南亚含笑种子发芽试验

为探索南亚含笑种子常规贮藏育苗发芽率低的原因,对其种子进行了不同方法的贮藏和处理,并作了发芽试验。结果表明:沙藏的南亚含笑种子发芽率达81.8%,发芽相对整齐,且能提前1个月发芽;层积催芽处理过的南亚含笑种子发芽最整齐,发芽率高达92.4%。     

文冠果种子沙藏催芽技术

沙藏处理可显著提高文冠果种子发芽势、发芽率,并可确保出苗整齐,提高苗木抗性.本文从冬前沙藏和春前催芽两个方面介绍了文冠果种子的沙藏催芽技术.     

不同处理对凤凰木种子发芽的影响

凤凰木是世界热带地区著名的园林绿化树种,在我国热带南亚热带地区广为栽培,用常规方法育苗,种子发芽率低、发芽不整齐。为了提高凤凰木种子发芽率,采用沸水浸泡、浓硫酸处理以及砂擦种皮等措施,对种子进行播种前处理、催芽。试验结果表明:3种方法均能显著改善凤凰木种子的发芽状况,但以浓硫酸处理效果最好,其发芽率、发芽势最高,分别比对照高4．9倍和11．7倍,且发芽速度最快,平均发芽速度比对照快3 d;其次是砂擦处理,其发芽率比对照高3．4倍;100℃热水处理的效果较差,其发芽率仅比对照高 1.3倍。     

圆齿野鸦椿播种育苗技术

研究沙藏催芽处理和不同浓度赤霉素对圆齿野鸦椿种子发芽率的影响,以及不同基质播种育苗的差异和不同播种量对苗木生长的影响。结果表明,圆齿野鸦椿种子沙藏催芽至第3年的2-3月份春播,用不同浓度赤霉素处理均能显著促进其发芽,发芽率最高达75%,出苗快而整齐;以沙壤土加竹炭粉为播种基质,播种量为6.0g.m-2的Ⅰ、Ⅱ级苗产量最高,生长均匀整齐,是最佳播种育苗组合。     

格氏栲种子不同催芽方式发芽效果分析

采用粗河沙、粗骨性黄壤、育苗基质、杉木皮屑、薏米屑等5种不同基质及塑料箱、泡沫箱两种不同容器和苗床进行格氏栲种子催芽效果比较试验。结果表明:不同催芽基质格氏栲种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数以粗河沙的指标值最高,3项指标值分别达96.2%、81.5%、21.6%,发芽速度最快,平均9.0 d种子全部发芽结束;粗骨性黄壤的效果稍次,育苗基质的效果中等,杉木皮屑、薏米屑2种基质的效果最差。不同容器与苗床催芽格氏栲种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数以苗床催芽的指标值最高,3项指标值分别达95.2%、85.8%、23.0%,发芽速度最快,平均8.3 d种子全部发芽结束;泡沫箱催芽的效果较差,塑料箱催芽的效果最差。     

不同贮藏方法对南天竹种子萌发的影响

针对南天竹种子发芽困难,发芽率不齐及发芽时间长等问题,设计常温干藏、低温干藏、低温湿藏、常温带果球沙藏、常温净种沙藏、低温净种沙藏等6种种子贮藏的方法开展试验,经过种子始萌发时间、发芽率和发芽势等指标的比较分析后发现,采用低温净种沙藏的南天竹种子,发芽率高达83%,发芽势65%,种子萌发快而整齐,是南天竹种子最佳贮藏方法。     

水曲柳引种育苗试验初报

水曲柳种子具胚后熟性,在引种育苗试验中,采用4种方法对种子进行处理,通过对其发芽率和苗木生长量调查分析,认为用碱水(5％NaHcO_3)浸渍后混砂层积催芽法能最大限度地提高水曲柳的发芽率,并使其发芽整齐。     

山苍子苗木培育技术

对山苍子种子贮藏、种子育苗、扦插、嫁接等进行了为期3年的研究,结果表明:山苍子种子贮藏以沙藏为好,春季育苗发芽率达46.4%;山苍子种子催芽采用80℃的热水浸种,可提高发芽率和发芽势;与春播相比,秋播种子发芽率、发芽势相对较低,但无论是苗高、地径还是冠幅都更大;无论是春播或者秋播,浸种催芽的比无浸种催芽的发芽率或发芽势都更高,而且生长量也更大;扦插用吲哚丁酸100 mg.kg-1+萘乙酸50 mg.kg-1溶液浸泡60 m in成活率最高;嫁接以T字形芽接成活率最高。     

苦楝种子形态相关性及萌发习性的观测与研究

对苦楝的种子形态指标、种子不同处理和播种时间试验研究,结果表明:苦楝种子单粒重与种子横径的相关性较强,在生产中应选育种子横径较大的优良品系,具有的丰产潜力更大;将苦楝种子沙藏催芽后播种,种子发芽率高,发芽速度快,出苗整齐;不同播种时间对苗楝种子发芽出苗影响不明显,但对苗楝苗木生长有明显影响,在生产实践中应采用冬播育苗为好.     

不同储藏方法对武功山建群种五节芒种子发芽的影响

以萍乡武功山山地草甸主要建群种五节芒(Miscanthus floridulus)种子为研究对象,采用沙藏(A)、冷冻(B)、冷藏(C)和常温储藏(CK)进行处理;结果表明:不同处理的种子发芽率表现为A>CK>C>B,采用沙藏处理种子发芽率最好,其种子发芽势最高;五节芒种子在适宜的环境下2~3 d后就开始发芽,第3~7天是种子萌发的高峰期,种子发芽持续时间为12~14 d;沙藏处理的种子平均最大根长、平均幼苗高度均比其他3个处理的要好。     

不同催芽方法对文冠果种子发芽率的影响

以文冠果种子为试验材料,采用低温（-18℃）雪藏90d、低温（0℃-5℃）沙藏90d和热水浸种（始温80℃）120h三种方法处理种子,然后在15℃-25℃条件下增温催芽10d,在25℃沙床上进行发芽观测,结果表明：三种方法处理的种子发芽率分别为79％、77％和39％,差异极其显著。以低温雪藏处理的发芽效果最好,低温沙藏次之,热水浸种效果最差、不宜采用。     

8种造林树种不同催芽方法种子发芽率比较

研究了日本落叶松、山杏等8种造林树种在不同催芽处理下种子的发芽率,得出了8种造林树种的最佳催芽方法：1）日本落叶松种子为雪藏法,发芽率达88．2％。2）刺槐种子播种前10天用10倍体积的90℃水处理,发芽率为91．8％。3）黄菠萝种子宜在保持不干的状态下低温处理,发芽率为85．3％。4）水曲柳、刺五加果实采收、种子取出后立即进行高、中、低温沙藏,其发芽率分别为90．0％和92．0％。5）文冠果种子宜播种前进行3个月的低温沙藏,发芽率为95．3％。6）辽东栎种子应采收后立即低温沙藏,发芽率为94．0％。7）山杏种子宜在1月初浸泡并进行低温沙藏,发芽率为91．7％。     

Effect of different pre-sowing treatments on seed germination percentage and growth performance of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acacia auriculiformis</Emphasis>

Seed morphology, germination and seedlings growth of Acacia auriculiformis were studied. The experiment was conducted in the nursery of Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Bangladesh. Matured seeds of the species were collected from healthy trees of road side plantation from different areas of Khulna District, Bangladesh and treated with five pre-sowing treatments (control, immersion in cold water, immersion in hot water, scarification with sand paper and immersion in concentrated H₂SO₄). The average length, breadth and thickness were found to be (0.58±0.017) cm, (0.44±0.007) cm and (0.20±0.089) cm, respectively. Germination was conducted in polybags with a mixture of top soil, coconut husk, coarse sand, and fine sand in a ratio of 3:4:1:1. Results reveal that pre-sowing treatments influences the germination rates of seeds that significantly increase the percentage germination compared with those in control (43%) and cold water treatment (52%). The highest germination success rate was found 83% in hot water treatment followed by 78% in scarification with sand paper, and 75% with immersion in H₂SO₄. Germination started from 7 to 12 days and completed between 28 and 35 days period in all treatments. ANOVA showed the significant difference (p<0.05) among the treatments in seed germination, but no significant difference among treatment with regard to starting day, closing day and total germination period. In case of height and diameter growth, seedlings originated from the seeds with hot water treatment shows significantly higher in wet season (from May to July). Hot water treatment can be recommended on seed germination of the species in rural Bangladesh.     

Effects of priming treatments on germination and biochemicalcharacteristics of Pinus bungeana seeds

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed priming on the germination and physiology of Pinus bungeana seeds.Seeds were treated by hydropriming with distilled water,halopriming with potassium nitrate (KNO 3) at 0.3,0.6,1.2 MPa respectively (untreated dry seeds were taken as control).Properties of seed germination and physiology were determined and the effect of hydro-and halopriming on germination and physiology of P.bungeana seeds were investigated.The results showed that,compared with control,each priming treatment had increased the germination percentage (GP) and germination index (GI),shortened the mean germination time (MGT) and the time required for 50% of the seeds to germinate (G 50).Primed P.bungeana seeds significantly decreased the relative conductivity and the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA).Of all the treatments applied to seeds of P.bungeana,halopriming at 0.3 MPa KNO 3 produced the highest GP (65.0%) and the shortest MGT (18.8 d) and G 50 (18.2 d).     

播种基质与催芽方法对迎红杜鹃出苗率的影响试验

以迎红杜鹃种子为材料,采用双因素4次重复随机排列试验设计进行了不同播种基质和不同催芽方法对播种出苗率的影响试验.结果表明,不同基质与不同催芽方法以及二者的交互作用对迎红杜鹃播种出苗率均有显著影响.其中,以播种基质为腐殖土与沙混合,比例为2∶1,上面再铺一层1 cm厚粉碎的旱苔藓,催芽方法为播种前10d混湿沙,种沙比为1∶6,置于温室或小拱棚内摊开,每天翻动2次并适时喷水这个组合出苗率最高.     

石梓种子的发芽试验

石梓(Gmelina arborea)种子特性与柚木相似,过去曾做过试验,在室内发芽皿中不发芽,一般贮藏方法,一年内即失去发芽力。有些生产单位播种覆土盖草,种子容易霉烂,低温季节播种,种子发芽困难。针对上述问题,我们进行了种子贮藏和催芽方法的探讨,取得了一定的效果。     

优良引进饲料灌木树苜蓿种子的6种催芽试验

通过对新引进的优良饲料灌木树苜蓿进行种子催芽、种子生活力鉴定和种子发芽试验,结果表明：6种催芽方法效果差异显著。其中,砂纸磨擦催芽效果最好,其次是变温处理和浓硫酸催芽,碳酸钠和洗衣粉催芽效果居中,沸水处理催芽效果最差,但所有方法的催芽率均不高,种子最高吸胀率只有58．0％。综合考虑其催芽操作难易程度、催芽效果和使用的安全、经济和可行性以及树苜蓿种子含硬实的特性,试验筛选出了碳酸钠和洗衣粉2种比较合适的树苜蓿种子催芽方法。种子生活力鉴定结果表明：种子活力达75％以上,且试验所用催芽药剂及药剂处理浓度和处理时间对种子活力没有太大影响。种子发芽率为94．5％。     

白藓种子不同处理方法对出苗率的影响

以白藓种子为材料,采用不同处理方法进行播种试验,研究其对出苗率的影响,结果表明,以细河沙(含水率60%)与种子按31比例均匀混拌后在贮藏室内进行层积处理的出苗率最高,达到了95%以上,沙藏层积处理是打破种子休眠促进萌发的适宜方法。     

Effects of variation in seed sources and pre-sowing treatments on seed germination of Tamarindus indica: a multi-purpose tree species in Bangladesh

We investigated the morphology and germination of Tamarindus indica seeds in order to discover the effects of variation in seed sources and pre-sowing treatments on germination. The experiment was carried out in the nursery of the Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline, Khulna University, Bangladesh. Seeds were collected from different but healthy trees from various locations in Bangladesh and subjected to four pre-sowing treatments, i.e., control, immersion in cold water (4°C for 24 h), immersion in hot water (80°C for 10 min) and scarification with sand paper. Seed germination was carried out in poly-bags with a mixture of topsoil and cow dung in the ratio of 3:1. The average length of the fresh seeds was 1.35±0.26 cm, their width 1.07 ±0.20 cm and thickness 0.69±0.11 cm. The results revealed that pre-sowing treatments affected the germination process of seeds, which significantly increased the germination percentage with the cold water (81.67%) and scarification with sand paper (82.33%) treatments, compared with those in the control (58.33%) and hot water treatment (59.00%). In all treatments germination started on average within 5 to 7 days after the start of the treatments and were completed from 13 to 19 days later. The greatest success in germination (82.33%) was found in scarification with sand paper, followed with 81.67% in the cold water treatment. The results of analyses of variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences (p<0.05) in germination closing dates, seed germination periods and germination percentages among the treatments but no significant difference among seed sources. However, the effect of the interaction between seed source variation and pre-treatment differed significantly in seed germination closing dates and germination percentages. We recommend cold water treatment (submersion of seed at a temperature of 4°C for a 24-h period) for seed germination of T. indica in rural Bangladesh.     

NaCl、KNO_3胁迫处理对麻疯树种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

分别用0.3%、0.5%、0.7%的NaCl溶液和KNO3溶液浸泡麻疯树(Jatropha curcasL.)种子(以自来水浸泡作对照)24 h后播种,置于温度25℃、光照12 h.d-1、光照强度2 000 lx条件下培养;15 d后将幼苗移栽置于自然条件下,观测种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理生化等指标。结果表明:盐溶液胁迫处理的种子发芽率比对照下降15%以上;0.5%的KNO3溶液处理麻疯树种子对其幼苗生长有促进作用;0.7%的NaCl溶液和KNO3溶液能有效提高幼苗的抗性。