genetic contribution was observed. From this breeding family, 26 kittens were followed from birth up to 8 months of age. During this time, food intake was measured using an automatic feeding station, and energy expenditure was investigated using indirect calorimetry at the ages of 4 and 6 months. Dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was performed and blood glucose, leptin and insulin were measured at the ages of 4, 6 and 8 months. The kittens were also weighed daily for the first 2 weeks of life, every second day until weaning and once per week until 8 months of age. The body condition score (BCS) was evaluated monthly between 2 and 8 months of age. The main finding of this study is that a predisposition to overweight is connected to a higher food intake early in life, with no significant alterations in energy expenditure. The leptin blood levels were related to body fat percentage, and insulin sensitivity did not seem to be affected.     

Metabolisable energy intake and growth of privately owned growing dogs in comparison with official recommendations on the growth curve and energy supply

The correct assumption of metabolisable energy (ME) requirement is essential for the nutrition consultation and diet formulation. In young dogs, too high energy supply can accelerate growth and thus lead to developmental orthopaedic diseases. The aim of the present study was to collect the data on ME intake and body weight (BW) development in privately owned growing dogs in order to compare these data with the current recommendations. Our hypothesis was that the actual ME intake of healthy young dogs would be lower than the actual recommendation. The data of 493 privately owned puppies (median age at first consultation 21 weeks, the median expected mature BW 30 kg) on ME intake, actual and expected mature BW were collected and compared with recommendations of the Society of Nutrition Physiology (GfE, Meyer and Zentek and NRC). In 243 dogs, there was a follow‐up. The actual BW did not deviate systematically from the calculated expected BW (R² = .929). The ME intake significantly decreased with age (p < .05) and significantly increased with expected mature BW (p < .05). There was no significant interaction between these two parameters (p > .05). Sex had no effect on the ME intake (p > .05). The ME intake of young dogs with a history of skeletal problems or of food allergy did not differ systematically from healthy dogs of similar age and expected mature BW. The ME intake was considerably below NRC recommendations, especially in younger puppies (>8–17 weeks: 78%, >17–26 weeks: 83% of NRC recommendation). A predictive linear equation for ME intake was developed: ME intake (MJ) = (1.063 ? 0.565 × [actual BW/expected mature BW]) × actual BW^0.75.     

Stabilisation with dorsal and ventral fixation of a traumatic cervical instability in a dog

This case study reports the outcome of dorsal and ventral stabilisation of a traumatic cervical instability in a dog. A 2-year-old, male Pointer was admitted following a motor vehicle accident. Clinical examination revealed non-ambulatory tetraparesis, severe neck pain and upper motor neuron changes in all limbs. Deep pain response was present. Subluxation of C2/3 and fractures of the dorsal spinous process and lamina of C2 were observed on radiographs. Ventral stabilisation was performed with screws and bone cement (polymethylmethacrylate). For dorsal fixation of the fractures, screws and cerclage wire were used. The dog stood up independently after 1 month, was able to walk 1.5 months postoperatively and had recovered completely at 1 year following surgery. We conclude that combined stabilisation techniques are effective for this type of cervical fracture in which the dorsal, middle and ventral structures of the vertebra are severely disrupted.     

Intraoperative parathyroid hormone concentration to confirm removal of hypersecretory parathyroid tissue and time to postoperative normocalcaemia in nine dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism

Objective To determine (1) whether the intraoperative parathyroid hormone concentration ([PTH]) during parathyroidectomy (PTX) can be used to indicate cure in dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism and (2) the time taken for postoperative serum calcium concentration to normalise. Design Retrospective study (2005–10) from a private referral hospital in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Procedure Nine client‐owned dogs underwent surgical PTX for naturally occurring primary hyperparathyroidism. [PTH] was measured from serum samples taken immediately post‐induction (pre‐PTX]) and at least 20 min after adenoma removal (post‐PTX) for all dogs, and during parathyroid gland manipulation (intra‐PTX) for six dogs. The concentration of ionised calcium (iCa) was measured at various time points postoperatively until it normalised, then stabilised or decreased below reference ranges. Statistical analysis compared the mean pre‐, intra‐ and post‐PTX [PTH] and the average rate of decline of iCa concentration postoperatively. Results All dogs demonstrated a significant decrease from mean pre‐PTX [PTH] (168.51 pg/mL) to mean post‐PTX [PTH] (29.20 pg/mL). There was a significant increase in mean intra‐PTX [PTH] (279.78 pg/mL). The average rate of decline of iCa concentration postoperatively to within the reference range (1.12–1.40 mmol/L) occurred after 24 h. Conclusion Intraoperative measurements of [PTH] can be used clinically to determine cure of primary hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroid hormone increases significantly during parathyroid gland manipulation. Plasma iCa concentration returns to within the reference range on average 24 h after successful PTX. Not all dogs require vitamin D or calcium supplementation pre‐ or postoperatively.     

育成期雄性幼貉日粮适宜蛋白质和能量水平的研究

选用健康乌苏里幼公貉63只,随机分为7组(每组9只)。1～4组用以探讨适宜蛋白质水平,其蛋白质水平分别为31.54%、36.39%,40.37%和43.53%;5-7组用以探讨适宜能量水平,其能量水平分别为19589.78,21860.94和22600.04k J/kg。试验分育成前期和冬毛生长期两个阶段进行,饲喂同一营养水平的日粮。结果表明,育成前期饲喂蛋白质水平为36.39%的日粮,可获得理想的体重、体长及经济效益。 冬毛生长期,日粮蛋白质水平在31.54%～43.53%范围内,对幼貉的体重和体长无显著影响。育成期以饲喂能量水平为21860.94～22600.04 k J/kg的日粮为宜。育成前期适宜的蛋能比为16.1～16.6,冬毛生长期为14.0～14.4。     

纳米硒对犬肾衰中肾组织离子转运体表达及凋亡的影响

旨在探究纳米硒作为治疗药物对腺嘌呤诱导急性肾衰犬肾组织离子转运体表达及凋亡的影响。20只体重约4 kg年龄1岁左右的贵宾犬在做基本健康检查并适应性喂养两周后,随机分为空白对照组(Control,饲喂基础日粮30 d)、急性肾衰造模组[Model,15 d基础日粮+15 d腺嘌呤75 mg·(kg·d)^-1]、常规输液治疗组[Infusion,15 d腺嘌呤75 mg·(kg·d)^-1+15 d静注葡萄糖氯化钠60 mL·(kg·d)^-1、呋塞米2~4 mg·kg^-1]、纳米硒治疗组[Nano-Se,15 d腺嘌呤,75 mg·(kg·d)^-1+15 d纳米硒0.5 mg·(kg·d)^-1]、纳米硒预防组[Prevention,15 d纳米硒0.5 mg·(kg·d)^-1+15 d腺嘌呤75 mg·(kg·d)^-1],每组4只犬。通过血液生化分析,尿常规分析,肾组织石蜡切片免疫组化,Western blot,RT-qPCR检测相关蛋白基因表达水平。结果表明：纳米硒治疗与预防有效降低肾衰特征指标CRE、BUN,恢复肾衰异常尿常规指标尿比重、尿pH,改善肾衰犬机体钙磷代谢;纳米硒治疗对比急性肾衰造模组可有效增加肾组织CaSR、WNKs mRNA与蛋白表达量(P<0.05),降低NKCC2 mRNA与蛋白表达量(P<0.05),从而减弱了急性肾衰中过度代偿的重吸收功能;纳米硒治疗较肾衰造模组肾组织促凋亡Bax、Caspase3/9 mRNA与蛋白表达量显著下调(P<0.05),降低急性肾衰中肾的凋亡效应。     

Effect of Environmental Temperature on Digestive Tract,Visceral Organ Size,Digestibility and Energy Metabolism in Rats Fed Different Levels of Pea Fibre

Abstract

A study was performed to investigate the effect of environmental temperature (18°C or 28°C) and increasing levels of pea fibre in the diet on digestive tract, visceral organ size, digestibility and energy metabolism in rats. Thirty-six male Wistar rats, initial liveweight (LW) 77-79 g, were allocated to six groups and housed at either 18°C (three groups) or 28°C (three groups). Three wheat starch, fish meal and pea fibre-based diets were prepared to contain 100, 200 and 300 g pea fibre kg^?1 (68, 110 and 157 g dietary fibre kg^?1 DM) and 160 g protein (N × 6.25) kg^?1. One group of rats at each temperature was fed one of the diets for four balance periods. Gas-exchange measurements were made and urine and faeces were quantitatively collected. Food to gain ratio was higher (P <.05) at 18°C than at 28°C and increased (P <.05) as the level of fibre was increased. The weight of the visceral organs from rats housed at 18°C was higher (P<.05) than at 28°C. The empty weight of the small intestine, caecum and colon increased (P <.05) as the level of pea fibre was increased. The digestibility of DM, protein and dietary fibre (DF) was lower (P <.05) at 18°C than at 28°C. As the level of pea fibre was increased, the digestibilities of nutrients and energy decreased (P <.05). However, the digestibility of DF increased (P <.05) as the level of pea fibre was increased. The partial digested energy value for pea fibre was 11.9 kJ g^?1. The metabolizable energy (ME) intake and heat production at 18°C (1128 and 974 kJ (W^0.75 day)^?1 respectively) were higher (P<.05) than at 28°C (831 and 674 kJ (W^0.75 day)^?1 respectively). As the level of pea fibre was increased, ME intake (W^0.75 day)^?1 and heat production (W^0.75 day)^?1 decreased (P <.05). Heat production as a percentage of ME was higher (P <.05) at 18°C than at 28°C: 86.6% and 81.2%, respectively. Heat production as a percentage of ME was higher (P <.05) for rats fed the 100 g pea fibre kg^?1 diet than the 200 or 300 g pea fibre kg^?1 diet. In conclusion, environmental temperature as well as DF influenced digestive tract and visceral organ size, digestion and protein and energy metabolism.     

Relationships Between Degree of Azotaemia and Blood Pressure,Urinary Protein:Creatinine Ratio and Fractional Excretion of Electrolytes in Dogs with Renal Azotaemia

Blood pressure (BP) was measured in 31 renal azotaemic dogs by oscillometric measurement at the posterior tibia artery, and urine and blood samples were collected. Haematology, blood chemistry and urinalysis were performed and urinary protein:creatinine ratio (UPC) and fractional excretions of electrolytes (FE_e) were calculated. The results showed that only 19% of dogs with renal azotaemia were hypertensive, whereas almost all of them had high urinary protein and electrolyte excretions. There was no association between BP, UPC and FE_e. A positive correlation was found between all pairs of electrolyte fractional excretions. When the severity of renal impairment was observed using plasma creatinine concentration, neither BP nor UPC was correlated. Only the FE _e was associated with the degree of azotaemia. The results suggest that dogs with renal azotaemia do not necessarily have hypertension. The fractional urinary excretion of electrolytes may be a good indicator for severity of renal dysfunction in azotaemic dogs.     

新城疫病毒HN基因的截短表达及间接ELISA抗体检测方法的建立与应用

为建立一种快速的新城疫病毒(NDV)抗体检测方法,参照已发表的NDV基因组序列,设计合成1对特异性引物,PCR扩增了长约1044bp的HN基因片段。将目的片段定向克隆到pGEX-6p-1原核表达载体,酶切及测序鉴定均正确后,转化BL21表达菌,经IPTG诱导得到了以包涵体形式表达的重组蛋白。重组蛋白纯化后,经免疫印迹检测证明具有良好的抗原性和特异性。以该蛋白作为诊断抗原,建立了检测新城疫病毒抗体的间接ELISA诊断方法。该方法批内重复性试验的变异系数小于5%,批间重复性试验的变异系数小于10%;与血凝抑制试验(HI)相比较,符合率、敏感性和特异性分别为92.0%、91.0%和93.6%。     

N-乙酰半胱氨酸对脂多糖刺激仔猪免疫反应和小肠能量状态的影响

试验旨在研究N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）对脂多糖（LPS）刺激的仔猪免疫反应和小肠能量状态的影响。按照随机性原则将24头32日龄健康仔猪（11.58 kg±0.26 kg）分为3组（空白组、LPS组和NAC＋LPS组）,每组设置8个重复。经过3 d适应期后,各组仔猪饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮（NAC＋LPS组在此基础上添加500 mg/kg NAC）。试验第21天,仔猪空腹称重后腹腔注射LPS （LPS组和NAC＋LPS组,注射剂量为100 μg/kg BW）或等量的生理盐水（空白组）,3 h后前腔静脉采血,然后屠宰取肠黏膜、肝脏和淋巴结等样品,进行血细胞计数分析、小肠黏膜腺苷酸水平测定以及肝脏和淋巴结相关基因检测。结果表明,与空白组相比,LPS组仔猪血液中白细胞和中性粒细胞的数目显著提高（P<0.05）,淋巴细胞数目显著降低（P<0.05）;小肠黏膜一磷酸腺苷（AMP）水平和一磷酸腺苷/三磷酸腺苷（AMP/ATP）值显著提高（P<0.05）,ATP水平显著降低（P<0.05）;肝脏和淋巴结双链RNA依赖的蛋白质激酶（PKR）、干扰素诱导的四肽重复蛋白1（IFIT1）和黏病毒抗性蛋白1（MX1）基因的相对表达量均显著上调（P<0.05）。与LPS组相比,NAC＋LPS组仔猪血液中白细胞数、中性粒细胞数、嗜酸性粒细胞和淋巴细胞百分比均显著降低（P<0.05）;回肠黏膜AMP水平和AMP/ATP值均显著降低（P<0.05）;肝脏IFIT1、PKR和MX1基因的相对表达量均显著上调（P<0.05）,淋巴结IFIT1基因的相对表达量显著下调（P<0.05）。综上所述,饲粮中添加500 mg/kg NAC可缓解LPS刺激引起的仔猪免疫反应,并且能有效改善肠黏膜能量状态。     

Effects of Diets with Different Energy and Protein Levels on mRNA Expression of Glucose Transporters in Tan Sheep

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of the diets with different energy and protein levels on mRNA expression of glucose transporters in the small intestine and muscle of Tan sheep. A total of 112 healthy Tan sheep (half male and half female) with similar initial live weight were randomly divided into four groups with four replicates per group and seven sheep per replicate. According to the Feeding Standard of Meat-producing Sheep and Goats (NY/T 816—2004),each group was fed diet with different levels of energy and protein respectively:0.84×standard level (group Ⅰ),0.96×standard level (group Ⅱ),1.08×standard level (group Ⅲ) and 1.20×standard level (group Ⅳ). The test period were divided into two stages by body weight of sheep (29-35 and 36-40 kg). At the end of each stage,one sheep was slaughtered at each replicate,and small intestine and muscle samples were collected to study mRNA relative expression of SGLT1,GLUT4 and GLUT5 genes by Real-time PCR. The results indicated that:SGLT1 gene mRNA expression levels of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than other groups in small intestine at the end of 29-35 kg stage (P< 0.05);At the end of 36-40 kg stage,the SGLT1 gene mRNA expression levels had no significant difference among the four groups (P> 0.05).In muscle,the SGLT1 gene mRNA expression level increased with the rise of energy and protein levels at both stages ,and that of group Ⅳ were the highest.In small intestine,at the end of 29-35 kg stage,the GLUT4 gene mRNA expression levels had no significant difference among the four groups (P> 0.05);At the end of 36-40 kg stage,the GLUT4 gene mRNA expression level increased with the rise of energy and protein levels,and that of group Ⅳ were significantly higher than the other groups (P< 0.05).In muscle,the GLUT4 gene mRNA expression level were the highest in group Ⅳ at both stages,and significantly higher than group Ⅰ (P< 0.05). The GLUT5 gene mRNA expression did not show any regularity at both stages. In conclusion,diets with different levels of energy and protein could significantly affect the mRNA expression of SGLT1 and GLUT4 genes,and affect absorption of glucose in sheep.     

日粮能量及蛋白质水平对滩羊糖类转运载体mRNA表达的影响

试验旨在研究日粮能量及蛋白质水平对滩羊小肠和肌肉组织中主要糖类转运载体mRNA表达的影响。选取112只健康、体重相近的滩羊（公、母各半）,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复7只羊。参考肉羊饲养标准（NY/T 816-2004）,分别饲喂不同能量及蛋白质水平日粮,即0.84×标准水平（Ⅰ组）、0.96×标准水平（Ⅱ组）、1.08×标准水平（Ⅲ组）和1.20×标准水平（Ⅳ组）。试验分两个阶段（29~35和36~40 kg）,于每个阶段末,每个重复屠宰1只试验羊,取其小肠和肌肉组织样,运用实时荧光定量PCR技术,研究SGLT1、GLUT4、GLUT5基因mRNA的表达量变化。结果显示,在29~35 kg阶段末,Ⅲ组小肠中SGLT1基因mRNA的表达量最高,显著高于其他组（P< 0.05）,在36~40 kg阶段末各组间无显著差异（P> 0.05）,各组肌肉中SGLT1基因mRNA的表达量在两个阶段都随着能量及蛋白质水平的提高而增加,Ⅳ组均最高;在29~35 kg阶段末,各组间小肠中GLUT4基因mRNA表达量无显著差异（P> 0.05）,而在36~40 kg阶段末,GLUT4基因mRNA的表达量随着能量及蛋白质水平的提高而增加,Ⅳ组显著高于其他组（P< 0.05）,在肌肉中,Ⅳ组GLUT4基因mRNA在两个阶段末表达量均最高,均显著高于Ⅰ组（P< 0.05）;在两个试验阶段,GLUT5基因mRNA的表达量无规律性。综上所述,日粮能量及蛋白质水平会影响滩羊小肠和肌肉中SGLT1、GLUT4基因mRNA的表达量,从而影响机体对葡萄糖的消化吸收。     

羔羊对不同营养水平饲料能量与有机物的消化率

将15只陶塞特(♂)与藏羊(♀)的杂交一代(3．5—4月龄)公羔，分为3组，每组5只，采用单因子设计研究了不同营养水平(NRC、0．9倍，NRC、0．8倍)全饲粮颗粒饲料的能量和有机物消化率。结果表明：B、C组的饲粮采食量、有机物质和能量食入量显著高于A组(P＜0．01)；B、C组表现有机物质和能量消化量有高于A组的趋势；A组有机物质和能量消化率均高于B、C组，B组也有高于C组的趋势。     

低蛋白质日粮不同能量水平对育肥猪生长性能和胴体性状的影响

本研究旨在探讨低蛋白质日粮中不同能量水平对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状的影响.选用70 kg的杜长大三元杂交猪216头,按试验要求随机分为6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复6头猪,对照组日粮参照NRC(1998)推荐标准设计,蛋白质水平为15.5%,消化能水平为14.27 MJ/kg,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组日粮蛋白质水平在对照组基础上下调4个百分点,并补充赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸和色氨酸满足氨基酸需要,消化能水平分别为14.48、14.26、13.88、13.52、13.26 MJ/kg.结果表明,与对照组相比,试验组的生长性能、胴体性状和血清氨基酸(精氨酸除外)及尿素氮没有显著影响(P>0.05);各试验组之间,随着能量水平的降低,日增重显著上升(P=0.02),肉料比表现出上升的趋势(P=0.06),采食量没有受到能量水平降低的影响(P=0.86),无脂瘦肉率显著提高(P=0.01),而脂肪率显著下降(P=0.03);试验Ⅳ、Ⅴ组日增重、肉料比显著高于试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05),对照组和试验Ⅴ组眼肌面积和无脂瘦肉率显著高于试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05),而脂肪率显著低于试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05),除试验Ⅰ组外,其余各试验组血清尿素氮含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05).综合考虑能量水平对育肥猪生长性能和胴体性状两方面的影响,日粮蛋白质水平较NRC(1998)推荐的标准降低4个百分点,消化能水平降低到13.26 MJ/kg较为合适.