浅议PM 2．5对城市园林景观发展的影响

指出了随着环境污染日趋严重，各城市地区PM 2．5不断攀升，对人类身心健康造成威胁，保护环境，减少PM 2．5势在必行。分析了国内外PM 2．5研究现状，主要从增加城市绿化覆盖率、建设城市绿色生态网络、优化植物配置、专项专治等方面探讨了如何防止大气污染，降低PM 2．5的办法。     

宜昌市城区典型灰霾日PM2．5污染特征研究

对2013年白龙岗站点自动监测数据和手工采集的 PM 2．5中水溶性阴离子进行了分析,结果表明：宜昌市城区灰霾发生频率较高,PM2．5为首要污染物,冬季灰霾天数和PM2．5月均值最高,夏季最低;在典型灰霾日,PM2．5、PM10、SO2和NO2具有相同的变化趋势,在污染物排放总量不改变的情况下,短暂降雨难以从本质上改变灰霾状态;NO3-和SO2-4是PM2．5中的主要水溶性离子,其灰霾日的质量浓度高于非灰霾日,工业区高于商业区;灰霾日NO3-/SO2-4的比值大于非灰霾日,机动车尾气对灰霾的形成影响较大。     

绿色北京（5人锣鼓快板）

合：锣鼓咚咚响连声 我们唱段儿锣鼓快板您来听 这两年，PM2．5引热议 它只有．头发丝的十分之一那么细     

保定市常见城市绿化树种对PM2.5滞纳能力的研究

为了探究绿化树种对改善城市污染的影响,选取保定市11种常见城市绿化树种,对其滞纳PM2.5能力进行了探讨。利用冠层分析仪(LAI-2000)、叶面积扫描仪和气溶胶再发生器(QRJZFSQ—I)测定各树种的叶面积指数、单位叶面积PM2.5滞纳量,并计算单位绿地面积PM2.5滞纳量,结果表明:叶面积指数、单位叶面积PM2.5滞纳量、单位绿地面积PM2.5滞纳量3个指标,都是针叶树大于阔叶树,说明针叶树对PM2.5的滞纳能力高于阔叶树;针叶树、阔叶树叶面积指数范围分别为2.172 1~3.026 3、0.873 8~2.120 5,单位叶面积PM2.5滞纳量范围分别为0.53~1.39mg/m~2、0.11~0.34mg/m~2,单位绿地面积PM2.5滞纳量范围分别为1.151 2~4.206 6mg/m~2、0.108 8~0.622 8mg/m~2。     

雾霾

对于寻找朝阳产业的投资机构来说,与清洁技术相关的领域正迅速变成新的亮点。雾霾笼罩下,PM2．5只是一个现象,它所涉及的广泛领域都面临着新的机遇。     

声音

当前，环境保护既处于任务繁重、压力空前的艰难时期，又处于有所作为、解决新老问题的关键时期。，要优先解决PM2．5、饮用水、土壤、重金属、化学品等损害群众健康的突出环境问题． ——环境保护部部长周生贤     

北京市道路绿地对PM2.5浓度分布与消减作用的影响

摘要：选择北京市典型道路绿地类型为试验监测点,对0,6,16,26,36iTI不同绿带宽度下PM2。浓度分布、消减能力及与气象因子的关系进行了研究。结果表明：道路绿地空气中P№。浓度的日变化均呈现双峰单谷型特征,即早晚高、白天低,最低值出现在午后14：00左右,最高值出现在晚高峰20：00左右;0,6,16,26,36m绿带宽度下PM25浓度平均值分别为46．64,44．35,42．91,40．96μg．m-3和41．97μg．m-3,以26m绿带宽度最低,0m最高;无污染或轻度污染（P№s〈115μg·m-3）天气条件下,绿地对PM2.5消减作用十分明显,26m的绿带处消减作用最强,最高可达28．0％;中度污染及以A（PM2.5〉115μg·m-3）天气条件下绿地对P№s消减作用不明显;PM2.5浓度与气象因子中的温度、风速成负相关关系,与相对湿度成正相关关系。     

两环绕多廊 三带绕九楔20万亩新增城市森林将环绕京城

2011年10月开始,持续的灰霾天气让PM2．5成为热点。改善北京的空气质量,植树造林是关键。北京市园林绿化局公布了北京平原地区20万亩造林工程的空间布局。根据规划,奥林匹克森林公园今年将启动北延工程,向北一直延伸到六环路。20万亩造林工程是北京今年治理PM2．5的八大措施之一。     

昂贵的空气

21世纪什么最贵？ 人才！ 2011年冬季什么最贵？ 空气！ 我们呼吸的空气从没有像今天这样糟糕过。公众对空气质量的关注也从没有像今天这样热烈过。郑渊洁在微博上“七问”环保部门．潘石屹贴出美国大使馆的监测数据……PM2．5这个生僻的专业术语瞬间变成网络热词。     

贵阳市冬季高层建筑环境空气中可吸入颗粒物的污染特征

指出了空气颗粒物污染不仅能使大气能见度降低,而且对人体健康造成危害。通过对贵阳市2个高层建筑可吸入颗粒物浓度的监测,对贵阳市冬季高层建筑可吸入颗粒物的污染水平和污染特征进行了研究。结果表明：城市高层建筑面临的颗粒物污染垂直分布是比较复杂的,较大颗粒的质量浓度底层要大于上层。对于同一个高层建筑,在不同楼层,PM2.5/PM10的比值变化幅度不大。大气中PM2.5和PM10没有明显的相关性,这主要和污染源分布以及天气条件有关。     

孝感市PM10污染现状研究

根据孝感市区空气质量检测资料,对孝感市PM10的污染水平、时空变化特征进行了分析评价。结果表明：2012年孝感市区PM10年平均浓度为0．106mg／m^3,略大于国家环境二级质量标准（O．1mg／m^3）,属轻度污染;受气候影响,PM10污染季节变化明显,夏季浓度低;在空间分布上PM10污染呈现区域性发展趋势。     

PM2．5监测数据质量主要影响因素和控制方法探讨

在总结空气质量PM2.5自动监测系统6年运行和管理经验的基础上,指出了当前空气自动监测子站PM2.5监测数据质量的主要影响因素分别是样品输送管路、采样流量测控、颗粒物截获质量检测与精密度控制等,提出了相应的控制方法,有效地减小了自动监测系统的误差,提高了PM2.5监测数据的准确度。     

广佛肇近十年空气污染指数研究

以2003年3月1日～2012年2月29日连续3288d的空气污染指数为基础。运用时间序列的统计学方法，探讨了广佛肇经济圈的空气污染问题，也为区域大气污染联防联治提供科学依据与数据支持。结果表明：3个城市冬季空气质量较差，夏季空气质量较好，近10年空气质量有变好的趋势。广州和佛山SO2污染主要集中在夏季，肇庆在春季和秋季的SO2污染天数相对较多。NO2污染最容易出现在冬季，广州已出现汽车尾气污染特征。广佛肇属于颗粒物污染主导型，表现出常年污染性特征，PM10季节性变化不大。佛山陶瓷工业是PM10浓度较高的主要影响因素，肇庆空气质量总体上较好。建议佛山重点加强燃煤的脱硫除尘，广州应控制汽车尾气排放．广佛肇经济圈应形成区域性大气污染联防联治机制。     

湖南主要经济林树种滞留PM2.5等颗粒污染物能力研究

以湖南省7种常见经济林树种为研究对象,研究其在单位叶面积上对空气中PM2.5等颗粒物的滞留量,为揭示湖南省主要经济林树种降低空气中PM2.5等颗粒污染物能力提供科学依据。结果表明:不同树种单位叶面积吸附PM2.5的量各不相同,主要受其叶表微结构、枝叶密集度、叶质地、叶面倾角等因素的影响。各树种单位叶面积吸附PM2.5量由大到小排序依次为板栗(0.144μg/cm~2)、柑橘(0.038μg/cm~2)、油茶(0.034μg/cm~2)、花椒(0.03μg/cm~2)、枣(0.029μg/cm~2)、杜仲(0.023μg/cm~2)、光皮树(0.019μg/cm~2)。各树种单位叶面积吸附TSP、PM1、PM10量大小排序规律基本相同。板栗单位叶面积吸附TSP、PM1、PM10量最大,分别达到1.088、0.04、0.47μg/cm~2,光皮树单位叶面积吸附的TSP、PM1、PM10量最小,分别为0.119、0.006、0.048μg/cm~2。就叶习性而言,单位叶面积吸附的TSP、PM1、PM10、PM2.5量表现为常绿树种大于落叶树种。     

浅述辽宁省PM2．5自动监测现状及防治措施

以辽宁省为例,简述了现阶段环境空气质量现状,并重点针对PM2.5监测中新标准实施和点位布设进行了阐述,提出了PM2.5防治的措施。     

Analysis of PM2.5 concentrations in Heilongjiang Province associated with forest cover and other factors

Atmospheric particulate matter(PM2.5) seriously influences air quality. It is considered one of the main environmental triggers for lung and heart diseases. Air pollutants can be adsorbed by forest. In this study we investigated the effect of forest cover on urban PM2.5 concentrations in 12 cities in Heilongjiang Province,China. The forest cover in each city was constant throughout the study period. The average daily concentration of PM2.5 in 12 cities was below 75 lg/m^3 during the non-heating period but exceeded this level during heating period. Furthermore, there were more moderate pollution days in six cities. This indicated that forests had the ability to reduce the concentration of PM2.5 but the main cause of air pollution was excessive human interference and artificial heating in winter. We classified the 12 cities according to the average PM2.5 concentrations. The relationship between PM2.5 concentrations and forest cover was obtained by integrating forest cover, land area,heated areas and number of vehicles in cities. Finally,considering the complexity of PM2.5 formation and based on the theory of random forestry, we selected six cities and analyzed their meteorological and air pollutant data. The main factors affecting PM2.5 concentrations were PM10,NO_2, CO and SO_2 in air pollutants while meteorological factors were secondary.     

Changes in freezing tolerance, plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity and fatty acid composition in Pinus resinosa needles during cold acclimation and de-acclimation

It has previously been suggested that plasma membrane ATPase (PM H+-ATPase, EC 3.6.1.3.) is a site of incipient freezing injury because activity increases following cold acclimation and there are published data indicating that activity of PM H+-ATPase is modulated by changes in lipids associated with the enzyme. To test and extend these findings in a tree species, we analyzed PM H+-ATPase activity and the fatty acid (FA) composition of glycerolipids in purified plasma membranes (PMs) prepared by the two-phase partition method from current-year needles of adult red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) trees. Freezing tolerance of the needles decreased from -56 degrees C in March to -9 degrees C in May, and increased from -15 degrees C in September to -148 degrees C in January. Specific activity of vanadate-sensitive PM H+-ATPase increased more than two-fold following cold acclimation, despite a concurrent increase in protein concentration. During de-acclimation, decreases in PM H+-ATPase activity and freezing tolerance were accompanied by decreases in the proportions of oleic (18:1) and linoleic (18:2) acids and increases in the proportions of palmitic (16:0) and linolenic (18:3) acids in total glycerolipids extracted from the plasma membrane fraction. This pattern of changes in PM H+-ATPase activity and the 18:1, 18:2 and 18:3 fatty acids was reversed during cold acclimation. In the PM fractions, changes in FA unsaturation, expressed as the double bond index (1 x 18:1 + 2 x 18:2 + 3 x 18:3), were closely correlated with changes in H+-ATPase specific activity (r2 = 0.995). Changes in freezing tolerance were well correlated with DBI (r2 = 0.877) and ATPase specific activity (r2 = 0.833) in the PM fraction. Total ATPase activity in microsomal fractions also closely followed changes in freezing tolerance (r2 = 0.969). We conclude that, as in herbaceous plants, simultaneous seasonal changes in PM H+-ATPase activity and fatty acid composition occur during cold acclimation and de-acclimation in an extremely winter hardy tree species under natural conditions, lending support to the hypothesis that FA-regulated PM H+-ATPase activity is involved in the cellular response underlying cold acclimation and de-acclimation.