饲用酶制剂在对虾饵料中的应用研究

微生物酶是一种新的添加剂。将酶应用于对虾饵料，在理论研究和实际应用上都刚刚开始。进行了加酶饵料饲喂对虾的生长试验和大水面养虾生产试验。结果：在对虾饵料中添加１‰的酶制剂，对虾个体增重率提高１２．１３％，单产提高１３．８７％，饵料系数降低１２．０２％。     

印度尼西亚的对虾饵料业

<正> 印度尼西亚是对虾饵料的主要消费国,据美国大豆联合公司1989年预测,其饵料消费量在10万吨左右,其中70％为进口饵料。这些饵料主要来源于10个国内饵料公司及19个外国饵料公司(主要是台湾、也有中国及德国饵料公司),因多数是用于精养的高质饵料,所以价格相当昂贵。为适应对虾生长过程中对营养物质需求的变化,大部分厂商都可提供2～3种不同饵料:前期饵料(蛋白质     

长毛对虾配合饵料试验研究

<正> 各种不同品种的对虾,由于分布的地理位置、栖息环境条件及生物饵料品种构成的不同,形成了它们对饵料中主要营养成份要求的不同。作为对虾饵料中主要组成成份的蛋白质各种对虾要求上存在着差异。过去,人们对日本对虾、斑节对虾、墨吉对虾、龙虾及中国对虾等饵料中各种主要营养成份研究得     

对虾湿性颗粒饵料的研究

本文报道了对虾湿性颗粒饵料的配方、生产工艺及养殖效果。湿性颗粒饵料在适口性、引诱性、摄食率、蛋白的消化吸收率等方面都比干性颗粒饵料有所提高。摄食率提高5～15%,对蛋白质的消化吸收率提高10%以上,亩产增加10～20kg,饵料系数平均为1.9,下降0.10～0.23。虾个体平均体长增加0.6～1.0cm,亩经济效益增加285～538元。最后对研究结果进行了分析讨论。     

浅论对虾人工配合饵料

本文介绍了对虾人工配合饵料的发展概况,论述了对虾对各种营养成分的需求并简介了对虾配合饵料的添加剂和粘合剂。     

对虾饵料水中稳定性及其测定方法

对虾饵料的水中稳定性,是衡量对虾饵料质量的一个重要指标,它直接关系到对虾的喂养效果,在一定程度上关系到饵料的饲料系数,甚至关系到对虾的正常生存。对虾饵料的水中稳定性差,会增加饵料的需要量,影响养殖对虾的效益以及养殖水质的污染,使养殖水域富营养化,造成水质污染。几年来,     

SLR型对虾饵料机的设计,计算与结构特点

本文介绍的这种对虾饵料机,在原料混合部分,采用了不连续有规律的斜桨式叶片输送原料,有利于搅拌;为防止原料向一端集中,还设计了两端斜向相反,且以出料口为中心逐渐变位的搅拌体。在原料的搅碎上,采取了定齿与动齿交错的办法,达到将结团结块原料或杂鱼虾全部挤碎的目的。在颗粒成型部分,采用双螺杆结构,提高了螺杆的挤压效率,模孔通过性能好。该机作为加工含水率较高的和混合小杂鱼原料的对虾饵料加工,是一种良好的小型机型。     

用生物饲料和代用饵料培育中国对虾幼体的效果比较

用两只容积为8吨的实验水槽,分别培养400万尾中国对虾无节幼体,其中1号水槽投喂豆浆、蛋黄代用饵料,2号水槽投喂三角褐指藻、褶皱臂尾轮虫和卤虫,至仔虾幼体X期(P_(10))进行计数。前者变态成活率为23.4%,后者变态成活率为65.7%;且个体体长亦为后者大于前者,表明用生物饵料优于代用饵料。     

饲用酸制剂在对虾饵料中的应用研究

微生物酶是一种新的添加剂。将酶应用于对虾饵料，在理论研究和实际应用上都刚刚开始。进行了加酶饵料饲喂对虾的生长试验和大水面养虾生产试验，结果：在对虾饵料中添加１‰的酶制剂，对虾个体增重率提高１２．１３％，单产提高１３．８７％，饵料系数降低１２．０２％。     

谷氨酸生产菌菌体蛋白在对虾饲料中的应用

在对虾配合饲料中用菌体蛋白取代动物蛋白（5%、10%、15%），通过20d的饲养试验显示，对虾生长与菌体蛋白使用量呈正相关。     

中华鳖日本品系对6种饲料蛋白原料表观消化率的研究

研究了中华鳖日本品系(Pelodiscus sinensis,Japanese strain)幼鳖对蝇蛆蛋白粉、虾壳粉、发酵豆粕、豌豆浓缩蛋白、大豆浓缩蛋白以及玉米蛋白粉的干物质、粗蛋白质、氨基酸、粗脂肪和总能的表观消化率。试验饲料由70%基础饲料和30%待测饲料原料组成,并以0.5%的三氧化二铬(Cr2O3)为外源指示剂。选取平均体重为(14.69±0.55)g的中华鳖日本品系幼鳖180只,随机分成6组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只,投喂试验饲料养殖4周,采用虹吸法收集粪便进行表观消化率测定。结果表明,6组饲料的干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪以及总能表观消化率范围为77.8%~85.6%、73.2%~83.7%、81.2%~91.1%和78.8%~85.6%,其中蝇蛆蛋白粉和发酵豆粕的干物质表观消化率较高,大豆浓缩蛋白的粗蛋白、粗脂肪及总能表观消化率较高;各原料总氨基酸表观消化率在75.8%~86.1%,最高值和最低值分别出现在大豆浓缩蛋白和虾壳粉。     

Feed Formulation Using Linear Programming for Fry of Catfish,Milkfish, Tilapia,Asian Sea Bass,and Grouper in India

Nutritional profiles of 25 feed ingredients available in India were selected and compiled. Their costs were ascertained from Cochin (SW), Tuticorin (SE), and Bhubaneswar (NW), where fish/shrimp farming is traditionally practiced. Least-cost feed formulations (using the linprog toolbox in Matlab software) were attempted for catfish, milkfish, tilapia, and grouper fry specifying levels of four critical limits: Ca/P ratio, digestible energy (DE), 10 amino acid levels (where data was available), and 10 ingredients, totaling 26 constraining limits to the model. Feeds formulated for catfish fry cost US$0.066 kg^?1 at Bhubaneswar, US$0.117 kg^?1 at Tuticorin, and US$0.153 kg^?1 at Cochin, with poultry by-product meal and hydrolyzed feather meal as the major ingredients; limiting amino acids in these feeds were methionine and phenylalanine. Feeds formulated for milkfish fry cost US$0.110 kg^?1 at Cochin, US$0.108 kg^?1 at Tuticorin, and US$0.072 kg^?1 at Bhubaneswar; the limiting amino acids in this case were histidine and threonine. The cost of feeds for tilapia fry was US$0.207 kg^?1 at Cochin, US$0.369 kg^?1 at Tuticorin, and US$ 0.114 kg^?1 at Bhubaneswar; the limiting amino acid was methionine. Feed formulae for fry of Asian sea bass had an LP solution containing only five ingredients for all three places. The feed formula was the same for Cochin and Bhubaneswar market prices, and the total cost of ingredients was US$0.274 kg^?1 and US$0.142 kg^?1, respectively. At Tuticorin market prices, the feed formula cost was US$0.397 kg^?1. The feed formulae for grouper fry at Bhubaneswar and Tuticorin market prices had the same three ingredients costing US$0.114 kg^?1 and US$0.321 kg^?1, respectively, whereas feed formula for Cochin market price consisted of four ingredients costing US$0.280 kg^?1.     

The combined effect of feed frequency and ration size of diets with and without microbial biomass on the growth and feed conversion of juvenile Penaeus monodon

Feed management strategies that maximize shrimp growth and optimize feed utilization are critical to the cost‐effectiveness of production. In this study, juvenile Penaeus monodon (~3 g) were cultured for 6 weeks in a laboratory‐based clear‐water tank system. The experiment design was a three‐way factorial with two diets (Diet A – standard industry formulation or Diet B – the same diet with 10% microbial biomass), two feed frequencies (twice or six times daily) and three rations (60%, 80% and 100% of satiation). The results demonstrated clear growth benefits of feeding more than two times per day and feed efficiency benefits of a restricted ration. There was also a significant interaction between frequency and ration, which demonstrated that growth improved using six feeds compared with two feeds as ration amount decreased. The effects of frequency and ration were consistent for both diets; however, the addition of a microbial biomass provided significant growth improvements across all treatments. These outcomes define the gains produced by the combined effect of frequency and ration and suggest a compromise between feed utilization and feeding effort for adoption in feed management strategies.     

使用颗粒饵料养殖鲈鱼试验

本文报道了颗粒饵料养殖鲈鱼的效果。结果表明；使用颗粒产与使用鱼浆比较，鲈鱼增重率提高２．７０％，饵料系数降低２７．６％。     

Effect of glycine betaine, a feed attractant affecting growth and feed conversion of juvenile freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii

A feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the feeding attractant, glycine betaine (betaine hydrochloride) on the growth and feed conversion of juveniles of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (deMan) (mean initial weight 1.12 g). Three types of diets were prepared with the incorporation of glycine betaine at 5, 10 and 15 g kg^?1 levels along with an unsupplemented control. After 60 days, weight gain, feed intake and food conversion ratio (FCR) were higher in prawn fed the three glycine betaine‐added diets compared with the control feed. Among the glycine betaine‐added diets, prawn fed glycine betaine at 5 g kg^?1 level showed highest weight gain (2.73 g) by registering 61.5% increase in growth over control and also higher feed intake (5.79 g) and good FCR (2.12). There were highly significant differences (P < 0.01) in weight gain, feed intake, per day growth and FCR among treatments. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in survival among treatments.     

鲍的营养需求与饲料

综述了鲍对蛋白质、脂类、糖类、维生素和矿物质等营养物质的需要,并就鲍配合饲料的研制开发进行了介绍, 对鲍的养殖及饲料生产具有指导意义。     

挤压蒸煮技术在水产饲料业的应用

我国饲料工业是一个新兴的产业,起步于20世纪70年代中后期,首先是畜禽饲料业的发展,直到80年代初水产饲料工业才开始启动。我国饲料工业生产的配合饲料产量呈直线上升,产值位居我国国民经济41个主要行业中的第20位,成为国民经济的基础产业之一[1~3]。20世纪80年代以来,我国的水产饲料工业发展很快,对我国水产养殖业的高产、稳产起了重要作用。但随着养殖规模的不断扩大以及养殖品种的多样化发展趋势,对水产饲料的要求也越来越高,传统加工方法生产的配合饲料已难以适应现代水产养殖业发展的需要,而应用挤压蒸煮技术生产的颗粒膨化饲料能较好…     

红鳍东方鲀开口饵料筛选试验

本文选择水产育苗常用的幼体开口饵料──小球藻、轮虫、卤虫幼体、蛋黄对初孵红鳍东方进行开口饵料筛选试验。结果表明：用小球藻和轮虫混合投喂效果最好,其余依次为轮虫、卤虫幼体、蛋黄。