48-50支凉山半细毛羊不同年龄繁殖性能比较

为探明48-50支凉山半细毛羊母羊的最佳繁殖年龄,对1.5～6.5岁之间不同年龄阶段48-50支凉山半细毛羊的基础母羊配怀率、产羔率、羔羊成活率、双羔率等繁殖性能进行测定,比较分析其繁殖力.结果表明,4.5岁的母羊配怀率92.68%,产羔率126.83%,羔羊成活率91.67%,双羔率34.15%,均高于其它年龄组.表明4.5岁的母羊繁殖力达到最高峰.     

配种季节对绵羊生产性能的影响

为探索不同配种季节对凉山半细毛羊生产性能的影响,采取夏秋季配种和冬季配种两种方法开展试验,通过对母羊产羔率、羔羊死亡率、产羔期、羔羊初生重、断奶重等相关性能指标测定分析,结果表明凉山半细毛羊冬季配种较夏秋季配种效果好,值得推广。     

青海加什科羊体尺指标的测定

对加什科村的99只成年公羊、24只周岁公羊,82只成年母羊和47只周岁母羊的体高、体长、胸围、胸深和管围等体尺指标进行了测定。结果表明,加什科羊除体高和管围比青海细毛羊小外,其他三项体尺均大于青海细毛羊。与青海半细毛羊比较,胸围和管围小于青海半细毛羊,其他三项体尺均大于青海半细毛羊。周岁母羊的体高和胸深稍大于青海半细毛羊,而体长、胸围和管围均大于青海半细毛羊。     

适时抓好母羊的秋季配种

(一)抓秋膘,促进母羊正常发情排卵8-10月是母羊发情配种的旺季,养殖户应在增加母羊膘情的前提下,促进适龄母羊正常发情排卵。适龄母羊应具有中等膘情以上的种用体况。母羊体况过肥或过,均不利于发情受胎。目前养殖户喂养的母羊绝大部分是由于体质过瘦而影响母羊发情配种。     

母羊秋季配种催情的药物疗法

一．抓秋膘，促进母羊正常发情排卵 8～10月是母羊秋季发情配种的旺季，母羊在秋配季节，养殖户应在尽量抓好母羊放牧和补料饲喂，增加母羊膘情的前提下，促进适龄母羊正常发情排卵。母羊在秋配季节饲养管理的好坏，将直接影响其发情排卵是否正常。在配种期到来之前，适龄母羊应具有中等膘情以上的种用体况。如母羊体况过肥，     

四川:凉山半细毛羊繁殖新技术试验获得成功

记者日前从国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系西昌综合试验站了解到,为加快凉山半细毛羊优秀群体的迅速扩繁,缩短世代间隔,国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系西昌综合试验站在昭觉县豹口牧场进行了凉山半细毛羊母羔(4～8周龄)幼畜的超数排卵(JIVET技术)、体外授精、胚胎移植试验并获得成功。该研究试验邀请了国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系胚胎工程岗位科学家中国农业大学安晓荣教授团队一行5人对凉山半细毛羊供体母羔进行超数排卵,体外授精,同时进行成年受体母羊的同期发情、胚胎移植技术试验与示范。这对     

母羊秋季配种要领

<正>(一)抓秋膘,促进母羊正常发情排卵8—10月是母羊秋季发情配种的旺季,母羊在秋配季节,养殖户应在尽量抓好母羊放牧和补料饲喂,在增加母羊膘情的前提下,促进适龄母羊正常发情排卵。在配种期到来之前,适龄母羊应具有中等膘情以上的种用体况。如母羊体况过肥,脂肪存积     

凉山半细毛羊生理生化指标的系统检测和分析

凉山半细毛羊是经引进的罗姆尼羊、美利奴羊等与本地藏羊长期杂交而育成的改良种群,为48～50支纱半细毛羊的新品种。为了探索该品种种质特性,对凉山半细毛羊进行了30只同一个体35项生理生化指标的系统测定。测定结果表明,这一系统检测能代表凉山半细毛羊生理生化变化的情况,为今后改良育种、饲养管理和疾病诊治提供了科学依据。     

凉山半细毛羊育成期生长发育的研究

凉山半细毛羊 4月龄公、母羔体重在 2 6kg以上 ,哺乳期内生长迅速 ,一月龄日增重接近 30 0g ,哺乳期内近 2 0 0g。随着年龄增长 ,生长速度逐渐变慢 ,5～ 1 2月龄公、母羔日增重分别降至 80 8g和 5 7 9g。1 5岁时公、母羊体重分别达到 60 4kg和 46 1kg。 2 5岁成年母羊体重 5 4 5kg。     

凉山半细毛羊的研究进展

凉山半细毛羊是经过复杂杂交而育成的新品种，本文就凉山半细毛羊的育成历史、种质特性、细胞与生化、分子和遗传参数等方面进行了综述，旨在全面了解凉山半细毛羊的研究进展。     

控制光照对陕北白绒山羊体重和绒毛长度的影响研究

 研究控制光照对陕北白绒山羊体重和绒毛长度的影响研究,以期为陕北白绒山羊光控增绒技术的示范推广提供基础参数和理论依据。将52只适繁陕北白绒山羊母羊按照体况、体重相近的原则随机分为对照组和试验组,其中对照组采用自然光照;试验组通过采用专门的光控羊舍将光照控制为7 h;对照组和试验组母羊均自由采食、饮水,常规管理。结果表明：（1）控制光照的试验组母羊体重和平均日增重稍高于对照组,但光照时间对母羊体重和平均日增重并没有显著影响（P>0.05）;（2）试验组母羊绒纤维长度较对照组提高了67.24%,差异显著（P<0.05）。     

Effects of trichostrongyle larval challenge on the reproductive performance of immune ewes

Ostertagia circumcincta larvae were administered to adult immune ewes either during the breeding period or around parturition to investigate whether reproductive performance was affected. Two groups of 25 ewes were given water or 12,000 ostertagia larvae three times weekly for five weeks before and five weeks after breeding to synchronised oestrus. Plasma pepsinogen levels were raised in the larval-challenged ewes during the treatment period but no significant effect of treatment was observed on ovulation rate or plasma progesterone concentration. Neither ewe live-weight nor body condition score differed between groups throughout gestation or for four weeks post partum and there was no effect from larval challenge during the breeding period on lambing rate, lamb birthweight or liveweight at four weeks old. A second experiment involved 20 twin-bearing immune ewes which were administered 17,000 ostertagia larvae three times weekly for three weeks before and three weeks after parturition. Plasma pepsinogen concentration was elevated during the larval challenge period and nematode eggs were detected in the faeces after parturition but there was no effect from treatment either on ewe liveweight and body condition score or on lamb birthweight and lamb liveweight at four weeks old. These results indicate that larval challenge with ostertagia larvae at dose rates comparable to larval intake from heavily contaminated pasture did not affect the general well being and reproductive performance of immune Greyface ewes.     

The effect of breeding ewe lambs on subsequent two-year-old ewe performance

This study was undertaken to determine if breeding ewe lambs (hoggets) would influence subsequent two-year-old (two-tooth) ewe liveweight and reproductive performance and their lamb's performance to weaning. Two-tooth Romney ewes that had been bred and lambed as a hogget (n = 505) were compared with those of 196 ewes that were bred as a hogget but did not lamb and 235 ewes that were not presented for breeding as a hogget. Hogget lambing resulted in reduced (P < 0.05) two-tooth liveweight and body condition score at breeding although still present this liveweight difference was reduced by two-tooth lamb weaning. Two-tooth ewes that had previously lambed as a hogget had greater (P < 0.05) returns to service rates and lower (P < 0.05) fecundity (multiple-bearing/two-tooth bred) than those that were bred for the first time. Two-tooth lamb liveweights were unaffected by hogget lambing. These results show that hogget lambing had a small negative effect on subsequent two-tooth reproductive performance. This was most likely caused by reduced liveweight at two-tooth breeding and indicates that farmers need to ensure management practices are in place to reduce the impact of hogget lambing on two-tooth liveweight.     

Effects of sarcoptic mange on the reproductive performance of ewes and transmission of Sarcoptes scabiei to newborn lambs

In each of two experiments, the reproductive performance of ewes naturally infested with sarcoptic mange and of uninfested ewes was assessed in in-season natural breeding conditions (experiment I) or in out-of-season controlled breeding conditions (experiment II). A statistically significant difference was observed in the total lambs born per ewe (infested ewes, 1.2; controls, 1.6), in the liveborn lambs per ewe (infested ewes, 1.2; controls, 1.5) and in the lamb body weight per ewe (infested ewes, 3.33kg; controls, 4.53kg) under natural breeding conditions, as well as in the lamb body weight per ewe (infested ewes, 3.37kg; controls, 4.14kg) among ewes under controlled breeding conditions. No adverse effects were observed in the other reproductive indices, cycling rate, mating rate, return-to-oestrus rate, abortion rate, lambing rate and stillbirth rate. Sarcoptic mange was observed in the offspring of infested ewes after 30 days and in the offspring of uninfested controls 60 days after their birth.     

Influencing factors on the level of the ovulation rate in sheep during the main breeding season--an ultrasonographic study

The main breeding season for sheep in Germany is from the beginning of September until the end of November. The aim of this study was to determine the factors which influenced the level of the ovulation rate (o. r.) during this period. The examination was conducted over three years and included Booroola.Mutton Merino crosses [heterozygous- (F+) carriers and non-carriers of the Booroola- (FecB) fecundity gene], German Mutton Merino (GMM) and German Blackheaded (GB). In total 1326 examinations were carried out. Between the 8th to 12th day after estrous detection an ovary diagnosis was performed by transrectal scanning with a 7.5 MHz linear probe. The number of the corpora lutea per ewe (o. r.) was documented. The weight and the body condition of the ewes was also determined. During the breeding season the breed of the ewe had the main effect on the level of the o. r. (p < 0.05). This is the reason that the statistical model can only be applied for each breed. The effects of age, year of examination and day of the main breeding season were tested. The age of the ewes and the date of the examination during the breeding season had the main effect on the o. r. In GMM and GB the age influenced the o.r. with an effect of 8.3% and 4.2%. The effect of the season was vice versa (Gmm 3.2%; GB 8.2%). Non-carriers of the Booroola- (FecB) fecundity gene behaved similar like the GMM. However, only the high fecundity carriers of the FecB-gene were strongly influenced by the season. For each breed there exists a typical threshold value for the body weight above which further weight has no effect on the o. r. (GMM 65-70 kg, GB 75-80 kg, non-carriers of the Booroola-FecB gene 55-60 kg and carriers of the FecB-gene 60-65 kg). This value lies at about 80% of the highest measured weight of each breed. The results demonstrated that a balanced age structure in combination with a optimum weight influenced the level of o. r. In addition the date of the season is especially important.     

萨福克羔羊0~65日龄生长发育规律研究

试验对萨福克羔羊0~65日龄生长发育规律进行了分析,旨在完善肉羊的生长发育规律研究,为萨福克羔羊0~65日龄的饲养管理及营养水平提供理论依据。试验于新疆华兴牧场惠康畜牧种羊繁育基地进行,供体母羊为纯种萨福克羊,受体母羊为哈萨克羊,并对出生的萨福克羔羊进行体尺、体重测量和记录,将数据输入Excel表格进行整理,并通过SPSS 16.0软件分析各性状平均值和各个体尺指标与体重平均值的相关性。结果表明,0~30日龄萨福克羊生长发育速度相对较快,公羔臀宽与体重的相关系数为0.989;管围与体重的相关系数为0.638;母羔臀宽与体重的相关系数为0.981,管围与体重的相关系数为0.654。0~30日龄萨福克羊公羔各性状的生长发育比母羔快,45~65日龄生长速度一致。羔羊0~15日龄体高、体长、胸围和体重等生长速度最快,而30~65日龄体高、体长、体重等部位生长速度较平稳;由体尺、体重相关性分析可知,臀宽与体重相关系数最大,管围和体重相关系数最小。由研究可知,0~30日龄营养要求关键,公羔与母羔的生长发育无明显差异,欲提高羔羊的生长发育速度则要注意羔羊各年龄阶段的生长发育规律,合理提供营养并提高饲料质量与管理水平。今后对萨福克羔羊的饲料管理中应该注重不同时期的饲养配方,合理改善饲养环境,使其发挥最大生长潜能。     

Influence of body weight and number of inseminations on fertility of progestogen-treated ewe lambs raised in controlled environments

The influence of body weight at breeding on reproductive response to one and two artificial inseminations (AI) of fresh extended semen was assessed in 195 crossbred ewe lambs selected for early breeding and compared with 159 adult ewes, all housed indoors in a controlled environment. In six trials, ewe lambs and adult ewes in progestogen-induced estrus were inseminated 55 to 57 h after sponge removal. One-half of the lambs and one-fourth of the adults received a second insemination at 60 h. Resultant reproductive performance of both groups indicated no advantage in a double insemination. Overall fertility, litter size and fecundity after one and two inseminations were 33%, 1.7 and .6 for ewe lambs and 68%, 2.4 and 1.6 for adult ewes, respectively. Embryonic mortality after the first 2 wk of pregnancy was estimated at 24% for ewe lambs and 9% for adults. The influence of body weight was analyzed by grouping the ewe lambs according to body weight at breeding. The lambs in group 1 weighed 30 to 35 kg; group 2, 36 to 40 kg; group 3, 41 to 45 kg and group 4, 46 to 50 kg. The proportion of ewes lambing in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 was 16, 34, 39 and 48%, respectively. Corresponding litter sizes were 1.4, 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0. Fecundity increased (P less than 01) from .2 in group 1 to 1.0 in group 4. The results indicate that even when ewe lambs are bred by AI (eliminating a ram behavioral problem), sheep with heavier body weights produce more lambs per ewe bred.     

欧拉羊种母羊的早期培育效果

为了缩短欧拉羊种母羊的初配时间,提高繁殖效率,在河南县高寒牧区放牧条件下,进行了欧拉羊种母羊的早期培育试验。选择60只相同体况且健康无病的初生母羔分为试验组和对照组(各30只)。试验组在传统放牧的基础上,母羔15～60日龄平均补饲代乳粉90g/只/d;2～4月龄平均补饲精料100～200g/只/d;4～6月龄平均补饲精料200～300g/只/d,对照组采取传统放牧方式培育。结果表明:6月龄时,试验组平均体重和日增重分别达到34.85kg和141.3g/d(P<0.05),分别比对照组平均提高6.72kg和47.13g/d;6月龄试验结束时,试验组体长、体高、胸深、尻宽、胸宽、胸围分别比对照组提高2.87cm、3.59cm、1.50cm、1.44cm、1.66cm、2.44cm,两组数据存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。     

The impact of genetic merit on ewe performance and efficiency parameters

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of ewe genetic merit on ewe performance and efficiency parameters. The study consisted of three genetic merit groups (New Zealand [NZ], High Irish, and Low Irish) and ran from 2016 to 2019, inclusive. Each genetic merit group contained 30 purebred Suffolk and 30 purebred Texel ewes, which were selected based on their maternal genetic indexes in their country of origin, namely Ireland (€uro-star Replacement index) or New Zealand (New Zealand Maternal worth). Ewe body condition score (BCS), ewe body weight (BW), milk yield, milk composition, dry matter intake (DMI), and efficiency parameters were all analyzed using linear mixed models. Ewe BW was similar across all genetic merit groups at each time point (P > 0.05). In comparison to both High and Low Irish ewes, NZ ewes had a higher BCS at mating, mid-pregnancy, lambing, week 10 post-lambing (PL, P < 0.05). Ewe BW change was similar across genetic merit groups, except between mating and mid-pregnancy where ewe BW loss was greater for NZ ewes than Irish ewes (P < 0.05) and between weeks 6 PL and 10 PL, where NZ ewes gained BW and High and Low Irish ewes lost BW (P < 0.01). Ewe milk yield, milk fat, total solids, and gross energy content were superior for milk produced by NZ ewes at week 6 PL in comparison to milk produced by High Irish and Low Irish ewes (P < 0.01). NZ ewes produced a greater quantity of milk solids/kg of BW at week 6 PL compared with High Irish ewes (P < 0.01), whereas Low Irish ewes did not differ from either NZ or High Irish (P > 0.05). Low Irish ewes had a greater daily DMI than High Irish ewes in late lactation (week 10 PL, P < 0.05) and had a greater DMI/kg of ewe BW compared with the High Irish ewes at the same time point (P < 0.05). NZ ewes weaned a litter BW equivalent to 60.4% of their mating BW, which was more than the Low Irish ewes who weaned 57.1% of the ewe’s BW at mating (P < 0.01), whereas the High Irish ewes did not differ from either the NZ or Low Irish ewes at 59.3% of the ewe’s BW at mating (P > 0.05). This study presents a range of parameters across ewes of high and low genetic merit, demonstrating the ability to achieve gains through selection of animals of high genetic merit. Sheep producers should consider genetic indexes as a tool to assist in the decision-making process of selecting replacement ewes and/or breeding rams, once satisfied the animal is correct, and meeting the breeding objectives of the system.     

Impacts of maternal selenium and nutritional level on growth, adiposity, and glucose tolerance in female offspring in sheep

To examine effects of maternal nutrition and Se intake on adiposity and insulin sensitivity in female offspring, treatments were imposed during gestation on 82 pregnant primiparous Rambouillet ewe lambs (52.2 ± 0.8 kg) allotted randomly to 1 of 6 treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. Factors were adequate (9.5 μg Se·kg BW(-1)·d(-1); ASe) or high (81.8 μg Se·kg BW(-1)·d(-1); HSe) levels of dietary Se (Se-enriched yeast) and maternal nutritional intake (100% of metabolizable energy [ME] requirement [MOD], 60% of MOD [LOW], and 140% of MOD [HIGH]). Selenium treatments were initiated at breeding and global nutritional treatments at day 50 of gestation. At parturition, lambs were removed from ewes before nursing and managed similarly. Glucose tolerance tests were performed at 107 and 148 d of age. Necropsies were performed at 180 d of age. Although there was no effect of Se on maternal body condition or weight during gestation, both maternal nutritional intake and selenium treatment influenced (P ≤ 0.04) offspring growth and response to a glucose tolerance test. Female lambs from HSe ewes were heavier (P = 0.04) at birth. There were nutritional intake and Se interactions (P ≤ 0.05) on the growth rate of the lambs and their insulin response to a glucose bolus at 2 different times during growth. By 180 d, ewe lambs from HSe ewes had more (P ≤ 0.07) internal fat stores than lambs from ASe ewes. It appears that both maternal nutritional level and Se intake can influence insulin sensitivity, and maternal Se intake alone can enhance fat deposition in female offspring.