给母猪降温能提高仔猪的生长速度

位于荷兰Sterksel的养猪技术创新中心的研究正集中于开发增加猪场经济效益的方法.该中心于2005年11月发表了一项研究,其目标是通过让母猪圈保持凉爽以提高分娩母猪的采食量,最终使母猪和仔猪双双受益.     

Yoghurt for stronger suckling piglets and sows

窝内仔猪较多会给哺乳母猪带来很大的哺乳压力,还可影响仔猪的生长速度维持高水平的泌乳量需要采食大量的能量,面对一大窝仔猪,母猪不能分泌充足的乳汁满足仔猪发挥其生长潜力的要求(图1).较大的窝通常会产生许多瘦弱的仔猪,为这些弱小仔猪提供充足的营养以提高窝存活率、达到充足的断奶体重和断奶后的生长率都是巨大的挑战.要获得健康的母猪和仔猪,一个关键因素是保证仔猪在哺乳期间有较高的采食量.     

“仔猪饲喂”专栏(第一季)三:酸奶能让哺乳仔猪和母猪更加强壮

在出生后的哺乳仔猪饲喂酸奶,可提高其一生中前数周的采食量,产生较高的断奶体重和较快的生长速度。同时,母猪哺乳期的体重损失将减少,下一个妊娠期的增重将加大。     

ALA可改善母猪和仔猪体内铁的状况

<正>研究人员已证实,初生仔猪体内储备的铁满足不了其断奶后的营养需要。主要原因是母猪饲料中的铁养分通过胎盘转移给仔猪的效率太低。目前多种含铁化合物已经应用于妊娠和哺乳母猪,以期尝试增加母猪乳汁的铁含量,从而提高仔猪体内铁的水平。可是,这些方法大多达不到理想的效果。因此,为了防止仔猪出现缺铁,通过给出生后数天的     

以合理的纤维营养保证母猪和仔猪的生产性能

猪场母猪的窝产仔数增加,导致仔猪初生重较低和死亡率较高。分娩时间过长对母猪和仔猪的生产性能均会产生不利影响。营养可能是解决这些挑战的管理工具之一,并发挥着特殊的作用。在母猪日粮中添加可发酵纤维,可以在缩短分娩时间的前提下,调控其他生理活动。     

重新探讨仔猪的断奶日龄,优化猪场利润

正仔猪断奶日龄不仅决定猪场的猪舍需求,还对仔猪的饲料投入、健康状况及生长速度有重要影响。目前大多数养猪生产企业将其定为21日龄,但在当前的经济气候下,本文通过重新探讨发现这一决定并非能遂人所愿,而且母猪的最大生产力与最大利润并不一致,大型猪场想要实现利润最大化需要精确地计算断奶日龄。对养猪生产企业来说,最重要的管理决策之一是平均断奶日龄或母猪的平均哺乳期。这不仅会决定猪     

Actinobacillus equuli as a primary pathogen in breeding sows and piglets

The death of over 300 sows in 2 months on a 3000 sow farrow-to-isowean operation in Manitoba was attributed to infection with Actinobacillus equuli. This pathogen commonly infects foals, and is rarely reported in swine. Our report is the second recently published case of this pathogen in North American swine.     

海藻在母仔猪营养中的应用价值

海藻是生长在海中的藻类,由数以千计的小叶海藻和大叶海藻组成。海藻含有酚类化合物、海藻多酚、海藻多糖、类胡萝卜素、脂肪酸、多肽和萜烯等生物活性物质,是有价值的生物活性分子来源。海藻还具有抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎和免疫调节功能。在猪日粮中添加海藻可以增强其免疫系统功能,有效提高免疫球蛋白数量,改善肠道健康。有效促进调节细胞因子的产生,提升机体抗氧化能力。     

母仔猪精氨酸的生理代谢与营养作用

精氨酸又称蛋白氨基酸,传统上,精氨酸不被认为是母仔猪的必需氨基酸,但是现代品种的猪生长更快,瘦肉率更高,孕育的胎儿更多,因此,对精氨酸有更高的生理需求量。大量研究表明,日粮中添加0.5%至1%精氨酸可以改善母仔猪的生产性能和繁殖性能。文章综合论述了母仔猪精氨酸的生理代谢和营养作用。     

Effect of dietary L-carnitine supplementation on growth performance of piglets from control sows or sows treated with L-carnitine during pregnancy and lactation

Previous studies showed that supplementation of sows' diets with L-carnitine increases body weights of their piglets at birth. This study was performed to investigate whether piglets of sows treated with L-carnitine differ in their growth potential from that of piglets of untreated control sows after weaning. It was also investigated whether supplementation of piglets' diets with L-carnitine improves their growth after weaning. In two trials, piglets of the first litters of primiparous sows (trial 1) and the second litters of the same sows (trial 2) were divided into four groups: group 1, piglets of control sows, fed a control diet; group 2, piglets of control sows fed a diet supplemented with 30 mg L-carnitine/kg; group 3, piglets of L-carnitine-treated sows, fed a control diet; group 4, piglets of L-carnitine-treated sows fed a diet supplemented with 30 mg L-carnitine/kg. Mean initial body weights of the piglets of the four groups were identical. They were 8.5 kg in trial 1 and 12.5 kg in trial 2. Diets were fed ad libitum over a period of 35 days. Piglets from sows treated with L-carnitine did not differ in body weight gains, feed intake and gain : feed ratio from those of control sows. In trial 1, piglets supplemented with L-carnitine had higher body weight gains (p < 0.005) and showed a tendency towards a higher gain : feed ratio (p = 0.09) than piglets fed the control diets. In trial 2, no significant difference in these parameters emerged between piglets fed the diet supplemented with L-carnitine and those fed the control diet. In conclusion, this study shows that dietary L-carnitine treatment of sows does not improve the growth potential of their piglets after weaning under the conditions of equal initial body weights. The study also shows that L-carnitine supplementation of their diets improves the growth performance in light piglets of primiparous sows.     

Effects of magnesium on the performance of sows and their piglets

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplemental magnesium (Mg) on the performance of gilts and parity 3 sows and their piglets. Fifty-six gilts (Trial 1) and 56 sows (Trial 2) were assigned to one of 4 treatments according to their mating weight, respectively. The treatments comprised corn-soybean meal based gestation and lactation diets (0.21% magnesium) supplemented with 0, 0.015, 0.03, or 0.045% Mg from mating until weaning. The results showed that magnesium supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the weaning to estrus interval in both gilts and sows. There were significant effects (P < 0.05) of supplemental magnesium on the total number of piglets born, born alive and weaned in sows. In late gestation and lactation, the digestibility of crude fiber (quadratic effects, P < 0.05), and crude protein (P < 0.05), were significantly influenced by magnesium in gilts and sows, respectively. There were differences among the 4 groups in terms of the apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude fiber in sows (P < 0.05) during both early and late gestation. The apparent digestibility of gross energy was increased for sows in late gestation (P < 0.05), and lactation (quadratic effects, P < 0.05). At farrowing and weaning, serum prolactin levels and alkaline phosphate activities linearly increased in sows as the Mg supplementation increased (P < 0.05). Serum Mg of sows at farrowing and serum urea nitrogen of sows at weaning was significantly influenced by Mg supplementation (P < 0.05). The Mg concentration in sow colostrum and the serum of their piglets were increased by supplemental magnesium (P < 0.05). In addition, growth hormone levels were linearly elevated (P < 0.05) in the serum of piglets suckling sows. Our data demonstrated that supplemental magnesium has the potential to improve the reproduction performance of sows, and the suitable supplemental dose ranged from 0.015% to 0.03%.     

Effects of prepartum administration of 1,3-butanediol to sows on growth and survival of neonatal pigs

In six trials, 158 late-term gravid sows were fed isocaloric amounts (8,500 kcal metabolizable energy/d) of a corn-soybean meal-based diet in which 20% of their daily metabolizable energy (ME) intake was supplied by either cornstarch or 1,3-butanediol (butanediol) from about d 105 of gestation to parturition. After parturition, all sows were allowed to consume a standard, corn-soybean meal-based lactation diet, ad libitum, during a 28-d lactation. Prepartum administration of butanediol, a stable, nonvolatile liquid that possesses anesthetic, antimicrobial and ketogenic properties, did not alter the voluntary feed intake or body weight changes of sows pre- or post-partum. Number of pigs born per litter, average pig birth weight and incidence of stillbirths were not influenced by the prepartum diet of the sows. However, the addition of butanediol to the prepartum diet increased (P less than .10) the number of pigs weaned per litter at 28 d by .51 pigs (8.17 vs 7.66) and improved (P less than .10) the survival rate of pigs from birth to weaning by 5.7 percentage units (84.1 vs 78.4%) compared with those of sows fed isocaloric additions of starch. Average pig weights at 28 d of age were similar for the two treatment groups (6.18 vs 6.08 kg) even though greater numbers of pigs were nursing sows fed the butanediol diet prepartum. The rate and efficiency of gain and survivability of weanling pigs during a 28-d postweaning period were not influenced by the prepartum diet of their dam.