Antibody to Rat Kidney: In vivo Effects of Univalent and Divalent Fragments

Whereas intact antibody to rat kidney (7S) produced immediate and sustained proteinuria in rats, univalent fragments (papain digests) of the antibody did not, and divalent fragments (pepsin digests) produced only transitory proteinuria. The antibody fragments differed from the intact antibody in fixing little, if any, complement in vivo which may explain why they did not cause serious renal damage.     

Properties of the major component of a peptic digest of rabbit antibody

The molecular weight of the active, major component isolated from a peptic digest of rabbit antibody was found to be 106,000. After treatment with a disulfide-splitting reagent, the molecular weight was 56,000, and the products migrated as a single peak in the ultracentrifuge. he univalent fragments thus formed can be partially recombined by passage through IR-120 cation-exchange resin at room temperature or by treatment with a difunctional organic mercurial. Some splitting of the pepsin-treated antibody molecule occurs on carboxymethylcellulose at pH 5.4.     

猪链球菌病单价与多价灭活苗的免疫效果

分别用猪链球菌C、D、E血清群菌株制成两种单价灭活苗S1(C群菌株苗)、S2(D群菌株苗);一种二价灭活苗S3(C、D群菌株苗)和一种三价灭活苗S4(C、D、E群菌株苗)。四种灭活苗经免疫家兔和断奶仔猪后,比较血清抗体水平,四种疫苗的各群抗体水平均能规律性地转阳,其抗体水平间无明显差异。四种疫苗分别免疫小鼠2周后采用强毒进行攻击,它们对相应的血清群强毒株的攻击均能保护,且保护数无明显差异,结果显示多价灭活苗能够保护相应的致病血清群强毒株的攻击,其保护效果与单价灭活苗无差异。     

Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis with antibody fragments

Pepsin-digested rabbit antibody (5S) provoked reverse passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in the guinea pig, but was somewhat less effective, mole for mole, than the native antibody. Fixation of guinea pig complement by the pepsin-digested antibody could not be demonstrated either in vitro or in vivo. Splitting of the 5S fragment into two monovalent fragments (3.5S) markedly reduced the capacity to provoke reverse passive cutaneous anaphylaxis.     

免疫乳对断奶仔猪免疫功能的影响

[目的]研究免疫乳对断奶仔猪免疫功能的影响。[方法]将30头断奶仔猪随机分为3组,即抗大肠杆菌免疫乳组、抗沙门氏菌免疫乳组和对照组,10头/组,分别饲喂抗体滴度均为28抗大肠杆菌免疫乳、抗沙门氏菌免疫乳和普通常乳。饲喂方法为经口灌服,20ml/次,2次/d,持续2周。2周后,测定血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、IgA、IgM和IgG含量、血清抗体水平和淋巴细胞转化率。[结果]免疫乳能显著提高断奶仔猪血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、IgA、IgM和IgG的含量,血清中抗体水平以及淋巴细胞转化率（P〈0.05）。[结论]口服免疫乳可明显增强仔猪免疫力。     

大豆11S/7S球蛋白比值QTL定位及相关基因分析

11S球蛋白与7S球蛋白是大豆贮藏蛋白主要成分,对大豆营养品质及加工特性有显著影响,且11S球蛋白对大豆营养品质及加工特性影响优于7S球蛋白,两者蛋白含量呈负相关.因此,大豆11S/7S球蛋白比值性状相关QTL位点与候选基因挖掘尤为重要.研究选用181个株系染色体片段代换系群体(Chromosome segment substitution lines,CSSL),采用完备区间作图法(Inclusive composite interval mapping)作11S球蛋白与7S球蛋白比值QTL定位,获得3个与大豆11S/7S球蛋白比值相关QTL.在两个共识QTL区间内,获得6个候选基因,通过实时荧光定量PCR验证,Glyma.09G015100在低、高表型材料中相对表达量均高于对照材料,表明该基因在球蛋白表达过程中有促进作用.研究结果为大豆11S球蛋白与7S球蛋白比值QTL精细定位及适用于加工品种选育提供理论依据.     

Anti-inflammatory activity of IVIG mediated through the inhibitory Fc receptor

The molecular basis for the anti-inflammatory property of intravenous gamma globulin (IVIG) was investigated in a murine model of immune thrombocytopenia. Administration of clinically protective doses of intact antibody or monomeric Fc fragments to wild-type or Fcgamma receptor-humanized mice prevented platelet consumption triggered by a pathogenic autoantibody. The inhibitory Fc receptor, FcgammaRIIB, was required for protection, because disruption either by genetic deletion or with a blocking monoclonal antibody reversed the therapeutic effect of IVIG. Protection was associated with the ability of IVIG administration to induce surface expression of FcgammaRIIB on splenic macrophages. Modulation of inhibitory signaling is thus a potent therapeutic strategy for attenuating autoantibody-triggered inflammatory diseases.     

不同大豆品种籽粒及其豆腐中蛋白质组分的研究

选用２３个春大豆和夏大豆栽培品种。调查单株粒重，测定豆腐产量性状，籽粒蛋白质含量和蛋白质各组分含量。研究表明：大豆籽粒中球蛋白，清蛋白，，谷蛋白，醇溶谷蛋白，２Ｓ，７Ｓ，１１Ｓ球蛋白含量分别平均为２７．５４３％，６．９５２％，５．２９２％，１．９０１％，４．８６２％，５．３７４％和１７．３１４％。籽粒蛋白质各组分含量变异系数大。豆腐湿重，豆腐干重，豆腐湿体积与籽粒中７Ｓ，１１Ｓ球蛋白，清蛋白含量呈     

Amino Acid Composition of Univalent Fragments of Rabbit Antibody

Univalent fragments of gamma-globulin preparations from four individual rabbits were fractionated and the amino acid compositions of end fractions were compared. For amino acids with uncharged side chains, differences were consistently less than one residue per fragment of molecular weight 50,000. There were differences in the content of amino acids, other than glutamic acid, with charged side chains; these were in the direction expected on the basis of relative strength of adherence to carboxymethyl cellulose and electrophoretic mobility. Exclusive of any possible differences in amide, the total difference in charged groups was three to four residues per fragment. Sine the net charge of univalent fragments reflects that of the gamma-globulin molecule from which the fragments are derived, corresponding differences in composition may also exist among whole gamma-globulin molecules.     

荞麦3个种子蛋白基因的序列和表达分析

【目的】阐明荞麦Fagopyrum中3个种子蛋白基因序列的特征及其在种子发育过程中的作用,为探讨荞麦种子发育过程分子机制提供理论依据。【方法】利用本地Perl程序、BLASTP、MEGA6、PLANTCARE等,分析了荞麦3个种子蛋白基因(13S球蛋白基因、11S球蛋白基因和谷蛋白基因)序列及其编码蛋白质的进化关系,预测启动子区域的顺式作用元件。通过荧光定量PCR技术分析3个基因在甜荞F.esculentum、苦荞F.tataricum和金荞F.cymosum种子发育过程中的表达情况。【结果】13S球蛋白基因含有4个外显子和3个内含子,蛋白序列长515 aa,与苦荞中的一个13S球蛋白(Gene Bank登录号:ABI32184.1)仅有6个氨基酸不同,推测二者为同一个基因,在苦荞灌浆中期表达量最高;11S球蛋白基因含有8个外显子和7个内含子,蛋白序列长914 aa,与欧洲慈姑中的一个11S球蛋白(Gene Bank登录号:ABB77213.1)亲缘关系最近,在苦荞灌浆中期表达量最高;谷蛋白基因含有3个外显子和2个内含子,蛋白序列长355 aa,与甜菜中的一个B5型谷蛋白(Gene Bank登录号:XP_010683769.1)亲缘关系最近,在甜荞灌浆中期表达量最高。3个基因的启动子区域均含有大量响应逆境和激素的顺式作用元件,以及在胚乳中表达所需的顺式作用元件。【结论】本研究获得了1个13S球蛋白基因序列、1个11S球蛋白基因序列和1个谷蛋白基因序列,这3个基因可能在胚乳中优势表达,并且参与到逆境胁迫和激素响应的过程中;灌浆中期是种子蛋白积累的关键时期,3个基因均在这一时期大量表达,这为后续进一步研究基因功能奠定了基础。     

RUBELLA VIRUS: NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY IN COMMERCIAL GAMMA GLOBULIN

In 19 lots of standard commercial gamma globulin from humans, the titers of antibody neutralizing rubella virus varied from, 256 to 2048. The titers could not be correlated with geographic location of the donors, method of extraction, or tissue source. Samples of gamma globulin from rubella convalescents had titers of 4096. These titers were approximately 20 times higher than those in serum specimens from patients ill with natural or experimental infection. Serum antibody appears to persist for a number of years at nearly the original titers.     

低能N+离子束诱导小麦农艺性状变异的细胞学基础

用剂量不同的低能(E=30kev)N+离子注入小麦稳定品系CH3286干种子,对M3代植株的株高、生育期(抽穗期)、抗病性、穗型和产量等农艺性状的变异进行了分析,对产生这种诱变效应的细胞学机制进行了细致的研究。结果表明,N+离子注入对小麦农艺性状的影响主要表现在生育期(抽穗期)、株高、穗型和产量性状,对抗病性改善不大。对产量性状的影响主要表现在对千粒重、株粒重、株粒数的影响,使千粒重极显著的降低(F=0.01),而使株粒重和株粒数显著的增加(F=0.05),对穗长、穗颈长、剑叶长、结实小穗数的影响不大。低能N+离子束注入,影响M1代小麦植株花粉母细胞减数分裂,使中期Ⅰ细胞的染色体配对频率降低,单价体频率增高,出现环状染色体、染色体断臂和多价体;在减数分裂后期和末期细胞中,染色体桥、落后染色体、染色体断片和微核等染色体畸变频率比未注入小麦显著增高,其中以染色体断片和微核居多;染色体的畸变频率与离子注入剂量呈正相关,剂量越大,畸变频率越高,变异类型也相对较多。低能N+离子束诱导花粉母细胞减数分裂行为异常是其诱导小麦农艺性状变异的重要原因,并呈明显的剂量效应。     

中国春-柱穗山羊草杀配子染色体2C附加系与小麦-冰草附加系杂交F2的细胞学特性

 【目的】对5个小麦-冰草附加系与中国春-杀配子染色体2C附加系杂交F2的减数分裂进行观察,分析杀配子染色体在小麦-冰草附加系背景下诱导染色体变异的有效性,为获得小麦-冰草染色体易位奠定基础。【方法】杂交F2植株幼穗减数分裂染色体行为观察采用常规细胞学方法,冰草P染色质的检测采用GISH方法。【结果】杂交F2PMC减数分裂中期普遍观察到多个单价体、多价体以及落后染色体和断片,多数组合观察到染色体桥,个别组合出现单价环状染色体。杂交F2减数分裂染色体存在异常现象：平均36.5%的细胞中有多个单价体,15.8%的细胞含有多价体,31.6%和11.7%的细胞中含有染色体断片和桥,四分体时期存在微核、多裂和四分孢子退化现象。F2植株的自交结实率平均为31.47%。对部分F2植株的减数分裂细胞GISH检测表明,P染色体多为单体附加,有2.7%的植株可能产生染色体易位。【结论】较高频率的染色体断裂和部分配子致死是杀配子染色体诱导变异的典型特征,柱穗山羊草2C杀配子染色体在小麦-冰草附加系背景下能够有效诱导染色体产生结构变异,这种诱变作用和频率在不同附加系背景下存在差异。     

间接竞争ELISA检测大豆11S球蛋白和7S伴球蛋白

采用酸沉淀、亲和层析(ConA-Sepharose 4B)等手段,成功地分离纯化了大豆11S球蛋白和7S伴球蛋白,SDS-PAGE检测表明2种蛋白纯度分别达到95%和90%。将纯化的11S球蛋白和7S伴球蛋白分别免疫大白兔获得抗血清,并建立起间接竞争ELISA检测大豆豆粕及其深加工产品中11S和7S抗原蛋白含量的方法。     

温度对鲤鱼口服免疫后免疫应答的影响

为研究温度对鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)口服免疫后免疫应答规律的影响,试验设定了两个温度梯度,并测定了各温度梯度下鲤鱼口服免疫迟缓爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella tarda)药饵后,鱼体内血清抗体效价、血清γ球蛋白含量和血清γ球蛋白百分比、血液嗜中性粒细胞吞噬活性、溶菌酶活性和超氧化物歧化酶的活性的变化。结果表明:25℃低温组抗体效价自第28天显著高于30℃高温组,低温组γ球蛋白含量第14天高于高温组,在56d有极显著差异。温度能显著影响鲤鱼嗜中性粒细胞的吞噬、溶菌酶和SOD活性,低温组除嗜中性粒细胞的吞噬活性显著低于高温组外,溶菌酶和SOD的活性均显著高于高温组。     

~(60)Co诱变晋大78后代贮藏蛋白亚基相对含量变异的研究

对晋大78号种子进行60Co辐射处理,以后代M3代为材料,进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测和分析,结果显示:晋大78及诱变后代贮藏蛋白亚基的组成基本相同,但是各亚基相对含量变异较大,变异系数均大于10%,变异类型丰富;11S/7S与11S球蛋白呈极显著正相关,11S与7S球蛋白呈显著负相关(r=-0.109,P<0.05),根据11S/7S的比值将诱变后代群体分为比值高(>2.6)、比值较高(2.0～2.6)、比值中等(1.0～2.0)以及比值低等(<1.0)4类,为选育11S/7S高的大豆品种提供理论基础和实践依据。     

Immunological specificity,unique combinations of selected natural globulins provide an alternative to the classical concept

The concept of immunological specificity based on a unique combination of natural globulins is an attractive alternative to the classical concept of unique globulin molecules for each possible antigen. Many hitherto separate facets of the antibody response such as antibody diversity, cross-reactions, natural antibodies, increased mitoses in lymphatic tissue, the anamnestic response, and immune tolerance may be related through the general thesis that antibody production is not a unique biological phenomenon but a highly specialized example of certain general cellular processes.     

种子特异启动子的克隆及植物表达载体构建

[目的]启动子是植物基因工程中一个重要工具,对构建植物生物反应器有着重要意义。8S球蛋白是绿豆中含量最丰富的种子贮藏蛋白,因此,其调控序列可能提供了一个很好来源的种子特异性启动子。[方法]通过基因组步移技术克隆了绿豆8s球蛋白a亚基基因8SGα的启动子区域,基因组步移使用的引物根据绿豆8SGα的cDNA序列设计。[结果]通过3轮PCR的扩增,得到了472bp的上游序列片段,构建了植物双元表达载体pBI－8SGα-GUS。[结论]研究结果可用于转化植物,并于转基因植物中分析启动表达的时空特异性及表达强度,并为植物种子生物反应器提供重要元件。     

大豆7S、11S球蛋白亚基缺失突变体豆腐加工特性的鉴定

以4份7S、11S球蛋白不同亚基组成大豆种质为试材,采用小样本大豆加工方法制作豆腐,测定其豆腐产量、豆腐干重(DTW)、豆腐蛋白含量(PC)、豆腐硬度和豆浆蛋白率(RPA)等豆腐品质指标.并分析和鉴定其豆腐加工特性来明晰以上四种大豆种质在豆腐品质加工上的利用潜力.结果表明,大豆7S球蛋白亚基表现分别为:α'-亚基缺失,...     

大豆7S伴大豆球蛋白和11S球蛋白亚基分析

将大豆7S伴大豆球蛋白和11S球蛋白经粗提后用A-PAGE进行纯化,目的是为了简化分离步骤,提高蛋白纯度,并对其亚基进行SDS-PAGE分析。结果表明,提纯后的两种蛋白纯度均达到99%,在SDS-PAGE图谱中7S伴大豆球蛋白由三个亚基组成,其分子量分别为77 740 Da,72 123 Da和56 242 Da;11S球蛋白也由三个亚基组成,其分子量分别为40 459 Da,35 787 Da和17 505 Da。