Immune response of chicks to oral vaccination with combined extra- and intracellular fowl pox viruses

Summary The immune response of chicks to oral vaccination with HP₁-strain of fowl pox virus was studied using intracellular virus alone or a combination of intra and extracellular viruses. The first and second vaccinations were done at four days and 25 days of age, respectively. In both groups the birds showed 50% protection against challenge virus at 32 days of age while no immunity was recorded at 95 days of age. The serum IgG concentration in both the vaccinated groups was comparable and it was significantly higher (P < 0·05) than the control birds one week after revaccination. The serum haemolytic complement activity in both the vaccinated groups was significantly lower (P < 0·05) than the control birds.

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Respuesta Inmune De Pollos A La Vacunacion Oral Con Virus De Viruela Aviar Combinado Extra E Intracelular

Resumen Se estudió la respuesta inmune de pollos a la vacunación oral con la cepa HP₁ de virus de viruela aviar, utilizando virus intracelular únicamente o una combinación de virus intra y extracelular. La primera y segunda vacunación fueron hechas a los 4 y 25 días de edad, respectivamente. En ambos grupos las avec mostraron 50% de protección contra la descarga viral a los 32 días de edad, mientras que no se detectó inmunidad a los 95 días de edad. La concentración sérica de I g G en ambos grupos vacunados fue comparable y fue significativemente más alta (P < 0·05) que en el grupo de aves control, una semana después de la revacunación. La actividad sérica hemolitica del complemento en ambos grupos vacunados, fue significativamente más bajo (P < 0·05) que en el grupo de aves control.

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Reponse Immunitaire Du Poulet A La Vaccination Orale Avec Des Virus Combines Extra Et Intracellulaires De La Variole Aviaire

Résumé Les auteurs ont étudié la réponse immunitaire du poulet à la vaccination orale avec la souche HP1 du virus de la variole aviare, en utilisant soit le virus intracellulaire seul, soit une combinaison de virus intra et extracellulaires. La première et la deuxième vaccination ont été effectuées sur des sujects agés respectivement de 4 jours et 25 jours. Dans les deux groupes, les volailles ont montré une protection à 50 p. 100 contre le virus d'épreuve à l'âge de 32 jours, alors qu'aucune immunité n'était signalée à 95 jours. La concentration en immunoglobuline G dans les deux groupes vaccinés était comparable et significativement supérieure (P < 0,05) à celles des animaux témoins une semaine après la revaccination. L'activité du complément sérique hémolytique dans les deux lots vaccinés était significativement plus basse (P < 0,05) que celle du lot témoin.

     

Serological response of chickens to oral vaccination with Newcastle disease virus

Conventional Newcastle disease vaccines are not suitable for application to village chickens in tropical countries of Asia. Trials with food-based vaccines are being initiated and the following experiments were performed to evaluate oral vaccination with Newcastle disease virus. Experimental chickens were vaccinated orally with the avirulent V4 strain of Newcastle disease virus and haemagglutination-inhibition antibody responses were measured. V4 virus was introduced into the crop by tube and total faecal output was collected daily and assayed for Newcastle disease virus. Virus was recovered on Days 5 and 6 after vaccination from most chickens that had received 10(7.4) and 10(6.4) 50% egg-infectious doses (EID50) of virus. There was no recovery of virus from birds receiving a lower dose of vaccine. Groups of chickens kept in cages with wire floors were given various doses of vaccine into the crop. Higher antibody titres were achieved with higher doses of virus. This dose responsiveness was not observed when various doses of vaccine were presented on food pellets and the groups of chickens were kept on concrete floors. Similar antibody responses were then seen with nominal doses of 10(5.2) and 10(8.2) EID50 per bird, possibly as a result of excretion and re-ingestion of the vaccine virus. Spread of the vaccine virus was demonstrated when control chickens and chickens receiving 10(7.7) EID50 of V4 virus on food pellets were housed together on a concrete floor. Similar antibody titres were achieved in both vaccinated and in-contact chickens.     

雏鸡新城疫免疫程序的实验观察

鸡新城疫 (ND)的预防 ,目前广泛应用弱毒苗免疫 ,但其免疫效果往往受雏鸡母源抗体影响 [1] ,雏鸡首免日龄过早 ,往往因母源抗体水平过高而影响免疫效果 ,若雏鸡首免日龄过迟 ,严重污染场可能已发病 ,加上母源抗体参差不齐 ,给制订免疫程序带来了不少困难 ;而灭能苗具有安全、无毒力、不受母源抗体影响[2 ] 。为了探索雏鸡免疫程序 ,寻找能够抵抗早期 ND强毒攻击且不受母源抗体干扰的免疫程序 ,我们进行了试验观察 ,报告如下。1　材料与方法1 .1　试验鸡　江村黄鸡 ,购自杭州××鸡场 ;来航鸡 ,本组非免疫鸡群产蛋孵化后隔离饲养。1 .2　 N…