金荞麦超微粉对小鼠免疫功能的影响

本试验旨在研究金荞麦超微粉对小鼠免疫功能和生长发育的影响。将60只昆明小鼠随机等分为4组,高、中、低剂量组分别灌胃1.75、1.25、0.75 g/kg 体重金荞麦超微粉悬液,连续给药7 d;空白对照组灌胃等量的生理盐水。最后一次给药后间隔12 h,各组小鼠用鸡新城疫弱毒疫苗接种,随后在给药结束后的第7、14和21天取小鼠外周血用于分离淋巴细胞和血清,用CCK-8法测定外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力,微量血凝抑制试验评价血清中新城疫抗体水平,同时称量各组小鼠体重;给药结束后21 d测定小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力及脾脏指数。统计学分析结果显示,与对照组相比,中剂量金荞麦超微粉可极显著提高小鼠外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力、免疫抗体水平和体重(P<0.01),同时极显著提高腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力和脾脏指数(P<0.01)。试验结果表明,金荞麦超微粉能显著提高机体的特异性免疫和非特异性免疫功能,促进机体的生长发育,为开发金荞麦超微粉成为新型天然植物药、饲料添加剂提供依据。     

白花蛇舌草多糖体外免疫活性研究

目的:探讨白花蛇舌草多糖对小鼠胸腺和脾脏体外免疫功能的影响。方法:采用MTT法研究不同浓度(500μg/m L、250μg/m L、200μg/m L、150μg/m L、100μg/m L、50μg/m L、25μg/m L)的白花蛇舌草多糖对体外培养的小鼠胸腺和脾脏淋巴细胞的代谢及其与Con A或LPS协同诱导的转化作用、小鼠胸腺和脾脏巨噬细胞吞噬活性及自然杀伤细胞活性的影响。结果:白花蛇舌草多糖可显著提高脾脏巨噬细胞吞噬功能(P0.01),促进脾脏淋巴细胞代谢及其与Con A或LPS协同诱导的转化作用(P0.01),但对小鼠胸腺淋巴细胞代谢及其与Con A或LPS协同诱导的转化作用、小鼠胸腺巨噬细胞吞噬功能无显著性影响(P0.05);白花蛇舌草多糖能够显著增强小鼠胸腺和脾脏NK细胞活性(P0.01),并呈现明显的量效双向作用关系。结论:一定浓度范围内的白花蛇舌草多糖可提高小鼠脾脏和胸腺淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞和NK细胞的体外免疫活性。     

熟地黄多糖对环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制小鼠的免疫调节作用研究

【目的】研究熟地黄多糖对环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制小鼠的免疫调节作用,为熟地黄多糖用于临床治疗免疫低下疾病或开发相关保健食品提供科学依据。【方法】选用36只昆明系小鼠,随机分为6组：空白对照组、免疫抑制模型组、黄芪多糖组及熟地黄多糖低、中、高(分别灌胃熟地黄多糖50、100、200 mg/kg)剂量组(PRRPL、PRRPM、PRRPH),每组6只。除空白对照组外,其余各组小鼠均腹腔注射80 mg/kg环磷酰胺,建立免疫抑制模型。造模后各组小鼠分别灌胃相应药物,1次/d,连续15 d,测定小鼠体重、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力、免疫器官系数、脾淋巴细胞增殖及细胞周期、血清细胞因子含量,观察脾脏和胸腺组织形态学、肠道派氏节数目等免疫指标。【结果】与空白对照组相比,模型组脾脏指数极显著升高(P<0.01),脾脏红髓、白髓界限不清,脾淋巴细胞数量减少;胸腺指数降低,皮质、髓质不清,结构破坏;脾淋巴细胞增殖能力、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力及血清白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、IL-6、γ-干扰素(INF-γ)水平均显著或极显著降低(P<0.05;P<0.01);脾淋巴细胞滞留在G0/G1期。...     

金线莲多糖对免疫抑制小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖及免疫器官的影响

目的：探讨金线莲多糖对免疫抑制小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖及免疫器官的影响。方法：按大、中、小剂量给小鼠灌胃金线莲多糖,腹腔注射环磷酰胺（CY）建立免疫抑制模型;测定小鼠体重及胸腺、脾脏重量,计算胸腺、脾指数;采用MTT法检测脾淋巴细胞的增殖。结果：3个金线莲多糖剂量组小鼠的体重及免疫器官指数均低于空白组而高于模型组,脾淋巴细胞增殖均显著（P〈O．05）高于模型组。结论：金线莲多糖能提高免疫抑制小鼠体重及免疫器官指数,促进脾淋巴细胞增殖。     

桑枝多糖对免疫抑制小鼠的免疫调节作用

通过腹腔注射80 mg/kg环磷酰胺建立免疫抑制小鼠模型,给模型小鼠灌胃不同剂量的自制桑枝多糖,检测其免疫指标的变化情况。与正常对照组小鼠比较,模型对照组小鼠的脾脏指数、胸腺指数、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率与吞噬指数、淋巴细胞转化率、血清溶血素含量、溶血空斑形成数量均极显著降低(P0.01);与模型对照组(灌胃等体积8.5 g/L Na Cl溶液)小鼠比较,桑枝多糖高剂量[600 mg/(kg·d)]给药组小鼠的胸腺指数和脾脏指数以及高剂量、中剂量[400 mg/(kg·d)]给药组小鼠的腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率与吞噬指数、血清溶血素含量与溶血空斑形成数量均极显著提高(P0.01),中剂量组小鼠的胸腺指数以及高、中剂量组小鼠的淋巴细胞转化率均显著提高(P0.05)。试验结果表明,桑枝多糖能增强免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能。     

松乳菇菌丝多糖对小鼠免疫调节作用研究

为了探讨松乳菇菌丝多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响,试验将小鼠分为4组,试验组每日分别灌胃3种剂量的松乳菇菌丝多糖,对照组灌胃等量的生理盐水,连续灌胃14 d。于第15天,称取胸腺和脾脏的重量,测定小鼠的胸腺指数和脾脏指数;以碳廓清法测定小鼠单核-巨噬细胞的吞噬功能;采用MTT法检测脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖能力;采用鸡红细胞免疫小鼠法检测血清溶血素效价。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组胸腺指数和脾脏指数均明显升高,且中、高剂量组胸腺指数和脾脏指数差异极显著(P0.01);中、高剂量组能显著提高小鼠单核-巨噬细胞吞噬活性(P0.05);中剂量组能显著提高小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞增殖能力(P0.05),高剂量组能极显著提高小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞增殖能力(P0.01);3个剂量组均能进一步提高小鼠血清溶血素效价,且中、高剂量组能极显著提高(P0.01)。说明松乳菇菌丝多糖能增强小鼠的免疫功能。     

槐花多糖对小鼠免疫调节作用的试验

以槐花为试材,研究槐花多糖对小鼠的免疫调节作用。将槐花多糖用生理盐水配制成一定浓度的溶液,以腹腔注射的方法作用于小鼠,测定小鼠外周血和脾脏淋巴细胞增殖、腹腔巨噬细胞活性和免疫器官指数等指标的变化。结果 1.0 m L/d的槐花多糖注射量可以显著促进小鼠外周血和脾脏淋巴细胞的增殖,提高小鼠巨噬细胞活性,并促进小鼠免疫器官的生长发育。     

黄芪多糖和白花蛇舌草多糖对猪高致病性繁殖与呼吸综合征灭活疫苗免疫的影响

以黄芪多糖和白花蛇舌草多糖作为免疫增强剂联合猪高致病性繁殖与呼吸综合征灭活疫苗免疫26日龄断奶仔猪,免疫后7,14,24,34,44,54,69 d前腔静脉采血,检测外周血淋巴细胞增殖,并用ELISA法检测血清中抗猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒抗体及IL-2水平.结果表明,与生理盐水组比较,黄芪多糖和白花蛇舌草多糖均能极显著促进外周血淋巴细胞的增殖,使抗体提早产生并提高抗体滴度和IL-2表达水平;因此,黄芪多糖和白花蛇舌草多糖能增强猪对高致病性繁殖与呼吸综合征灭活疫苗的免疫应答能力.     

葎草乙醇提取物对小鼠淋巴细胞转化率和巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响

为了研究不同剂量的葎草乙醇提取物对小鼠血液淋巴细胞转化率和腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬活性的影响,试验将48只健康昆明小鼠随机分为对照组(灌胃生理盐水),葎草提取物低剂量(100 mg/kg)组、中剂量(200 mg/kg)组及高剂量(300 mg/kg)组,每组3个重复,每个重复4只,低、中、高剂量组小鼠每天分别按体重灌胃葎草提取物100,200,300 mg/kg,每天1次,连续灌胃30 d。肌肉注射植物血细胞凝集素用以检测血液淋巴细胞转化率;腹腔注射鸡红细胞,取腹腔液,检测巨噬细胞吞噬百分率和吞噬指数。结果表明:葎草提取物中剂量组小鼠的淋巴细胞转化率和巨噬细胞吞噬百分率、吞噬指数均极显著高于低剂量组和高剂量组(P0.01)。说明葎草提取物能提高血液淋巴细胞转化率和巨噬细胞吞噬活性,提高机体免疫功能。     

CecropinA-thanatin杂合肽对小鼠生长性能及免疫功能的影响

测定不同剂量和不同给药途径CecropinA-thanatin杂合肽对小鼠生长性能及免疫功能的影响。根据试验要求:将试验小鼠分为高、中和低剂量灌胃抗菌肽组(A组、B组和C组)、中间剂量腹腔注射抗菌肽组(D组)、中间剂量灌胃庆大霉素组(E组)和对照组(灌胃pPICZαA空载体转化酵母的上清,F组),各处理方法连续处理4周;4周后脱臼处死小鼠,称体质量、脾和胸腺质量;脾淋巴细胞增殖试验;油镜下观察并计算巨噬细胞吞噬率和巨噬细胞吞噬指数。杂合肽混合液的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为0.45 mmol/L,生长性能试验结果显示:高剂量杂合肽灌胃组小鼠明显比其他组小鼠表现更好;免疫器官指数试验结果显示:灌胃高剂量杂合肽可显著提高小鼠的脾指数和胸腺指数及脾淋巴细胞增殖能力(P0.05)。试验结果显示:灌胃和腹腔注射中间剂量杂合肽均可提高小鼠的细胞免疫功能;巨噬细胞吞噬率和巨噬细胞吞噬指数显示灌胃中间剂量杂合肽可显著提高巨噬细胞吞噬功能(P0.05)。CecropinA-thanatin杂合肽可提高小鼠的体质量增长率;合适的CecropinA-thanatin杂合肽给药剂量和给药途径可提高小鼠的免疫器官指数,细胞免疫及巨噬细胞吞噬能力。     

白花蛇舌草超微粉对小鼠免疫功能的影响

The assay was aimed to study the effect of Hedyotis diffusa Willd superfines powder on immune function. Three groups of mice were gavaged with the drugs at doses of 1.75,1.25 and 0.75 g/kg once a day for 7 consecutive days, repectively. The mice of control group were administered with the same volume of saline.At the last time, mice were injected into the muscle with Newcastle disease vaccine,and get peripheral blood on days 7, 14 and 21 after the medicine administration. The enhancement of innate immune responses were evaluated by using CCK-8 method, hemagglutination inhibition test, macrophage phagocytic function test and organ coefficient method. The levels of lymphocytes proliferative capacity, serum antibody, peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis and the indexes of immune organs in mice were extremely significantly enhanced (P＜0.01). Hedyotis diffusa dWilld superfines powder could extremely significantly regulate the immunity function of mice (P＜0.01).     

黄芪、白术水煎剂对鸡新城疫疫苗免疫效果的影响

探讨鸡口服黄芪、白术水煎剂对鸡新城疫疫苗免疫效果的影响。给7日龄健康梅岭土鸡连续7 d饮用口服黄芪或白术水煎剂,12.5 g/kg.d,后分2次间隔14 d滴鼻接种鸡新城疫Ⅳ系弱毒苗(LaSota株)。分别在首免前、及免疫后1、2、3、4周采血,分离血清,用血凝抑制试验检测鸡新城疫抗体效价(HI)。结果显示,口服中药组的鸡血清HI效价高于未服中药对照组,黄芪水煎剂组于二免后1周,白术水煎剂组于二免后1、2周,HI效价显著高于未服中药对照组。结果表明,在疫苗免疫之前给鸡口服白术水煎剂或黄芪水煎剂可以显著增强免疫效果。     

The intestinal and serum humoral immune response of mice to orally administered antigens in liposomes: II. The response to liposome-entrapped bacterial proteins.

Effective oral adjuvants are needed to improve the intestinal immune responses to oral vaccines that are based on relatively low molecular weight antigens refined from veterinary pathogens. Liposomes prepared by different methods and composed of phospholipids of varying transition temperature were used to entrap cholera toxin (CT) and fed to mice. No significant increase in the intestinal antibody nor the serum IgA antibody response was detected but levels of serum IgG anti-CT antibody were significantly elevated in the group fed CT in phosphatidylcholine-based liposomes. Levels of antibody were significantly reduced in the groups fed CT in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine liposomes. Escherichia coli wall extract (ECWE) entrapped in certain liposome types and fed to mice elicited significantly increased serum anti-ECWE antibody responses but intestinal antibody responses were insignificantly different from the controls. These results suggest that orally administered liposomes fail to act as potent intestinal adjuvants for the entrapped antigens of bacterial origin used in this study.     

口服姬松茸多糖对鸡疫苗免疫力及红细胞免疫功能影响的研究

本试验的目的在于研究姬松茸多糖对鸡疫苗免疫力和红细胞免疫功能的影响.方法：将试验鸡随机分为3组：对照组用新城疫Ⅳ冻干苗及新城疫灭活疫苗进行免疫;Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组同样进行免疫,同时分别灌服0.6%和3%的姬松茸多糖灭菌溶液1 ml/只,连续3 d.于免疫前及免疫后的第4、11、18 d,分别检测ND抗体效价及红细胞C3b受体花环率.结果：Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组的抗体水平在免疫后第4 d至第18 d一直处于上升趋势,且在免疫后第4 d和第18 d显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组间差异不显著;Ⅱ组在免疫后第4d红细胞花环率显著高于对照组和Ⅲ组（P＜0.05）,而Ⅲ组在免疫后第11d红细胞花环率显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）.结论：姬松茸多糖具有提高鸡疫苗免疫力和红细胞免疫功能的作用,但未见明显的量效关系.     

Study on Synergistic Effect of VA5 Immunopotentiator on Pigeon NDV Inactivated Vaccine

This study was designed to evaluate the synergistic effect of VA5 immunopotentiator on pigeon ND4416 inactivated vaccine.160 healthy pigeons were randomly divided into four groups,including ND4416 strain inactivated vaccine group (NDV group),ND4416 strain inactivated vaccine and immunopotentiator (VA5) mixed group (NDV+VA5 group),La Sota inactivated vaccine group (La Sota group) and normal saline as the control group (C group),to assess their vaccine efficacy against virulent pigeon NDV by serological analysis and animal testing.Pigeons sera were collected at different time points after immunization and measured the HI antibody titer of each group.The results showed that VA5 immunopotentiator significantly improved the serum antibody level of pigeons immunized with pigeon Newcastle disease inactivated vaccine (P<0.05).In addition,comparative test of spleen lymphocyte transformation was conducted at various time points after immunization.The results indicated that VA5 effectively stimulated the lymphocyte transformation of immune pigeon.Pigeons in each groups were challenged with ND4416 strain at the 30th,90th and 180th d after immunization.The results presented that the NDV+VA5 group had 100% protection rate and higher than La Sota group.The duration of immunization test showed that the antibody titer of NDV+VA5 group reached peak 11.20log₂ at the 21st d,remained 7.50log₂ at 180th d,and the protection rate remained 100% at 180th d.It indicated that VA5 immunopotentiator sustained the immune duration of pigeon NDV vaccine up to 180 d.Moreover,the in vitro detoxification test results suggested that VA5 immunopotentiator reduced the in vitro detoxification cycle of pigeons after challenge.Overall,this study suggested VA5 immunopotentiator could significantly improve the immune efficacy of pigeon Newcastle disease inactivated vaccine,which provided a basis for further enhancing the efficacy of Newcastle disease vaccine,as well increased experimental data for the application of immunopotentiators.     

VA5免疫增强剂对鸽新城疫病毒灭活疫苗的增效作用研究

试验旨在探究VA5免疫增强剂对鸽新城疫病毒（NDV）灭活疫苗（ND4416株）的免疫增效作用。选取160只健康鸽随机分为4组：ND4416株灭活疫苗组（NDV组）、ND4416株灭活疫苗与免疫增强剂（VA5）混合组（NDV+VA5组）、La Sota灭活疫苗组（La Sota组）及生理盐水空白对照组（C组）,进行免疫效力及免疫持续期试验。采用血凝抑制试验检测各组鸽免疫后不同时间点的血清抗体效价,结果显示,VA5免疫增强剂能够显著提高鸽NDV灭活疫苗血清抗体水平（P<0.05）。脾脏淋巴细胞转化试验结果显示,VA5能够有效刺激免疫鸽的淋巴细胞转化。在免疫后第30、90、180天,各组鸽子采用ND4416株进行攻毒试验,结果显示,NDV+VA5组在3个时间点的攻毒保护率均为100%,均高于La Sota组。免疫持续期试验结果显示,NDV+VA5组血清抗体水平在免疫后第21天达峰值11.20log₂,第180天仍能达到7.50log₂,攻毒保护率达100%,表明VA5免疫增强剂可延长鸽新城疫疫苗的免疫效力持续期至180 d。攻毒后体外排毒检测结果表明,VA5免疫增强剂能够缩短攻毒后鸽的体外排毒周期,减少体外排毒。综上,VA5免疫增强剂能够显著提高鸽NDV灭活疫苗的免疫效果,为研制效果更好的鸽NDV疫苗提供了基础依据,同时也为免疫增强剂的应用增加了试验数据。     

Effect of Fagopyrum dibotryis Superfine Powder on the Immune Function and the Growth and Development of Broilers

In order to study the effects of Fagopyrum dibotryis superfine powder on the immune function and growth and development of broilers,160 one-day-old White feather broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 4 groups. The nasal drops were given with Newcastle disease live vaccine at 7 days old,and Newcastle disease-avian influenza inactivated vaccine was given by subcutaneous injection (0.3 mL/only).After 12 h,each group was fed with different feeds,the broilers in the low and high dose groups were fed diet supplemented 4.50‰,8.75‰ Fagopyrum dibotryis superfine powder,respectively,administration for 7 d. The broilers in the positive control group were fed diet added 400 g/L Astragalus polysaccharide, continuous administration for 7 d,and feed of blank control group did not add any drugs. The lymphocytes and serum were collected and then used for the separation of lymphocytes and serum at 7,21 and 35 d after the end of the administration. The proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes was measured by CCK-8 method. The titer of serum was evaluated by the hemagglutination inhibition test.The body weight of each group was weighed at the same time.After that,the rats were sacrificed,the spleen and bursa of Fabricius were used to calculate the immune organ index. The results showed that compared with the control group,the F/G of high dose group,low dose group and Astragalus polysaccharide group were decreased by different degrees at 7,21 and 35 d after the end of the administration (P>0.05). In addition,the proliferation ability of the peripheral blood lymphocytes,immune antibody level and the body weight in broilers of administration groups were increased,in which the titers of AIV and NDV antibodies were extremely significantly increased in high dose group compared with the control group (P<0.01).Meanwhile the Fagopyrum dibotryis superfine powder also could increase the spleen and bursa of Fabricius indexes. In conclusion,the Fagopyrum dibotryis superfine powder could significantly improve the cellular immunity, humoral immunity and nonspecific immune function of broilers,and significantly increased the body weight. According to the specification of the results of the instructions, we could determine that it had the effect to comprehensively improve the immunity and growth of White feather broilers. The study could lay the foundation of the future development of Fagopyrum dibotryis superfine powder into a new natural herbal medicine and feed additives.     

金荞麦超微粉对肉鸡免疫功能、生长发育的影响

本试验为研究金荞麦超微粉对肉鸡免疫功能和生长发育的影响,将160只1日龄白羽肉鸡随机分为4组,7日龄时用新城疫活疫苗滴鼻（1头份/只）,同时颈部皮下注射新城疫-禽流感二联灭活疫苗（0.3 mL/只）,间隔12 h后各组分别饲喂含不同药物的饲料,自由采食。低、高剂量组分别在饲料中添加4.50‰、8.75‰金荞麦超微粉,连续给药7 d。阳性对照组在饲料中添加400 g/L黄芪多糖,连续给药7 d;空白对照组饲料中不添加任何药物。随后在给药结束后的第7、21和35天翅下静脉采血用于分离淋巴细胞和血清,用CCK-8法测定外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力;微量血凝抑制试验评价血清中抗体效价;同时称量各组肉鸡体重,屠宰后解剖,取脾脏、法氏囊和胸腺计算免疫器官指数。结果显示,与对照组相比,在给药结束后7、21和35 d,金荞麦超微粉高、低剂量组与黄芪多糖组料重比均不同程度降低（P>0.05）;此外给药组可提高肉鸡外周血淋巴细胞增殖能力、免疫抗体水平和肉鸡体重,其中给药结束后21 d,金荞麦超微粉高剂量组禽流感病毒和新城疫病毒抗体效价与对照组相比差异极显著（P<0.01）;同时还能提高脾脏和法氏囊的脏器系数,并具有量效关系。综上所述,金荞麦超微粉可以显著提高雏鸡的细胞免疫、体液免疫和非特异性免疫功能,并显著增加体重。表明金荞麦超微粉具有增强白羽肉鸡免疫力和促进生长发育的功效,为开发金荞麦超微粉为新型天然植物药、饲料添加剂提供了依据。     

小鼠对温和气单胞菌口服缓释微球疫苗的免疫应答

采用中华鳖温和气单胞菌(Aeromonas sobria,As)Z-1株灭活全菌液,以生物降解性高分子材料为载体,制成微球疫苗,口服免疫ICR小鼠,测定了血清中凝集抗体效价、血液中单核-巨噬细胞的吞噬活性以及对活菌攻击的免疫保护力.结果显示小鼠微球疫苗口服免疫后第4周,血清中凝集抗体效价和血液中单核-巨噬细胞的吞噬指数均可达到与灭活菌液注射组相当的水平(P＞0.05),明显高于灭活菌液口服组(P＜0.01);免疫后第7～12周,微球疫苗口服组血清凝集抗体效价显著高于灭活菌液注射组(P＜0.05);微球疫苗口服组和灭活菌液注射组的免疫保护力均为87.5%,而灭活菌液口服组不能提供有效的保护,与对照组死亡率相同(100%).结论认为,中华鳖气单胞菌口服微球疫苗具有缓释作用;以可生物降解的微球作为中华鳖气单胞菌口服疫苗的载体系统具有潜在的优势.