砷对雏鸡红细胞免疫功能及血液免疫球蛋白的影响

试验将40只7日龄雏鸡分为3组,分别每日经口灌服不同浓度砷溶液和生理盐水,分别于8、10、14、17日龄测定血液红细胞免疫功能及血清中免疫球蛋白含量.结果显示,不同浓度的砷溶液均可以导致雏鸡RBC-C3bR花环率先升高(P＞0.05)再降低(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),RBC-IC花环率先降低(P＞0.05)再升高(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),血液中免疫球蛋白含量也是先微升高(P＞0.05)再降低(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),且呈时间剂量效应.表明砷可影响雏鸡红细胞免疫功能及血清中免疫球蛋白的含量,降低雏鸡血液的免疫功能.     

Cryopreservation of Hen Red Blood Cells

The cryoprotection of hen erythrocytes, used as reagent in virus titration, was investigated. The cryoprotective agents tested were neutralized polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and glycerol. Good results were obtained with PVP, especially with PVP K15 (average molecular weight 10 000), and with DMSO, especially when used in a final concentration of 10 %, whereas glycerol was unfit for use in the concentrations tested. The red cell concentration, the suspending buffer before freezing and the washing procedure after thawing were of importance. The cells could be frozen and stored for at least three months without any significant effect on the virus titer.     

日本大耳白兔红细胞调控淋巴细胞和NK细胞活性研究

应用红细胞促淋巴细胞转化和促NK细胞活性试验,对不同生理发育时期日本大耳白兔红细胞调控淋巴细胞和NK细胞活性进行研究。结果表明：青年组日本大耳白兔红细胞调控淋巴细胞能力明显高于幼年兔和老年兔（P〈0．01）;老年组红细胞调控NK活性能力明显高于青年组和幼年组（P〈0．01）,青年组高于幼年组（P〈0．01）。日本大耳白兔红细胞调控淋巴细胞能力在青年时期达到了高峰．随后逐渐降低：而红细胞调控NK活性随年龄增长而显著增强,这提示老年兔的免疫活性细胞较多地处于预激活状态,并对刺激显示良好的免疫应答能力。     

猪红细胞的体外双修饰及异源输血试验

为探讨表面抗原修饰后猪红细胞异源输血的可行性,采用α-半乳糖苷酶和单甲氧基聚乙二醇琥珀酰亚胺碳酸酯(mPEG-SC)对猪红细胞进行双修饰后,体外检测红细胞的渗透脆性,并进行配血试验和犬输血试验。观察输血前后犬的各项临床指标变化,并对其进行血常规和尿常规的连续检测分析。结果表明,修饰红细胞渗透脆性降低,体外配血未出现凝集反应。输血后亦未引起明显的临床异常反应,血常规及尿常规正常。说明猪红细胞体外双修饰后进行首次异源输血具有可行性,可作为动物通用血源用于临床。     

黄芪多糖对红细胞调控T淋巴细胞增殖的影响

选择小鼠脾脏和外周血T淋巴细胞作为研究对象,通过体外试验探讨黄芪多糖的免疫调节作用。用不同剂量的黄芪多糖作用于红细胞和T淋巴细胞共同培养体系,48h后,应用MTT比色法检测细胞的增殖活性,研究黄芪多糖对红细胞免疫调控功能的影响。结果表明,小鼠红细胞、植物血凝素(PHA),单独作用对T淋巴细胞的增殖均有显著的促进作用,且红细胞对PHA激活的T淋巴细胞的增殖也有促进作用,但是二者没有明显的协同促进作用;黄芪多糖不能促进体外培养T淋巴细胞增殖,甚至还抑制PHA诱导的T淋巴细胞的增殖活性;但黄芪多糖可以协助红细胞对淋巴细胞的免疫调控功能,双方共同作用,引起淋巴细胞数目的增加和增强增殖功能。     

The Effect of Storage on Ammonia Concentration in Canine Packed Red Blood Cells.

Objective: To determine the effect of storage on ammonia concentration in canine packed red blood cell (pRBC) units.
Design: In vitro and in vivo study.
Setting: University Veterinary Teaching Hospital.
Interventions: Ammonia concentration was measured in 7 units of canine pRBC prepared in citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD) and Adsol^a on Days 1 and 35 of storage. Ammonia was measured in 4 additional units of canine pRBC on Days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35. Plasma ammonia was also determined in 5 anemic dogs receiving pRBC.
Measurements and Main Results: Ammonia concentration increased from 73 ± 15 mmol/L (mean ± SD) on Day 1 to 800 ± 275 mmpl/L on Day (p<0.001). When measured every 7 days in 4 units of canine pRBC, ammonia concentration increased from 23 ± 8 mmol/L on Day 0 to 179 ± 13 mmol/L (Day 7), 276 ± 56 mmol/L (Day 14). 383 ± 47 mmol/L (Day21), 466 ± 30 mmol/L (Day 28), and 562 ± 27 mmol/L (Day 35) (p<0.05 for all comparisons). In a preliminary study, plasma ammonia concentration measured in blood samples from 5 anemic dogs without primary liver disease immediately before and after transfusion with 5–10 ml/kg of stored pRBC remained in the normal reference range.
Conclusions: The ammonia concentration in stored canine pRBC increased markedly with time. In this preliminary study, ammonia concentrations in dogs without primary liver disease did not increase above the reference range after transfusion with pRBC.     

日粮锌和含硫氨基酸水平对鸡红细胞脆性的影响

考察了鸡红细胞脆性在不同日粮锌和含硫氨基酸水平下的变化。结果表明,日粮加锌、加含硫氨基酸对鸡红细胞脆性都有极显著的影响。     

Cardiovascular Effects of a Continuous Two-Hour Propofol Infusion in Dogs Comparison With Isoflurane Anesthesia

The cardiovascular effects during 2 hours of anesthesia with either a continuous propofol infusion or isoflurane were compared in the same six healthy dogs. Dogs were randomly assigned to be anesthetized with either propofol (5 mg/kg, IV administered over 30 seconds, immediately followed by a propofol infusion beginning at 0.4 mg/kg/min), or isoflurane (2.0% end-tidal concentration). The propofol infusion was adjusted to maintain a light plane of anesthesia. Dogs anesthetized with propofol had higher values for systemic arterial pressure due to higher systemic vascular resistance. Dogs anesthetized with isoflurane had higher values for heart rate and mean pulmonary artery pressure. Cardiac index was not different between the two groups. Apnea and cyanosis were observed during induction of anesthesia with propofol. At the end of anesthesia the mean time to extubation for dogs anesthetized with either propofol or isoflurane was 13.5 min and 12.7 min, respectively. A continuous infusion of propofol (0.44 mg/kg/min) provided a light plane of anesthesia. Ventilatory support during continuous propofol infusion is recommended.     

非洲猪瘟病毒诱导猪红细胞凋亡并促进猪外周血单核细胞的吞噬作用

本研究旨在探讨非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）对猪红细胞（RBCs）的作用以及对猪外周血单核细胞（PBMs）吞噬能力的影响。试验采用流式细胞术检测ASFV侵染猪原代肺泡巨噬细胞（PAMs）和猪红细胞（RBCs）的能力,并检测ASFV诱导RBCs发生凋亡的百分比;同时采用激光共聚焦试验（Confocal）观察ASFV诱导RBCs发生凋亡是否影响PBMs的吞噬能力。结果显示,ASFV不能入侵RBCs,但以时间和剂量依赖性方式诱导RBCs发生凋亡。0.1 MOI ASFV接种RBCs后1、3、5和7 d可分别诱导1.27%、3.23%、7.39%和8.56%的RBCs发生凋亡;1 MOI ASFV接种RBCs后1、3、5和7 d可分别诱导1.54%、3.73%、8.46%和10.74%的RBCs发生凋亡;3 MOI ASFV接种RBCs后1、3、5和7 d可分别诱导2.65%、5.01%、12.44%和18.61%的RBCs发生凋亡。同时,凋亡的RBCs可以增加PBMs对黄绿色荧光微球的吞噬数量,ASFV诱导RBCs凋亡的百分比越高,PBMs吞噬黄绿色荧光微球的数量越多。综上所述,ASFV不能侵染猪RBCs,但可以以时间和剂量依赖性方式诱导RBCs发生凋亡并增强PBMs的吞噬功能。     

两种鲫鱼血液红细胞测定与分析

为了解普安鲫鱼和草海鲫鱼血液生理特征,试验采用血涂片和血细胞计数方法分别测定其红细胞及核大小、红细胞数量和形态。结果表明:草海鲫鱼血液中存在一定数量核正处于分裂期的长椭圆红细胞;草海鲫鱼红细胞长径、短径和长短径比均明显大于普安鲫鱼,而红细胞核的短径则显著小于普安鲫鱼,虽然其红细胞的体积、核的长径和核的长短径比略大于普安鲫鱼,但差异不显著;2种鱼红细胞数量分别为(1.31±0.12)×1012个/L和(1.02±0.37)×1012个/L,草海鲫鱼红细胞数量大于普安鲫鱼。综合分析可知,2种鱼所处地理环境不同,是造成其血液红细胞的形态、大小和数量存在差异的根本原因。本研究结果可为2种鲫鱼血液生理、血细胞及其免疫学、遗传育种提供基础资料。     

氯胺酮麻醉对食蟹猴血压的影响研究

目的:观察使用氯胺酮麻醉对食蟹猴血压的影响状况。方法:10只食蟹猴先在清醒状态下测量血压,再使用盐酸氯胺酮注射液10 mg/kg肌肉注射全身麻醉后,测量其麻醉后血压,比较两种状态下血压之间的差异。结果:食蟹猴在使用氯胺酮麻醉后收缩压、舒张压和平均动脉压升高。结论:食蟹猴使用氯胺酮进行全身麻醉后,对血压产生明显影响。     

不同光照条件下褪黑素对鸡外周血细胞消长规律的影响

在不同光照条件下,分组饲养7日龄鸡45只,翼下静脉采血,用经典血细胞计数法,在显微镜下计数,同时用比色法测定血红蛋白含量。结果表明,随着光照时间的延长,由于褪黑素的分泌受到抑制而使白细胞数、红细胞数和血红蛋白含量显著下降,经统计分析不同光照组间的测定结果均存在显著差异,从而说明内源性褪黑素水平对鸡的外周血细胞数量有显著影响。     

波斯猫传染性肠炎的病理学观察及输血疗法

对 2 5例自然发病的波斯猫传染性肠炎进行了病理学检查 ,提供了具有诊断意义的病理变化 ,同时对 2 6例患有传染性肠炎的病波斯猫 ,采用康复血静脉输血和母体供血均疗效显著     

Lowered Antioxidant Status of Red Blood Cells in Post-Parturient Haemoglobinuria of Buffaloes

The antioxidant status of the red blood cells of buffaloes (n = 20) suffering from post-parturient haemoglobinuria (PPH) was assessed by comparing their tocopherol (vitamin E) and reduced glutathione contents with those of red blood cells from apparently healthy buffaloes (n = 20). The red cell tocopherol content of the diseased buffaloes (1.76±0.11 g/ml) was significantly (p<0.01) lower than that of healthy buffaloes (2.45±0.14 g/ml). This may be the first report comparing the concentration of tocopherol in the red blood cells of buffaloes suffering from PPH and apparently healthy buffaloes.There was a drastic reduction in the reduced glutathione content in the red cells of haemoglobinuric buffaloes (23.74±2.86 mg%) compared to the healthy control buffaloes (73.71±3.87 mg%). The diseased buffaloes also exhibited severe hypophosphataemia. These findings suggest that an impaired or insufficient antioxidant potential of the red blood cells in this disease in buffaloes is associated with the phosphorus deficiency.     

Cryopreservation of Sheep Red Blood Cells: 4. Titrations of The First Complement Component with Frozen Eac4 Cells

The cryoprotection of the sheep erythrocyte intermediate EAC4 cells, used as reagent in titration of the first complement component, Gl, was investigated. The cryoprotective agents tested were untreated polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), purified PVP, neutralized PVP and a hydroxyethylated potato starch of high viscosity, Avelex 1030, hydrolyzed for 40 min. Recovery of EAG4 cells after thawing was 80–90 %, with best results using untreated, purified or neutralized PVP. The EAG4 cells frozen in the presence of untreated PVP showed, however, increased susceptibility to the hemolytic action of Gl, whereas cells frozen with purified or neutralized PVP or with Avelex 1030 gave titers similar to that obtained with fresh cells. Gl titrations with frozen and thawed EAG4 cells gave more reproducible results than those obtained when titrations were performed with fresh separately prepared cells.     

泻痢康对鸡红细胞免疫功能的影响

采用 E- 3b R花环试验 ,E- IC花环试验对饲喂 0 .5 %泻痢康 2 0 d的实验鸡和对照鸡的红细胞的免疫功能进行检测。结果发现 ,试验组和对照组鸡红细胞 C3b R致敏酵母花环率分别为 ( 4 .91± 1 .85 )与 ( 4 .31± 0 .6 4 ) ;试验组和对照组鸡红细胞未致敏酵母花环率分别为 ( 1 6 .5 0± 4.5 6 )与 ( 7.2 6± 2 .6 1 )。试验结果表明使用泻痢康饲喂鸡 ,不仅可有效地减少鸡下痢 ,而且可使鸡红细胞 C3b受体花环率增高 ,增强红细胞的免疫功能。     

丙泊酚静脉麻醉与安氟醚吸入麻醉在巴马小型猪体外循环中的比较研究

为探讨丙泊酚静脉麻醉与安氟醚吸入麻醉在巴马小型猪体外循环(CPB)中的麻醉效果,本研究选用巴马小型猪10头,平均分成2组,分别进行丙泊酚静脉麻醉和安氟醚吸入麻醉;开胸后进行全血肝素化处理,分别于升主动脉、上腔静脉和下腔静脉插管,连接体外循环机进行CPB;观察并记录麻醉诱导前(T0)、麻醉诱导后(T1)、CPB前即刻(T2)、降温至30 ℃(T3)、阻断主动脉前即刻(T4)、阻断主动脉后4 min(T5)、开始复温即刻(T6)、停CPB即刻(T7)、关胸后即刻(T8)及手术结束拔管后10 min(T9)10个时间点各组试验猪的生命体征、鼻温(NT)、心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、pH及血氧饱和度(SPO₂)指标。结果2组试验猪于CPB实施前后的基本情况如体重、手术时间和麻醉时间等指标均无显著性差异(P＞0.05);安氟醚组恢复自主呼吸的时间显著短于丙泊酚组(P＜0.05);与T0和T1相比,各组试验猪在CPB进行时其NT、HR和MAP值均显著降低(P＜0.05);但各组间及组内SPO₂和pH差异不显著(P＞0.05)。由此可见,丙泊酚静脉麻醉与安氟醚吸入麻醉均可用于巴马小型猪CPB中的麻醉。选用丙泊酚时,应根据手术过程中试验动物的反应情况适当调整用量;而安氟醚麻醉过程相对平稳,麻醉效果好,术后苏醒快,适合情况复杂且时间较长的手术。     

Evaluation Of An Additive Solution For Preservation Of Canine Red Blood Cells

The effect of an additive preservative solution on canine red blood cell posttransfusion viability (PTV) and on selected canine red blood cell biochemical parameters was studied. One unit (450 mL) of blood was collected from 6 clinically normal dogs into the anticoagulant citrate phosphate dextrose, centrifuged, and the plasma removed. The red blood cells were then suspended in 100 mL of a saline, adenine, dextrose, and mannitol solution and stored at 4°C. Aliquots were removed for study at 1, 10, 20, 30, 37, and 44 days. The 24-hour PTV of autologous red blood cells was determined using a sodium chromate (⁶¹Cr) label. Red blood cell concentrations of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP), and pH were also determined. Canine red blood cell PTV, pH, ATP, and 2,3-DPG concentrations decreased during storage ( P < .05). The PTV decreased from 94% using day 1 red blood cells to 80% and 75% using day 37 and day 44 red blood cells, respectively ( P < .05). Although the mean PTV of the day 44 stored units equaled the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) minimum standard for human red blood cells, the PTV was substandard in 75% of the day 44 units. The FDA standard was exceeded in 83% of the day 37 units. It was concluded that 37-day-old canine red blood cells preserved with a saline, adenine, dextrose, and mannitol solution are of acceptable quality for transfusion.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒不同毒株感染对猪外周血免疫细胞含量的影响

采用猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)变异株HN07-01和经典美洲株BJ-4人工感染2月龄仔猪,通过观察发病情况、检测外周血免疫细胞和PRRSV特异血清抗体水平,研究了不同毒株PRRSV的致病特性.结果表明:PRRSV变异株感染后能够引起高热症状;变异株HN07-01株感染后引起的外周血各类免疫细胞下降速度和下降程度显著高于BJ-4株.提示PRRSV变异株引起机体的免疫抑制明显强于BJ-4株;PRRSV特异血清抗体结果表明:变异株和BJ-4株均能快速诱导机体产生抗体.