一种复合中药添加剂对断奶前仔猪免疫力和生长性能的影响

为研究复合中药添加剂对断奶前仔猪免疫力和生长性能的影响,试验选择某规模生猪养殖场健康、3胎次杜长大三元杂种妊娠母猪36头,随机分为2组,每组3个重复,每个重复6头猪.对照组母猪饲喂基础饲粮,试验组母猪产前7 d和产后7 d在基础饲粮中添加复合中药添加剂(每吨饲粮中添加糖萜素0.5 kg、50％含量黄芪多糖0.7 kg、...     

母猪乐对母猪泌乳性能的影响

为研究植物提取物(母猪乐)对母猪乳房保健及泌乳性能的改善作用,选择体况、胎次和预断奶个体重提高1.51 kg、成活率提高4.18个百分点;综合经济效益分析,母猪乐组实际每头母猪产期接近的224头分娩前15 d妊娠母猪,分为两组,对照组饲喂常规母猪饲粮,母猪乐组在常规母猪饲粮基础上添加母猪乐2 kg/t,试验期40 d,考察母猪泌乳量、仔猪断奶重和母猪生产性能指标。结果表明,与对照组相比,母猪乐组母猪产后日采食量提高0.96 kg、日泌乳量增加1.92 L,仔猪每胎比对照组多收益70.26元。     

一种围产期保健饲料对母猪分娩过程及生产性能的影响

试验旨在研究一种围产期保健饲料对母猪分娩过程及生产性能的影响。选取胎次相近的母猪20头,随机分为2个组,即对照组和试验组,每个组10个重复,每个重复1头母猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组母猪自预产期前7 d至分娩后3 d期间每天在饲粮中添加保健饲料25 g/头。结果表明:与对照组相比,添加保健饲料25 g/头极显著提高母猪粪便性状平均值(P0.01),显著提高母猪产前一周采食量(P0.05),有提高哺乳阶段采食量趋势(P0.05),显著或极显著降低母猪平均产仔间隔、难产率、弱仔率、死胎率(P0.01或P0.05),有降低母猪尿液p H的趋势(P0.05),显著或极显著提高仔猪初生窝重、初生均重、24d窝重、24d均重、日增重、窝增重(P0.01或P0.05),显著降低仔猪腹泻率(P0.05),显著提高母猪分娩当天及断奶时背膘值(P0.05),有提高分娩当天血钙浓度的趋势(P0.05),显著提高母猪产后15 d血钙浓度(P0.05)。综上所述,母猪分娩前7 d至分娩后3 d饲粮中添加保健饲料25 g/头后可改善母猪分娩过程及生产性能。     

γ-氨基丁酸对妊娠母猪繁殖性能、氧化状态和免疫水平的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)对妊娠母猪繁殖性能、机体氧化状况及免疫功能的影响。选取体重、胎次和体况相近的长大二元杂种母猪24头,随机分为2组,每组12个重复,每个重复1头母猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,GABA组从配种开始到妊娠40 d饲喂添加GABA 100 mg/kg的饲粮,然后所有试验母猪恢复饲喂基础饲粮至产仔结束。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,GABA组母猪产活仔数、健仔数和仔猪初生个体重均表现出提高的趋势。2)妊娠40 d,除了GABA组母猪超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于对照组外,其他相关指标并未发生明显变化;分娩后,GABA组母猪的氧化还原状态相关指标均有不同程度改善,不仅谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著优于对照组(P0.05),H_2O_2水平也显著低于对照组(P0.05)。3)GABA对妊娠母猪免疫状况没有明显影响(P0.05)。初乳和血清中免疫球蛋白及相关免疫因子水平在妊娠40 d和分娩后均未发生明显波动,但有一定程度的改善。结论:GABA对母猪繁殖性能有一定程度改善作用,对妊娠前期和分娩阶段母猪机体氧化状态有良好的调节作用,但其效果与所处的妊娠前期和分娩阶段有关。GABA在某种程度上对机体免疫功能产生一定影响。     

母猪妊娠期饲粮中添加L-肉碱对其生产性能的影响

为研究母猪妊娠期饲粮中添加L-肉碱对其生产性能的影响,试验采用单因子设计,选取配种时间相近的长大母猪30头,随机分为3组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头母猪,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1组饲喂基础饲粮+L-肉碱100 mg/kg、试验2组饲喂基础饲粮+L-肉碱200 mg/kg。妊娠母猪基础饲粮分为妊娠0～90 d和91 d至分娩两个阶段配制,都采用玉米-豆粕型饲粮。试验结果表明,母猪妊娠期饲粮中添加L-肉碱100 mg/kg和200 mg/kg能显著提高仔猪初生重及母猪窝产仔数和窝产活仔数,有效降低窝产弱仔数。     

泌乳料采食量和仔猪早期补料对母猪及仔猪性能的影响

总计84头母猪(PIC,Line1050)和它们所生仔猪被用于本实验,以确定泌乳料和教槽料采食对母猪和仔猪性能的影响。母猪按照分娩日期和胎次被分为3组,并按照2×2因子实验:母猪采食(自由采食与限饲)和仔猪采食(不喂仔猪料与喂仔猪料)共4个处理。仔猪被交叉寄养于每个实验组,以均衡窝重和窝仔猪数(>11头仔猪)。实验采用的是一种普通泌乳母猪料(ME 14.65MJ/kg,TID 0.97%lys),产仔后3d自由采食组母猪开始自由采食,限饲组母猪饲喂比自由采食组少25%的泌乳母猪料。饲喂仔猪料组仔猪采用的是加有1%氧化铬标记物的颗粒料(ME 14.64MJ/kg,TID 1.56%Lys),从3日龄喂到21日龄断奶。仔猪分别于3、7、14、21日龄称个体重,并每天计量仔猪采食量。在7、14、21日龄采集所有喂仔猪料的仔猪的粪便样本,同时通过仔猪粪便颜色区分采食仔猪料的仔猪和未采食仔猪料的仔猪。母猪在分娩后和断奶时称重,并测量P2点(距背中线6.5cm,最后肋骨)背膘。泌乳料采食和仔猪料采食没有相互作用,自由采食组母猪减少了体重损失(-15kg与-24kg;P<0.01),提高了仔猪窝重(P<0.04)和日增重(P<0.04),并比限饲组提高了断奶后14d内发情率(90%与71%;P<0.03)。饲喂仔猪料对母猪体重、背膘损失无影响(P>0.30),但会拖后母猪断奶后14d内发情间隔(5.4d与4.9d;P<0.09)。饲喂仔猪料有改善断奶窝重(61.2与56.7kg/d;P<0.09)和减少交叉寄养后仔猪死亡率(3.9%与7.3%;P<0.06)的倾向。自由采食母猪组和限饲母猪组仔猪采食仔猪料量差异不明显(2.24与2.28;P<0.93)。喂仔猪料组大约60%仔猪被确定采食了仔猪料,在被确定采食仔猪料的仔猪中有23%、20%和57%开始采食分别从3～7日龄、7～14日龄、14～21日龄。从断奶后0～28d,饲喂仔猪料与不喂仔猪料组在断奶后28d重(P<0.95)、日增重(P<0.86)、日采食量(P<0.93)和料重比(P<0.95)差异不显著。采食仔猪料的仔猪在断奶后28d重(P<0.16)和日增重(P<0.06)方面好于不吃仔猪料和不喂仔猪料仔猪。结论:喂仔猪料可以改善仔猪成活率但不能改进仔猪断奶前增重和母猪性能表现。泌乳母猪采食量低会对母猪性能和仔猪性能产生负面影响。让更多的仔猪采食仔猪料对改善仔猪断奶后性能是有利的。     

玉米赤霉烯酮对青年母猪子宫发育、生长激素分泌及其受体分布与表达的影响

本试验旨在研究玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)对青年母猪子宫发育、生长激素(GH)分泌及其受体(GHR)分布与表达的影响.选择胎次和体重[(23.20±0.68)kg]相近的长×大二元青年母猪48头,将其随机分为4组,每组12个重复,每个重复1头.对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(T1、T2、T3组)饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添...     

中草药制剂对母猪分娩和哺乳效果的试验研究

为观察复方中草药制剂对母猪分娩和泌乳效果的影响,试验选择妊娠80-90 d的68头妊娠母猪,按配种日龄、胎次、体况、品种随机均分为中草药制剂组和对照组,每组34头,每头母猪为1个重复。两组基础饲粮相同,中草药制剂组在基础饲粮中按每吨300 g添加中草药制剂,试验期为妊娠80 d至断奶。结果表明,与对照组相比,中草药制剂组窝均产活仔数和断奶窝均仔猪数分别提高0.93头（P＜0.05）和1.09头（P＜0.01）;产活仔率和健仔率分别提高5.91和4.52个百分点;仔猪初生个体均重、断奶个体均重、仔猪平均日增重分别提高0.05 kg、0.5 kg、22.6 g,差异均显著（P＜0.05）。中草药制剂可有效提高母猪分娩质量和泌乳水平。     

γ-氨基丁酸对泌乳母猪采食量和抗氧化能力的试验

夏季泌乳母猪饲粮中添加γ-氨基丁酸对其生产性能和抗氧化能力的影响。采用单因子试验设计,选择胎次(2～3胎)和体质量相近且距离预产期7d内的32头长×大杂交经产母猪,随机分为4个处理,每处理8个重复,每重复1头猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲料在基础饲粮中分别添加75(1组)、100(2组)和125mg/kg(3组)的γ-氨基丁酸,试验期21d。结果表明:75mg/kg的γ-氨基丁酸能有效提高母猪泌乳期的采食量,刺激与采食有关的神经肽Y和胰岛素的分泌;125mg/kg的γ-氨基丁酸对改善与热应激有关的血清SOD、MDA和GSH-Px的活性,提高抗氧化能力,缓解热应激效果较好。     

腐植酸饲喂空怀母猪的繁殖效果研究

为了研究在饲粮中添加一定剂量的腐植酸对空怀母猪繁殖效果的影响,为腐植酸在母猪饲粮中的合理应用提供理论依据。试验根据母猪品种、胎次、体况的原则,选取3~4胎次的大白与长白二元杂交、断乳后的空怀母猪100头,随机将其分为2个组,分为对照组(饲喂基础日粮)和试验组(饲喂基础日粮+腐植酸),每个组有2个重复,每个重复头数不等。结果表明:试验组断乳母猪7 d内的发情率和情期受胎率与对照组差异显著(P0.05),试验组母猪多集中在断奶后第4、5天发情,无返情现象,断奶到配种的间隔减少了16.36%,但差异不显著(P0.05),说明母猪日粮中添加腐植酸对经产母猪的发情及情期受胎率有一定的改善效果。     

不同剂型酸化剂对哺乳母猪生产性能、初乳成分和肠道菌群结构的影响

本试验旨在比较2种不同剂型酸化剂对哺乳母猪生产性能、初乳成分和肠道菌群结构的影响。试验选择30头体况相近、预产期接近的2~4胎长大二元杂交母猪,随机分成3个组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头母猪。在试验期间各组母猪分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+0.3%吸附型酸化剂(A组)、基础饲粮+0.1%微囊型酸化剂(B组)。预试期7 d(母猪分娩前7天)、正试期26 d(从母猪分娩开始至泌乳结束)。结果表明:与对照组相比,A组和B组母猪的泌乳期平均日采食量分别提高4.9%(P0.05)和5.3%(P0.05),仔猪断奶均重分别提高2.6%(P0.05)和7.4%(P0.05)。A组和B组的母猪初乳中乳脂、乳蛋白、尿氮素、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白A含量均高于对照组(P0.05),而乳糖含量则低于对照组(P0.05)。与对照组相比,B组母猪饲粮蛋白质消化率显著提高(P0.05),且粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著降低(P0.05);A组母猪粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著降低(P0.05)。由此可见,微囊型酸化剂在提高仔猪断奶重以及哺乳母猪饲粮蛋白质消化率和改善肠道菌群结构方面有一定功效,而吸附型酸化剂在改善哺乳母猪肠道菌群结构方面有一定功效。     

Performance and individual feed intake characteristics of group-housed sows fed a nonstarch polysaccharides diet ad libitum during gestation over three parities

The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of feeding group-housed gestating sows a diet with a high level of fermentable nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP; approximately 45% sugar beet pulp as fed) ad libitum on the development in individual feed intake characteristics and reproductive performance during three successive reproduction cycles. Performance of the ad libitum-fed sows was compared to the performance of sows that were fed a conventional diet restrictedly. Feed intake characteristics during gestation were only measured in the ad libitum-fed sows. One hundred and nineteen sows were assigned to one of two gestation feeding regimens. Gestating sows were fed a conventional Dutch diet restrictedly or a diet with a high level of fermentable NSP ad libitum. During lactation, sows were given free access to a commercial lactation diet from d 6 after parturition onward. The ad libitum-fed sows ate 1.3 kg/d more during gestation than the restrictedly fed sows (P < 0.001), resulting in higher body weight and backfat gains during gestation (P < 0.05). Sows that were fed ad libitum during gestation lost more body weight and backfat during lactation (P < 0.001) than sows that were fed restrictedly during gestation. Feed intake during lactation, however, did not differ between sows that were fed restrictedly or ad libitum during gestation. The numbers of total piglets born, live-born and stillborn piglets, piglet birth weight, weaning-to-estrus interval, and percentage of sows that returned to estrus after first insemination were not affected by gestation feeding regimen. Mean daily voluntary feed intake (as-fed basis) over the three reproduction cycles in the ad libitum-fed gestating sows was 4.2 kg/d. Depending on the number of preceding reproduction cycles during which a sow was fed ad libitum, the maximum voluntary feed intake was reached in Parity 3, 4, or 5 and then remained stable in subsequent parities. Mean daily feed intake of the ad libitum-fed sows increased from wk 2 to 6 of gestation and then decreased to wk 15 of gestation. The mean number of daily visits with feed intake over the three reproduction cycles was 13.8. On average, ad libitum-fed sows spent 90 min/d on eating. This study shows that it is possible to feed gestating sows a diet with a high level of fermentable NSP ad libitum during three successive reproduction cycles without negative effects on reproductive performance.     

Feeding behavior in primiparous lactating sows: impact of a high-fiber diet during pregnancy

Voluntary feed intake of hyperprolific sows can be insufficient to cover the requirements for milk production and maintenance of body condition. A bulky diet fed during pregnancy is known to prepare sows for an ad libitum feed supply after parturition as shown by the increased feed intake during lactation. The aim of this study was to investigate the feeding behavior of young sows during their first lactation to evaluate the further impact of the feeding experience acquired during pregnancy, through the addition of dietary fiber in the diet. Analysis of the feeding pattern and the profile of feed intake tested the hypothesis that lactating sows would exhibit different feeding strategies depending on the diet during pregnancy. During pregnancy, 24 primiparous sows (Large White x Landrace) were offered either 2.4 kg of a control diet/d containing 3.16% crude fiber or 2.8 kg of a high-fiber diet/d containing 12.42% crude fiber. All sows received 33 MJ of DE/d. From the first day postpartum until weaning, all sows were offered the same lactation diet ad libitum. The feeding pattern during lactation was recorded as ADFI, meal frequency, and meal size. In lactation, the ADFI did not differ according to the treatment. Compared with control sows, high-fiber sows consumed their diet in more (P < 0.05) but smaller meals (P < 0.05). In both treatments, ADFI and the number of daily meals increased over weeks of lactation (P < 0.001). All sows presented a strong diurnal and bimodal feeding activity evolving toward 2 distinct feeding periods occurring from 0500 to 0900 and from 1400 to 1800 and accounting for 0.64 of the total daily feed intake during the third week of lactation. The provision of a fibrous diet during pregnancy pointed out the role of an early feeding experience on the development of feeding behavior during the first reproductive cycle.     

早期数量限饲对肉仔鸡生长性能和胴体特性的影响

试验研究了早期数量限饲对肉仔鸡生长性能和胴体品质的影响。200只8日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡被随机分成4组,每组五个重复,每重复10只鸡。对照组基础饲粮根据NRC营养水平配制,试验组肉仔鸡从8日龄开始喂料量分别为对照组的90%、80%和70%,限饲1周后各组恢复自由采食。试验结果表明:在第2周,限饲各组肉仔鸡的体重和日增重分别显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在第3周,限饲90%组完成补偿生长,体重与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);在第4周,限饲80%和70%组完成补偿生长,体重与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);5、6、7周及2～7周各组在体重、日增重、日采食量和饲料转化率等方面都无显著差异(P>0.05)。早期数量限饲对肉仔鸡胴体特性没有显著影响(P>0.05)。     

A review of factors influencing litter size in Irish sows

Many factors influence litter size. These include genetics, gilt management, lactation length, parity distribution, disease, stress and boar fertility. In the past 20 years, litter size in Irish sows has increased by only one pig. Born alive figures now average at 11.2 pigs per litter. In this regard, Ireland is falling behind our European competitors who have made significant advances over this time. Denmark, for example, has an average figure of 12.7 pigs born alive per litter and France an average of 12.5. The single area that could be improved immediately is sow feeding. It is important that sows are fed correctly throughout pregnancy. If over-fed during pregnancy, sows will have depressed appetite during lactation. If underfed in pregnancy, sows will be too thin at farrowing. The correct way to feed a pregnant sow is to match her feed allocation to her requirement for maintenance, body growth and growth of her developing foetuses. During lactation, sows should be given as much feed as they can eat to prevent excessive loss of body condition. Liquid-feed curves should be such that lactating sows are provided with a minimum mean daily feed supply of 6.2 kg. A small proportion of sows will eat more and this could be given as supplementary dry feed. Where dry feeding is practised in the farrowing house, it is difficult to hand-feed sows to match their appetite. Ideally ad libitum wet/dry feeders should be used. From weaning to service, sows should once again be fed ad libitum. If liquid feeding, this means giving at least 60 MJ DE (digestible energy) per day during this period. If dry feeding, at least 4 kg of lactation diet should be fed daily. The effort spent perfecting sow feeding management on units should yield high dividends in the form of increased pigs born alive per litter.     

Influence of postpartum feeding method on performance of the lactating sow

Data on the effect of postpartum feeding methods on sow and litter performance and the incidence of lactation failure in the sow are presented. One hundred and sixteen sows were allowed either ad libitum consumption within 16 h postpartum (AL) or restricted to a gradual increase in feed, starting with 0.45 kg on Day 0 and increasing to 0.91 kg each day reaching ad libitum by Day 6 of lactation (R). The AL sows consumed more feed from Day 0 to Day 6 (P<0.01) and during total lactation period (P<0.10) than R sows. Litter performance was not affected by treatment. Loss of sow body weight and condition during lactation and the weaning-to-estrous interval were not affected by treatment. Lactation failure was minimal and not affected by treatment. Rectal temperatures of AL sows were generally higher than R sows, but were not related to incidence of lactation failure. Fecal consistency scores revealed more normal defecations from the AL sows. Neither AL nor R could be identified as the preferred feeding method.     

Nutrition for optimizing breeding herd performance.

Modern sows are younger and leaner at time of mating and probably have poorer appetites than sows of 10 to 15 years ago. Therefore, feeding strategies should aim to minimize weight loss and maintain a sow's body condition throughout her reproductive life. The efficiency with which gilts are introduced into the breeding herd is as important in economic terms as is the efficiency with which the sow returns to estrus after weaning. Gilts should be selected at 50 to 60 kg, and fed a 16% protein diet ad libitum until mated at their second estrus, when they weigh 115 to 120 kg and have 17 to 20 mm backfat. Flushing gilts before the onset of second or third estrus increases ovulation rate of restricted gilts to the levels achieved by gilts fed ad libitum. During gestation, maintenance represents 75 to 85% of total energy requirements. The aim should be to achieve 20 to 25 mm backfat at farrowing. Increased feed intake from day 2 to 3 after mating will not increase embryo mortality. Feeding an extra 1 kg feed/sow/day for the last 10 days of gestation increases piglet birth weight slightly and prevents a loss of 1.5 to 2.0 mm of sow backfat. Wherever possible, sows should be fed ad libitum from the day after farrowing until weaning. Reduced feed intake by lactating sows, for whatever reason, results in excessive weight and condition loss. Excessive weight loss in lactation causes extended remating intervals, a lower percentage of sows returning to estrus within 10 days of weaning, reduced pregnancy rate, and reduced embryo survival. Ovulation rate is not affected by level of feed intake in lactation. It has been suggested that sows will have minimum weaning-to-service intervals when they weigh 150 kg or more at weaning. It is likely that the sow must be anabolic for about 10 days before she will exhibit postweaning estrus. The decision when to rebreed is made some time prior to weaning and is mediated by a host of substrates, hormones, and neurotransmitters. Sows with a delayed return to estrus also have a lower pregnancy rate and smaller subsequent litters. If sows lose considerable weight or condition during lactation, a high level of feeding in the postweaning period will improve embryo survival.     

Peripartum changes in orexigenic and anorexigenic hormones in relation to back fat thickness and feeding strategy of sows

Highly prolific sows often experience peripartum hypophagia, resulting in decreased production rate. Leptin, ghrelin, and resistin are known as feed intake–regulating hormones in many species, but it is yet unknown how feeding strategy and body condition will affect these hormones around parturition in sows. In the present study, a total of 63 sows, parity 2 to 7 were divided over 2 treatment groups which were fed either restricted (RESTRICT) or ad libitum (ADLIB) during the peripartum period (day 106 of gestation until day 7 of lactation). Within each treatment group, sows were assigned to 1 of 3 body condition groups based on back fat thickness at day 106 of gestation: <18 mm (LEAN), between 18 and 22 mm (MODERATE), and >22 mm (FAT). Postprandial blood samples were taken on days 107, 109, and 112 of gestation and on days 1, 3, and 5 of lactation. With RIA, leptin, ghrelin, and resistin of each sample were analyzed. For both leptin and resistin, the hormonal profile gradually increased throughout the peripartum period (P < 0.001), whereas ghrelin peaked on day 109 of gestation compared with day 107 of gestation and day 1 of lactation. Other time points were intermediate between those two (P < 0.001). The peripartum profile of leptin was significantly higher for FAT sows than for the 2 other condition groups. No effect of body condition on ghrelin and resistin concentrations was observed. None of the 3 measured hormones were affected by feeding strategy. In conclusion, during the peripartum period feed intake of sows did not affect leptin, ghrelin, or resistin profiles. Leptin was the only hormone investigated that reflected body condition. Although body condition and late gestation feed intake have been previously described as risk factors for peripartum hypophagia, they did not induce hypophagia in any of the sows or affect the profile of the observed feed intake–regulating hormones during the peripartum period.     

Reproductive performance of first and second parity sows fed daily or every third day

Crossbred gilts were used in a two-parity experiment to measure the effect on reproductive performance of feeding every third day during gestation.Diets were formulated with maize and soybean meal to 12% and 16% crude protein for gestation and lactation, respectively. Experimental feeding regimens were imposed from an average day 30 to an average day 109 of gestation. During this period, the gravid gilts or sows housed in confinement were fed either 1.9 kg of the gestation diet daily or permitted ad libitum access to the diet for 1 day in each 3-day period. The lactation diet was provided ad libitum from farrowing until weaning at 28 days post partum. From weaning until the dietary treatments were reimposed about 30 days post-coitus, the females were fed 1.9 kg of the gestation diet per day.First-parity females fed ad libitum every third day consumed an average of 0.4 kg more feed per day than did those restricted to 1.9 kg of diet per day. There was no effect of feeding regimen on gestation weight gain or any criteria of reproductive performance, e.g. litter size or weaning weights of piglets. During the second parity, sows allowed to eat ad libitum every third day gained significantly more weight during gestation than those fed daily, reflecting an average daily feed intake that was 1.2 kg greater than that of the control animals fed 1.9 kg day^?1. Second parity reproductive performance was not affected by treatment. Backfat thickness measured at the point of the shoulder and at the last rib on day 30 and day 109 of gestation and at weaning increased during gestation and decreased during lactation regardless of feeding regimen or parity.Feeding gravid pigs every third day did not adversely affect reproductive performance; however, average daily feed intake was increased. Although the sows seemed to adapt quickly to a three-day feeding schedule, welfare aspects need to be investigated further.     

泌乳期母猪的饲喂频率对其体况、生产和繁殖性能的影响

文章评估了哺乳期间母猪的饲喂频率(2或3次/d)对母猪体况、繁殖性能及仔猪生长性能的影响。试验选择68头母猪,随机分为8组(每组8~10头母猪),哺乳期间其中4组母猪每天饲喂2次,另外4组每天饲喂3次,母猪分为青年母猪(<2胎次)和老龄母猪(≥3胎次),试验结束后记录母猪体况评分、肩部组织病变、发情率、母猪生产及仔猪生长性能。结果显示:每天饲喂3次的母猪比饲喂2次的母猪采食量高(P<0.05),肩部组织病变低(P<0.05)。在每天饲喂3次的母猪中,青年母猪返情率为0%,老龄母猪返情率为29%,而在每天饲喂2次的母猪中,青年母猪发情率为20%,老龄母猪为5%。综上所述,在哺乳期,母猪每天饲喂3次较每天饲喂2次提高了采食量,对母猪体况评分和肩部组织病变有改善作用,同时也降低了年轻母猪的返情率。