Cerumen in American Indians: genetic implications of sticky and dry types

Occurrence of sticky and dry cerumen was determined in 483 Indians from various tribes of the United States. The elevated frequencies of the allele for dry cerumen, found in Indians of pure ancestry, support the theory of the mongoloid origin of the American Indian. Potential application of cerumen quality as a marker for genetic and anthropological studies is discussed.     

Cerumen types in Choctaw Indians

Certinen from 432 Choctaw Indians from Mississippi was classified as sticky or dry. The frequency of the autosomal recessive dry type was intermediate between that for Indians of western North America and that for Mayan groups of southern Mexico.     

Albumin Naskapi: a new variant of serum albumin

An apparently new Variant of human serum albumin, albumin Naskapi, has been found in high frequency in the Naskapi Indians of Quebec and, in lower frequency,in other North American Indians.The family and population data of the albumin are consistent with its inheritance as a simple autosomal trait Controlled by a gene designated Al Naskapi. This gene is allelic with the gene Al(A) which controls the common albumin.Both homozygotes and heterozygotes have been distinguished. This is the first report of a homozygote for an albumin Variant.     

Hemoglobin patterns in American Indians

Two populations of North Carolina have been analyzed for hemoglobin patterns by paper electrophoresis. Of 534 Cherokee Indians, both mixed and full bloods, all showed normal hemoglobin. Lumbee Indians of less certain ethnic status had 1.7 percent of hemoglobin S, an equal amount of hemoglobin C, and one possible hemoglobin D trait among 1332 bloods studied.     

Fish fertilizer: a native north american practice?

The belief that the use of fish fertilizers originated among North American Indians, and was communicated as such by Squanto to the Plymouth settlers, has achieved the status of folklore and is therefore difficult to challenge. However, examination of the documentary evidence of Squanto's history and of native cultivation practices, and a cultural analysis of the implications of the use of fish fertilizer, have produced complementary lines of evidence. This evidence indicates that widely held beliefs about the "manner of the Indians" should be revised: Squanto's advice at Plymouth is probably best viewed as an interesting example of culture contact, one in which a native "culture-bearer" conveyed a technological idea from one group of Europeans to another.     

中药制剂“HD”对小鼠微核及精子畸形的影响

本试验用昆明种小白鼠对中药制剂“HD”进行微核试验和精子畸形试验。结果表明：小白鼠微核试验和精子畸形试验均呈阴性反应,中药制剂“HD”无致突变作用。     

中国水牛脊髓颈膨大部灰质结构的特征

本研究通过８头初生中国水牛脊髓灰质细胞构筑的观察，提出中国水牛脊髓颈膨大部灰质结构的特征，并确定中国水牛颈膨大部准确的位置在Ｃ５－Ｔ２，这与印度水牛及其他动物的情况有所不同，讨论了有关脊髓灰质结构特征与颈膨大位置之间的关系。     

Lack of abnormal hemoglobins in Alaskan Eskimos,Indians, and Aleuts

In an examination of the blood of 708 Eskimos, 200 Aleuts, and 44 Indians in Alaska for abnormal types of hemoglobin, only normal hemoglobin A was detected. It may be concluded that abnormal hemoglobins in these races are rare if they occur at all.     

P2 a反映人脑对构词结构的识别:来自E R P的证据

为考察汉语复合词的偏正式、述补式等构词结构信息在视觉识别过程中是否有专门的作用,以及人脑何时识别这些构词结构信息这一问题,采用事件相关电位(event-related potentials,ERP)技术、视觉启动词汇判断实验.探讨启动词-目标词词对的语义(相关/无关)、构词结构(相同/不同)关系,实验发现:①在反应时上表现出极显著的语义启动效应,与启动刺激词语义相关的目标刺激词反应时更短,却未发现显著的构词结构启动效应.②在ERP数据上,额区P2a(150～180ms)仅发现了显著的构词结构启动效应,与启动刺激词构词结构相同的目标刺激词诱发了一个更大波幅的P2a,N400(320～360ms)上仅发现了显著的语义启动效应,与启动刺激词语义无关的目标刺激词诱发了一个更负的N400;且在P2a及N400成分上均未发现显著的构词结构×语义效应.研究认为,在汉语复合词的视觉识别早期阶段存在一个独立于语义的、纯粹的构词结构加工,且P2a(150～180ms)可反映该过程.     

浅谈风水文化对中国传统建筑空间构成的影响

"风水文化"对于传统建筑空间的构成有着很强的指导作用,是具有五千年历史的民族传统文化,它集合了中国古代哲理、美学、建筑学、景观学、人体学于一体。风水文化通过结合建筑空间构成设计,使风水学说发挥其科学的价值,以更好的服务于人们的生活。     

突破农业产业结构调整的误区

农业产业结构调整一直是我国农业经济健康发展所面临的重大难题。本文就农业产业结构调整实践中应避免的主要误区及正确的调产途径进行了探讨 ,以实现农业产业结构的成功调整     

40株虫生真菌菌丝体提取物抗肿瘤活性的初步研究

以中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞株为模型,用Resazurin法检测生长抑制率,对40株虫生真菌菌丝体的提取物进行体外抗肿瘤活性试验.结果表明,黄山被毛孢Hirsutella huangshanensis菌株RCEF0851和RCEF0868菌丝体提取物对CHO细胞株的抑制活性最强,其乙酸乙酯和二氯甲烷混合溶剂提取物在100 μg·mL-1时对CHO细胞的抑制率分别为(98.58±1.12)%、(98.47±2.11)%;其甲醇提取物在100 μg·mL-1浓度时对CHO细胞的抑制率也分别达到(97.30±1.83)%和(96.28±1.96)%.复筛的结果表明,RCEF0851和RCEF0868菌丝体提取物对CHO细胞的半数抑制浓度IC50分别为29.24 μg·mL-1和28.87 μg·mL-1.另外,环链拟青霉Paecilomyces cateniannulatus菌株RCEF0508菌丝的乙酸乙酯和二氯甲烷混合溶剂提取物在100 μg·mL-1时对CHO细胞的抑制率也达(95.96±2.01)%,这些菌株值得进一步深入研究.     

Molar Size Sequences and Fossil Taxonomy

Although relative molar size has been considered a major taxonomic criterion, separating the Australopithecines and some erectus fossils from sapiens man, the Me > Ml, or " fossil" size sequence is found in 33 percent of Ohio whites and Pima Indians, yet is not necessarily the major sequence in the level and below ( 9; 10). Stanley M. Garn.     

Cannibalism. Molecule shows Anasazi ate their enemies

It's official: Scientists say they have definite proof that prehistoric Indians in the southwestern United States not only killed, butchered, and cooked, but actually ate other human beings. The evidence, reported in this week's issue of Nature, takes the form of a dried chunk of human excrement, or coprolite, containing a telltale human protein that could have gotten there only by being ingested.     

菠萝发展史考证与论略

菠萝是重要的四大热带水果之一(其他三种是香蕉、椰子、芒果)并排名第二,在世界水果市场占有重要的地位,深受各国消费者喜爱。菠萝也是我国主要的热带水果之一,受到我国人民的普遍欢迎。菠萝又是制作菠萝水果罐头的原料,菠萝罐头长期畅销。菠萝在当代又被制成果脯,颇受欢迎。对     

Winter dormancy in sea turtles: independent discovery and exploitation in the gulf of california by two local cultures

Documentation is reported for sea turtles overwintering on the sea bottom. Seri Indians have traditionally hunted nonmigrating dormant green turtles (Chelonia mydas) along the bottom of the Infiernillo Channel in the Gulf of California. Mexican fishermen independently discovered dormant turtles during winter 1972-1973, and with new hunting technologies are rapidly decimating these unusual stocks.     

杉木全同胞家系的遗传分析及重要树冠因子的筛选

通过对5年生杉木6×6全双列杂交(Griffing Ⅲ)试验林的调查与分析,研究杉木若干性状的遗传与变异规律,并筛选决定理想株型的重要树冠结构因子,为杂交育种和杉木理想株型无性系选育提供科学依据。运用转化分析法来处理不平衡试验数据,结合配合力分析法、相关分析法和通径分析法,研究杉木遗传变异、基因作用方式和重要树冠因子的选择。通过对杉木若干性状进行研究,获得了不同性状遗传变异大小。结果表明,杉木材积、枝下高和饱满度等性状具有中度遗传变性,树高、胸径具有窄的遗传变异性,同时杉木改良性状具有中度以上的遗传力,因此杉木生长形质性状宜采用连续多世代改良;在杉木生长、形质性状和树冠结构性状中,12个研究性状有8个重要性状的基因作用方式以非加性遗传基因效应为主,杉木高世代育种亲本是多世代与高强度选择的产物,杂合体居多,杉木的多性状、高世代遗传改良以杂交育种为主;生长、形质和树冠结构性状间具有明显的遗传相关性,通径分析揭示:决定杉木理想株型育种中重要树冠结构性状是冠形率和树冠表面积大小。由此可见:杉木多性状、多世代连续改良以杂交育种为主,杉木无性系理想株型选择时,应注重冠形率和树冠表面积的作用。     

几种果树茎的解剖学观察

通过对葡萄(Vitis vinifera)、核桃(Juglans ragia)、枫杨(Pterocaryastenoptera)、核桃楸(Juglans mandshurica)、薄壳山核桃(Carya illinoiensis)樱桃(Cerasus pseudocerasus)、桃(Amygdalus persica)、枣(Zizyphusjujuba)、苹果(Malus pureila)和梨(Pyrus bretschneideri)10种果树1a 生发育枝的解剖学观察,比较并描述了不同果树茎的结构特点,阐述了与其结构相应的生长发育特性及不同果树扦插、嫁接等无性繁殖难易程度所不同的解剖学原因。     

Eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) in the Gulf of California:

Discovery of Its Nutritional Value by the Seri Indians Zostera marina occurs in the northern Gulf of California. The grain of eelgrass is harvested in the spring and formed an important part of traditional Seri diet and culture. This is the only known case of a grain from the sea being used as a human food source. Eelgrass has considerable potential as a general food resource for mankind. Its cultivation would not require fresh water, pesticides, or artificial fertilizer.     

Human visual ecology and orientation anisotropies in acuity

The visual environment of Cree Indians from the east coast of James Bay, Quebec, is different from that of city-raised Euro-Canadians. So also are their corresponding orientation anisotropies in visual acuity. A Euro-Canadian sample exhibited the usual higher resolution for vertically and horizontally oriented gratings as compared with oblique orientations, while a Cree Indian sample did not. The most parsimonious explanation of these acuity differences is that orientation-specific detectors in humans are tuned by the early visual environment.