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以香鱼正常肝胰腺为材料,构建cDNA文库。初始文库库容大于1.3×107cfu/ml,扩增文库的滴度大于1.1×106cfu/ml,平均插入片段约为1.0 kb。从文库中随机挑选297个cDNA克隆测序,得到232个功能已知EST序列,功能包括代谢、蛋白质合成、细胞与机体防御、信号转导以及细胞结构与运动等5个方面。随机测序获得香鱼弹性蛋白酶(Elastase,ELA)编码序列,cDNA序列全长957个核苷酸,3’-末端具有polyA尾,编码一个由268个氨基酸组成28.7 ku大小蛋白。序列分析表明,香鱼ELA的N端15个氨基酸为信号肽,成熟肽具有丝氨酸蛋白酶家族的典型结构特征。香鱼ELA与斜带石斑鱼、大西洋鳕和金头鲷的ELA氨基酸序列同源性最高,达76%~77%。系统进化树分析表明,香鱼ELA与其他鱼类ELA紧密成簇。RT-PCR检测显示,香鱼ELA基因mRNA在香鱼肝胰腺、脾、肠组织中均大量表达。 相似文献
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香鱼(Plecoglossus altivelis T etS(是经济鱼类中的名贵品种,以他独特的风味,被称之为“雁山五珍”之一而驰名中外。香鱼适温范围较广,食物链短、生长快、养殖周期短、资金周转快、适於淡水或咸淡水养殖,因而受到了流水养鱼、工厂化养鱼、山溪、水库、内陆湖泊增养殖业的重视。为了开发利用香鱼资源,我们对海产幼香鱼的采捕与运输进行了试验,现将1976年、1979年二年所获得的初步结果总结如下: 相似文献
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香鱼 (Plecoglossusaltivelies )属鲑形目香鱼科 ,肉质细腻 ,体色美 ,味清香。香鱼在日本的养殖、放流及游钓业十分发达 ,在我国其养殖前景亦十分乐观。在香鱼的育苗及养殖过程中 ,经常见到一些 (1% -2 % )鱼体出现异常的体型 ,如”V”型或倒”V”型 ,尾部上翘的现象。本文通过采集体型异常的养殖香鱼 ,描述其形态学特征 ,并探讨了致畸原因。1 材料和方法香鱼标本主要采自温州乐清的几个养殖基地 ,共 2 9尾 ,其中 2尾是正常鱼。 (见表 1)表 1 香鱼标本的基本特征来源养殖状况数量体长 (cm)体重 (g)平均范围方… 相似文献
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山东近海石鲽的同工酶分析 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术研究山东半岛南岸海阳近海石鲽同工酶的组织特异性及群体遗传结构。结果表明,石鲽的眼、鳃、肌肉、心脏、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏和鳍条共8种组织的17种同工酶表达有明显的组织特异性。对肝脏和肌肉两种组织的AAT、ADH、EST、GPI、G3PDH、IDHP、LAP、LDH、MDH、MPI、PGDH、PGM、SDH和SOD等14种同工酶进行了遗传学分析,共记录了21个基因座位,其中,GPI-2^*、JDHP-2^*、MDH-1^*、MPI-1^*、PGM-3^*、SDH^*共6个基因座位呈多态,其多态座位比例为0.2857(P0.99),平均观测杂合度和预期杂合度分别为0.0321和0.0283,平均有效等位基因数为1.3650,遗传偏离指数均大于零。石鲽和圆斑星鲽同工酶比较分析表明,二者在AAT^*、ADH^*、GPI-1^*、IDHP^*、LDH^*、MDH-1^*、MDH-2^*、MDH-3^*、MPI-1^*、PGM-1^*、PGM-2^*、SOD^*和SDH^*存在基因置换或近于基因置换,两种间的遗传距离为1.3117。 相似文献
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香鱼(Plecoglossusaltivelis)属鲑形目,香鱼科,香鱼属,现仅存一种。香鱼是一种小型的名贵经济鱼类,其肉质细嫩、味道鲜美,具有特殊的清香风味。在国内外市场上非常畅销,供不应求,在日本养鱼界被称为“淡水鱼之王”。在我国亦有养殖,但规模不大,所以香鱼是我国养殖业重点发展的养殖对象。但在养殖过程中由于管理不当,可能发生疾病,给养鱼业带来巨大损失。为此,本文就香鱼养殖过程中发生的疾病研究进展进行了综述。一、细菌性疾病1.嗜冷性黄杆菌病原体引起的尾柄病嗜冷黄杆菌(Flavobacteriumpsychrophilum)是细菌性冷水病… 相似文献
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香鱼(Plecoglossus altivelis)属鲑形目、香鱼科、香鱼属,是一年生的小型经济鱼类。香鱼体细长而侧扁,头小而吻尖。身体上部绿色,背缘黑色,两侧及腹部为白色,体长10-30cm,重50~100g,最大的可达500g左右。香鱼分布于我国北起辽宁,南至福建、台湾的入海河流中,朝鲜半岛和日本中、北部沿海也有分布。该鱼喜栖于岩石或沙砾底质,水质清澈的入海溪流中,是冷水性鱼类中较喜高温(10℃~27℃)的种类。香鱼有终生生活在湖泊中的陆封型和溯河的洄游型两种,属秋季产卵类型,绝大多数寿命为… 相似文献
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香鱼(Plecog lossus altivelis)属鲑形目、胡瓜亚目、香鱼科、香鱼属,为一年生小型经济鱼类,一般个体重100~150克,最大达250~300克。香鱼分洄游型和陆封型两个品系,前者分布于有入海口的河川中,后者分布于水库湖泊里。陆封型香鱼个体小,繁殖力差。成体香鱼呈纺缍型,背部灰黑色,体侧银白色,各鳍末端淡黄色,胸鳍上方有一黄色斑块。香鱼肉质细嫩,味道鲜美,其脊背上有一条满是香脂的腔道,具有浓厚的诱人香味,深受消费者青睐,素有“淡水鱼之王”美称,是近年新兴的人工养殖珍稀新品种。福建省古田县水产技术推广站于2000年3月… 相似文献
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饥饿和补偿生长对史氏鲟幼鱼摄食、生长和体成分的影响 总被引:18,自引:8,他引:18
报道了饥饿和再投喂对史氏鲟幼鱼摄食、生长以及生化组成的影响.22±2℃条件下,随着饥饿时间延长,幼鱼白肌的RNA/DNA比值不断减小,体重逐渐下降,后者与同期对照组之间存在极显著性差异(P<0.01).饥饿7d,鱼的肝糖原和肌糖原含量显著降低(P<0.05),但随着饥饿时间的延长,肝糖原和肌糖原含量则出现不同程度的回升;脂肪含量和蛋白质含量分别在饥饿14d和21d时下降幅度最大,提示史氏鲟幼鱼动用储存物质的顺序依次是糖原、脂肪和蛋白质.而饥饿过程中鱼体水分和灰分含量则有所上升.恢复投食后,饥饿幼鱼的摄食强度增大,生长加快,其中7d、14d饥饿组幼鱼的RNA/DNA比值达到或接近正常投喂组水平,但21d饥饿组的比值仍明显低于正常投喂组(P<0.05).恢复投食30d后,7d和14d饥饿组幼鱼体重接近对照组(P>0.05),21d饥饿组的终体重未能赶上对照组(P<0.05),这表明史氏鲟幼鱼的补偿生长随饥饿时间不同而异.试验结束时,各处理组鱼体生化组成与正常投喂组没有显著差异(P>0.05). 相似文献
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Gulf killifish (Fundulus grandis) were injected intraperitoneally with different bacterial concentrations and the LD50 were 1.4 × 104 at 96 h and 7.5 × 10 at 168 h. No deaths occurred among fish dipped in the bacterial suspension for different time periods or when the fish were exposed to a 50 parts per thousand hyperosmotic solution prior to dip. Fish became infected when they were injured prior to dipping in the bacterial suspension, but crowding and low oxygen concentration did not precipitate infection. No deaths occurred with oral administration of the bacteria. Bacterial count per gram of tissue was determined for both liver and spleen of infected fish at four, 24-h intervals. There was a significant difference (P > 0.12) between the bacterial counts at the different time periods. 相似文献
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Identification of growth‐related nucleotide polymorphism in cultured Pacific bluefin tuna,Thunnus orientalis
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Yasuo Agawa Toshio Kaga Shigekazu Katayama Tokihiko Okada Yoshifumi Sawada 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(7):3320-3328
Pacific bluefin tuna (PBF), Thunnus orientalis, is commercially one of the most important species of tuna. In this study, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) screening was conducted to find the growth‐related polymorphic DNA in cultured PBF. Fish hatched in 2007 were harvested at an age of 818–1994 days. They were categorized into superior, average and inferior growth groups, depending on their growth score at the time of harvest. On AFLP screening of 24 fish, with eight fish from each group, 215 polymorphic DNA fragments were observed. A second amplification, with EcoRI + ACC and MseI + CCC primers, generated a polymorphic fragment of 630 bp at a rate of 80.0% (n = 15) in the superior, 56.3% (n = 16) in the average and 20.0% (n = 15) in the inferior growth groups. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers, which could amplify both AFLP‐positive and AFLP‐negative loci, were developed using the consensus sequence outside the AFLP target fragment. Eleven haplotypes were obtained by sequence analysis of the PCR product at the AFLP target loci. Among those, haplotype 1 was statistically significant in the superior and average growth groups and could be used as a molecular marker for distinguishing the individuals with superior and average growth from those with inferior growth. 相似文献
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鲫血清转铁蛋白cDNA克隆及系统发育进化序列分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
鱼类血清转铁蛋白是鱼类血清中一种非血红素结合铁的β—球蛋白。从GenBank数据库查询发表的鱼类转铁蛋白cDNA或基因序列,根据铁离子结合及转运功能位点,设计并合成了两对引物P1、P4以及P2、P3,克隆出鲫血清转铁蛋白cDNA中的核心片段,长度为866bp。再根据克隆出的核心片段分别设计上游及下游两对引物P5、P6以及P7、P8,随后用RACE方法分别克隆出鲫血清转铁蛋白cDNA的5’端(787bp)和3’端(1081bp)以及全长cDNA,最后在计算机上排列出鲫血清转铁蛋白全长cDNA,长度为2444bp。比较了14种鱼血清转铁蛋白cDNA序列的同源性,其同源性在30%~80%之间,结果显示鲤科鱼类(鲫、银鲫、鲤及斑马鱼等)具有很近的亲缘关系;同时进行了系统发育进化分析,证实了鱼类血清转铁蛋白进化的保守性和氨基酸序列的高度同源性。 相似文献
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通过组织化学与形态学研究首次在草鱼的胸腺和头肾等淋巴器官中证实了肥大细胞的存在。草鱼肥大细胞的染色性质在某些方面似乎类似于哺乳动物的粘膜肥大细胞。Carnoy氏液及阿尔新蓝分别是优良的固定剂及染料,而中性缓冲甲醛却完全阻断草鱼肥大细胞的着染。值得注意的是一些曾被用于鉴定硬骨鱼肥大细胞(或嗜酸性颗粒细胞)的组织化学技术在本研究中未能检出草鱼肥大细胞。电镜下证实,草鱼肥大细胞中含有大量特征性的胞浆颗粒,其中充满无定形颗粒状基质,基质电子密度有的较高,有的较低,但未见特殊的亚微结构。 相似文献
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Upstream migration of amphidromous gobies of La Réunion Island: implication for management
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R. Lagarde N. Teichert G. Boussarie H. Grondin P. Valade 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2015,22(6):437-449
Diadromous species of tropical islands face numerous anthropogenic disturbances. Understanding how these disturbances affect the population dynamic of these species is important to develop ecologically based management measures. The upstream migration dynamics of two amphidromous gobies, Sicyopterus lagocephalus (Pallas) and Cotylopus acutipinnis (Guichenot), was described using intensive fishway monitoring (28 sampling dates over 1.5 years, 13 000 S. lagocephalus, 23 000 C. acutipinnis captured). Migration peak occurred for both species during the afternoon at the end of austral winter/beginning of austral summer. Abundance and size of fish caught in the river showed a marked impact of a dam (six sampling dates approximately 4000 individuals of each species captured). This study provides critical data for better management of fishways used by tropical amphidromous gobies. It appears especially important to reduce unwanted rheotactic sources that attract the fish away from the fishway's entrance. 相似文献
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用nested—PCR方法快速检测鲑鱼肾杆菌 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
描述了用嵌套式聚合酶链式反应(nested PCR)快速检测鲑鱼细菌性肾病病原鲑鱼肾杆菌的方法。以BKDR和BKDF为引物,扩增鲑肾杆菌编码57kDa主要可溶性蛋白基因中501bp的DNA片段,再用引物BKDR2和BKDF2扩增其中长度为314bp的DNA片段。用其它15种常见鱼类致病菌验证这两组引物的特异性,结果没有非特异性的DNA片段被扩增出来。用酚抽提法和煮沸加冻融的方法获得的细菌裂解产物,PCR检测的灵敏度均可达到1.8×103CFU·mL-1,用Nested PCR进一步扩增PCR扩增的产物,检测灵敏度可再提高100倍。检测鲑鱼肾杆菌菌悬液与鲟卵的混合物,结果表明,该方法能准确、可靠、快速地检测鲑肾杆菌。 相似文献
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动物从受精卵发育到具有不同性别特征的个体是一个奇妙而又严谨的过程,是人类长期以来试图揭示的自然现象。上世纪90年代初在人类Y染色体上发现了性别决定基因SRY[1],进而发现了一个新的Sox基因家族[2]。上述基因的发现,促进了以哺乳类为代表的动物性别决定和分化机制研究。由于鱼类在脊椎动物中的特殊进化地位、庞大的种类数量以及显著的社会经济价值,鱼类的性别决定研究一直受到遗传和发育学者的重视。尽管离最终阐明鱼类性别决定的机制还有距离,但近20多年来鱼类性别决定的遗传基础研究已取得不少重要进展。本文试图根据现有文献资料,… 相似文献
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Ákos Horváth György Hoitsy Balázs Kovács Dóra Kánainé Sipos Ágnes Ősz Klavdija Bogataj Béla Urbányi 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(1):5-11
Molecular markers (PCR–RFLP and microsatellite) were used to investigate the genetic background of the only brown trout (Salmo trutta m fario) broodstock in Hungary which due to the hydrogeography of the country should theoretically belong to the Danubian lineage. PCR–RFLP (mitochondrial DNA control region and lactate dehydrogenase and somatolactin genes) as well as microsatellite (BFRO002, OMM1064, Ssa408uos, SsoSL417, SsoSL438) markers were used to distinguish between Danubian and Atlantic lineages of brown trout in the Lillafüred broodstock. Altogether 435 fish were tagged during the experimental period. Due to mortalities, fin clips were collected from 401 individuals. According to the genetic analysis of the mitochondrial DNA, the Danubian haplotype is present in only one individual (0.2 %) of the broodstock. Analysis of the nuclear markers revealed that alleles characteristic of both the Atlantic and the Danubian lineages are found in the population. However, Atlantic alleles dominate throughout the broodstock which is in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium according to the investigated markers. Results indicate that the original broodstock that was introduced to the farm following its construction in 1933 was of the Atlantic lineage. Although later fish from a local stream were collected and added to the broodstock, the number of these was limited and they were almost exclusively males. Fish from this farm that are stocked by anglers can have a significant genetic impact on trout populations of natural streams. 相似文献
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分析不同叶片角和布置角下导鱼栅的导鱼效果,获取最优的导鱼栅布置方式,为下行过鱼设施设计提供理论依据及参考。以鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)幼鱼为研究对象,通过设置导鱼栅布置角度(15°、30°、45°)和叶片角度(15°、30°、45°、90°),在室内开展模型实验,分析鳙从导鱼旁路下行(引导成功)和从导鱼栅叶片间隙下行(引导失败)的通过率,确定最优运行工况。结果表明:在所有工况下,实验鱼均出现了顶流现象,但顶流率均小于50%;导鱼栅布置角和叶片角同为30°时,辅助鱼类下行的成功率最高,达95%;其他工况下,成功率均低于75%。导鱼栅附近的水力条件表明,流速沿着导鱼栅方向呈现波浪线上升,紊动能分布总体呈现先上升后下降的趋势,紊动能范围为0~0.0032 m2/s2。 相似文献