共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 233 毫秒
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《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2020,(7)
大型藻类含有丰富的海藻硫酸多糖,该成分与动物多糖在结构上有一定相似性,具有独特的生物活性。文章介绍了海藻硫酸多糖在刺激肠道免疫反应方面的作用,为畜禽生产中替抗、减抗提供了一个新的解决方案。 相似文献
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海藻多糖来源丰富,可以分为褐藻多糖、红藻多糖、蓝藻多糖、绿藻多糖等。国内外大量研究表明,海藻多糖作为海藻生物活性物质之一,具有多种生理保健功能,如免疫调节、抗氧化、降血脂、抗肿瘤、抗炎、保护肝脏、防辐射等。海藻多糖具有增稠、稳定、保水等多种食品功能,已经广泛应用于食品工业中。本文对海藻多糖的制备方法和生理保健功能,特别是海藻多糖在乳品工业中应用的研究进展进行回顾,并展望今后研究应用的热点和趋势,为其更广泛地应用于乳品工业提供一定的理论参考。 相似文献
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海藻在畜牧生产中的应用研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
海藻是海洋中藻类植物的总称,分布在低潮线以下的浅海区域,是植物界中的隐花植物。全世界已知藻类有3万余种,目前已被人类开发利用的藻类主要分为红藻、褐藻、绿藻和蓝藻4大类。随着常规饲料原料的供应紧张和价格上涨,开发非常规综合性功能饲料已成为解决畜牧业饲料资源有效供应的长期任务。海藻作为一种优质的非常规饲料资源,具有分布广、产量大、适应能力强等特点且含有大量陆地植物所缺乏的生物活性物质和营养物质,这些特性决定了其巨大的饲料经济开发价值。作者综述了海藻的区域分布、特性、分类及营养物质的种类、功能及其在动物上的应用,由于其富含蛋白质类、氨基酸类、矿物质、多不饱和脂肪酸等营养物质及多糖多酚类、萜类等功能性物质,在畜牧业生产应用中具有巨大的发展潜力。此外,作者指出了在使用海藻饲料原料过程中应注重的问题,探讨了海藻在动物生产中发挥的多种功能性应用价值与潜在市场,旨在为藻类资源在动物日粮中的应用提供参考。 相似文献
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海藻是海洋中藻类植物的总称,分布在低潮线以下的浅海区域,是植物界中的隐花植物。全世界已知藻类有3万余种,目前已被人类开发利用的藻类主要分为红藻、褐藻、绿藻和蓝藻4大类。随着常规饲料原料的供应紧张和价格上涨,开发非常规综合性功能饲料已成为解决畜牧业饲料资源有效供应的长期任务。海藻作为一种优质的非常规饲料资源,具有分布广、产量大、适应能力强等特点且含有大量陆地植物所缺乏的生物活性物质和营养物质,这些特性决定了其巨大的饲料经济开发价值。作者综述了海藻的区域分布、特性、分类及营养物质的种类、功能及其在动物上的应用,由于其富含蛋白质类、氨基酸类、矿物质、多不饱和脂肪酸等营养物质及多糖多酚类、萜类等功能性物质,在畜牧业生产应用中具有巨大的发展潜力。此外,作者指出了在使用海藻饲料原料过程中应注重的问题,探讨了海藻在动物生产中发挥的多种功能性应用价值与潜在市场,旨在为藻类资源在动物日粮中的应用提供参考。 相似文献
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绵羊改良的最有效方法是冷冻精液人工授精,但冷冻精液在冷冻解冻过程中易发生氧化反应,解冻后成活率和受精率都大大下降。海带多糖是从海带属藻类中分离提取到的一些多糖,其中包括海带淀粉、海带胶、藻酸,还有岩藻聚糖等多糖类物质。海带多糖具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗菌、消除自由基、抗氧 相似文献
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付亚楠 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2019,39(12)
海藻中含有"硫酸多糖"——一种植物、酵母或微藻中不存在的成分,然而,动物对其反应良好。结合红藻和绿藻中的硫酸多糖,一项不使用抗生素帮助断奶仔猪的新策略已经初见曙光。 相似文献
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Izabela Michalak Ruchi Tiwari Manish Dhawan Mahmoud Alagawany Mayada R. Farag Khan Sharun Talha Bin Emran Kuldeep Dhama 《The Veterinary quarterly》2022,42(1):48
Natural antioxidants applied as feed additives can improve not only animals’ health and overall performance but also increase their resistance to environmental stress such as heat stress, bad housing conditions, diseases, etc. Marine organisms, for example seaweeds – red, brown, and green macroalgae contain a plethora of biologically active substances, including phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, pigments, vitamins, micro- and macroelements, and proteins known for their antioxidant activity, which can help in the maintenance of appropriate redox status in animals and show pleiotropic effects for enhancing good health, and productivity. The dysregulated production of free radicals is a marked characteristic of several clinical conditions, and antioxidant machinery plays a pivotal role in scavenging the excessive free radicals, thereby preventing and treating infections in animals. Supplementation of seaweeds to animal diet can boost antioxidant activity, immunity, and the gut environment. Dietary supplementation of seaweeds can also enhance meat quality due to the deposition of marine-derived antioxidant components in muscles. The use of natural antioxidants in the meat industry is a practical approach to minimize or prevent lipid oxidation. However, overconsumption of seaweeds, especially brown macroalgae, should be avoided because of their high iodine content. An important point to consider when including seaweeds in animal feed is their variable composition which depends on the species, habitat, location, harvest time, growing conditions such as nutrient concentration in water, light intensity, temperature, etc. This review highlights the beneficial applications of seaweeds and their extracted compounds, which have antioxidant properties as feed additives and impact animal health and production. 相似文献
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Byeng R. Min David Parker David Brauer Heidi Waldrip Catherine Lockard Kristin Hales Alexia Akbay Simona Augyte 《动物营养(英文)》2021,7(4):1371-1387
Seaweeds are macroalgae, which can be of many different morphologies, sizes, colors, and chemical profiles. They include brown, red, and green seaweeds. Brown seaweeds have been more investigated and exploited in comparison to other seaweed types for their use in animal feeding studies due to their large sizes and ease of harvesting. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that plant secondary compound-containing seaweeds (e.g., halogenated compounds, phlorotannins, etc.) have the potential to mitigate enteric methane (CH4) emissions from ruminants when added to the diets of beef and dairy cattle. Red seaweeds including Asparagopsis spp. are rich in crude protein and halogenated compounds compared to brown and green seaweeds. When halogenated-containing red seaweeds are used as the active ingredient in ruminant diets, bromoform concentration can be used as an indicator of anti-methanogenic properties. Phlorotannin-containing brown seaweed has also the potential to decrease CH4 production. However, numerous studies examined the possible anti-methanogenic effects of marine seaweeds with inconsistent results. This work reviews existing data associated with seaweeds and in vitro and in vivo rumen fermentation, animal performance, and enteric CH4 emissions in ruminants. Increased understanding of the seaweed supplementation related to rumen fermentation and its effect on animal performance and CH4 emissions in ruminants may lead to novel strategies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions while improving animal productivity. 相似文献
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硫酸多糖抗病毒作用研究进展 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
硫酸多糖是指糖羟基上带有硫酸根的多糖,可经天然提取或硫酸化的结构修饰而得到。近年的研究证明硫酸多糖无论在体内还是在体外,都显示了不同程度的抗病毒活性,尤其是与目前使用的其他抗病毒药物相比,其细胞毒作用较小而得到广泛的关注,其抗病毒作用机理是通过抑制病毒的吸附而阻止了合胞体的形成发挥作用的。通过筛选适宜大小分子量和结构改造,降低其毒副作用,硫酸多糖有望成为继病毒逆转录酶活性抑制剂、蛋白酶抑制剂后的又一类潜在的新型抗病毒药物,将在抗病毒感染方面显示出重要的作用,具有广阔的应用前景。文章就近年来国内外硫酸多糖的抗病毒作用进行了综述。 相似文献
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8种中药多糖及其硫酸化衍生物对新城疫病毒的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选定8种含有多糖的中药为药效跟踪研究对象,对8种中药进行多糖提取、纯化多糖,氯磺酸-吡啶法进行多糖硫酸化修饰,采用体外鸡胚成纤维细胞培养法研究多糖抗新城疫病毒的活性,MTT法结合CPE观察法检测评价多糖抗新城疫病毒作用。结果显示,8种多糖均具有一定抗病毒活性,以黄芪多糖效果最明显,治疗指数达8,当归多糖、板蓝根多糖次之,紫草及黄精多糖效果不显著,治疗指数低于2。硫酸化修饰使得当归和大黄多糖的抗病毒活性增强,治疗指数高达16,表现强抗NDV作用。 相似文献
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Mónica Costa Carlos Cardoso Cláudia Afonso Narcisa M. Bandarra José A. M. Prates 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(6):1075-1102
The effects of dietary macroalgae, or seaweeds, on growth performance and meat quality of livestock animal species are here reviewed. Macroalgae are classified into Phaeophyceae (brown algae), Rhodophyceae (red algae) and Chlorophyceae (green algae). The most common macroalga genera used as livestock feedstuffs are: Ascophyllum, Laminaria and Undaria for brown algae; Ulva, Codium and Cladophora for green algae; and Pyropia, Chondrus and Palmaria for red algae. Macroalgae are rich in many nutrients, including bioactive compounds, such as soluble polysaccharides, with some species being good sources of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. To date, the incorporation of macroalgae in livestock animal diets was shown to improve growth and meat quality, depending on the alga species, dietary level and animal growth stage. Generally, Ascophyllum nodosum can increase average daily gain (ADG) in ruminant and pig mostly due to its prebiotic activity in animal's gut. A. nodosum also enhances marbling score, colour uniformity and redness, and can decrease saturated fatty acids in ruminant meats. Laminaria sp., mainly Laminaria digitata, increases ADG and feed efficiency, and improves the antioxidant potential of pork. Ulva sp., and its mixture with Codium sp., was shown to improve poultry growth at up to 10% feed. Therefore, seaweeds are promising sustainable alternatives to corn and soybean as feed ingredients, thus attenuating the current competition among food-feed-biofuel industries. In addition, macroalgae can hinder eutrophication and participate in bioremediation. However, some challenges need to be overcome, such as the development of large-scale and cost-effective algae production methods and the improvement of algae digestibility by monogastric animals. The dietary inclusion of Carbohydrate-Active enZymes (CAZymes) could allow for the degradation of recalcitrant macroalga cell walls, with an increase of nutrients bioavailability. Overall, the use of macroalgae as feedstuffs is a promising strategy for the development of a more sustainable livestock production. 相似文献