4种寄主对光肩星天牛成虫体重、寿命、产卵量和孵化率的影响研究

为了解光肩星天牛成虫在不同寄主上的生物学特性,以制定科学的生态调控措施。研究了复叶槭、漳河柳、新疆杨和白蜡对其成虫体重、寿命、产卵及孵化率的影响。结果表明：寄主植物对雌成虫体重有一定影响,对成虫体重影响不大;在复叶槭上取食的天牛成虫寿命最长（雌：40.5天;雄32.2天）、产卵量最大（46.6粒）;在复叶槭和漳河柳上取食的天牛成虫寿命和产卵量明显高于新疆杨和白蜡(P<0.05),在白蜡上寿命最短（雌：14.4天;雄11.4天）,产卵量最低（8.9粒）;说明寄主植物对成虫寿命和产卵量有明显影响;4种寄主植物之间卵的孵化率差异不显著(P>0.05),说明寄主植物对孵化率影响不大。综合比较4种植物,复叶槭和漳河柳是光肩星天牛最适应寄主,新疆杨和白蜡是普通寄主。     

负氧离子对蚕繁殖力的影响

采用AS系列负氧离子(O-2)发生器,使蓖麻蚕、家蚕1～5龄生活在空气富含O-2(浓度＞5×104N/cm2)的蚕室中,按蛹、蛾、卵、蚁蚕、蚕系列生殖发育顺序,系统地研究了负氧离子对它的影响与作用.结果表明处理组比对照组出蛾齐一,羽化率增高,产卵速度加快,总产卵量增多,良卵率加大,不受精卵率减少,胚子发育整齐,孵化齐一,孵化率增高,并在一定程度上能增进次代蚕的强健度.另外,幼虫期和卵期环境中都补充O-2,可使实用孵化率极显著地高于对照11.38个百分点(家蚕)和9.08个百分点(蓖麻蚕),而只在卵期补充负氧离子,也可有效地促进胚子发育与孵化齐一,获得与整个蚕期补充O-2相近效果.     

石河子白星花金龟发生为害调查研究

白星花金龟Postosia brevitarsis Lewis近年来对石河子市区农林作物为害严重,调查了白星花金龟在石河子发生、为害情况。研究结果表明：（1）石河子市区白星花金龟从5月初开始出土为害,6月中旬为盛期。5月25日至6月23日诱集的白星花金龟占总诱集量的59.2%;6月27日至7月29日诱集的白星花金龟占总诱集量的24.0%;两者相加占总诱集量的83.2%。（2）5种配方糖醋液（配方1糖:醋:水:酒=3:1.5:5:1;配方2：糖:醋:水:酒=3:6:9:1;配方3：糖:醋:水:酒=4:3:2:1;配方4：糖:醋:水:酒=3:4:2:1;配方5：糖:醋:水:酒=1:4:16:1）对白星花金龟的诱集作用从高到低依次为：配方3＞配方1＞配方5＞配方4＞配方2。（3）室内饲养白星花金龟成虫寿命可达近9个月。平均单雌累计产卵量为35~72粒。室内（25℃）卵孵化率100%,卵期7天左右。（4）白星花金龟在石河子地区目前主要分布在石河子市、郊区及周边较近的农牧团场,其它农牧团场尚未发现。石河子地区10多种主要农、果、林植物都发现有白星花金龟为害,其中玉米、向日葵、葡萄受害较重。     

冷冻干燥速溶蛋花汤的加工技术

介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。     

Measuring of Quantity of Matter-mass and the Measuring of Inertia of Matter-momentclm

A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed.     

香蕉遗传转化方法研究进展

香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。     

The Simulation of Comfort of Nine DOF of Automobile

Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value.     

Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower

Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha⁻¹, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha⁻¹, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha⁻¹ for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment.     

Establishment of High-frequency Regeneration System of Explants of Alfalfa

The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa.     

影响核桃贮藏品质因素的分析

介绍了几种核桃贮藏方法,综述了影响核桃贮藏品质的几个主要因素,以及针对上述影响因素提出若干解决对策.     

南瓜降糖功能及其系列食品加工技术

阐述了南瓜在糖尿病辅助治疗方面的功能特性,介绍了南瓜降糖主要制品南瓜全粉、南瓜脆片、南瓜果酱和南瓜肉汁的工艺流程和操作要点。     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。     

酸枣幼根原生质体的制备

以生长6～9 d的酸枣种子幼根为试验材料,0.7 mol·L-1甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂、pH值5.5～6.0、28℃恒温水浴条件下,以光学显微镜观察的水解总时间、初始产生原生质体的时间、原生质体产量及细胞碎片量为指标,研究通过酶水解来制备酸枣幼根原生质体的方法.结果表明,在含1％果胶酶+4％纤维素酶R-10+3％纤维素...