雏鸡无鱼粉日粮饲喂效果

选用15日龄健康、体重相近的巴布考克B380蛋用雏鸡200只,随机分为试验组和对照组,分别饲喂有鱼粉日粮和无鱼粉日粮,研究两种日粮对雏鸡生长性能的影响。结果表明,两组间在均匀度、成活率、体重、胫长等指标没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。证明无鱼粉日粮饲喂蛋用雏鸡是可行的。     

红豆草粉对毛兔饲喂效果的研究

为充分利用草资源，降低饲料成本，本文采用了５种不同比例的红豆草粉日粮饲喂长毛兔，观测其日采食量和日增重结果。研究结果表明：各组间试兔的日采食量、日增重和累计产毛量的无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）；饲料转化率以３０％红豆草粉日粮组最佳；粗纤维消化率随日粮中红豆草粉比例的增加而增加。     

大熊猫日粮氨基酸表观消化率的研究

日粮氨基酸的摄取量与大熊猫体重呈正相关 ,体重高者 ,对日粮必须氨基酸的摄取量亦多 ;B组大熊猫对日粮总氨基酸和必需氨基酸摄取量高于A组。摄取总氨基酸量两组差异显著 (P <0 0 5) ;摄取必需氨基酸量两组差异极显著 (P <0 0 1 ) ;大熊猫单位体重对日粮总氨基酸和必需氨基酸摄取量 ,组内个体间无显著差异 (P >0 0 5)。     

高瘦肉型猪需要高瘦肉型日粮

正确的饲养可使高瘦肉型猪的遗传性得到提高,然而常规的营养需要量却与这些猪的潜力不相适应,尤其是各种维生素和常量矿物质的供给量不足。依阿华州立人学进行的研究工作表明,瘦肉型猪存在维生素和常量矿物质缺乏的问题。     

不同日粮饲喂生长期小尾寒羊增重效果试验

该试验用3月龄体重在20 kg左右小尾寒羊20只,随机分成2组,试验组采用按饲养标准配制的阶段式饲料配方,对照组采用农户传统式饲料配方,进行90 d饲养试验。增重分析结果表明:各组小尾寒羊均有明显增重,试验组羊平均日增重为197 g,对照组羊为118 g,试验组比对照组多增重79 g,提高67%,经统计检验,差异极显著(P<0.01)。利用小尾寒羊能量与蛋白质代谢规律模型,制订生长期小尾寒羊饲养标准,并以此标准配制不同日龄、不同体重的日粮饲喂小尾寒羊,与传统日粮饲喂小尾寒羊相比,不论从增重速度还是经济效益上其都具有极其明显的优势,按模型配制日粮在肉羊生产上具有很大的指导和推广价值。     

用无鱼粉日粮饲喂蛋种鸡

通过对罗曼蛋鸡父母代采用无鱼粉日粮和有鱼粉日粮的对比饲养试验，在饲养日产蛋率、种鸡淘死率、种蛋破损率、种蛋受精率、受精蛋孵化率及受精蛋中死率等六个指标上，无鱼粉日粮和有鱼粉日粮差异不显著，无鱼粉日粮比有鱼粉日粮的成本每公斤降低0.20元，完全可以采用无鱼粉日粮饲喂蛋种鸡。     

日粮中添加芦笋草粉代替部分麸皮饲喂产蛋鸡的效果试验

芦笋(Asparagus Otfinais Liun)又名石小柏、龙须菜，是百合科天门冬属多年生宿根草本植物，其嫩茎质地细腻，清香爽口，是一种营养成份丰富的供人食用的名贵蔬菜。而采笋后的副产品-芦笋茎叶秸杆，也含有较高的营养物质，根据测定的营养成份是：含粗蛋白质13%，粗脂肪5.8%，粗纤维42.5%，总灰分9.2%,钙1.75%\磷0.42%及18种必须氨基酸.近年来，随着国内外市场对芦笋需求量的增加和畅销，各地芦笋种植面积和产量则逐年增加，     

蛋鸡饲喂无鱼粉日粮的试验

蛋鸡饲喂无鱼粉日粮的试验曾慰玉，侯仲锥，薛南山永安市畜牧兽医站３６６０００无鱼粉配合饲料在饲料工业发达国家，六十年代就已应用于生产。我国近年来开始研究应用，并有试验报道，但其结果不尽相同。为此，我们在永安市某鸡场进行了蛋鸡饲喂无鱼粉日粮的试验，现将试...     

Limiting amino acids in an 11% crude protein corn-soybean meal diet for growing pigs

Three experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that methionine, isoleucine, valine or nitrogen either singly or in combination are limiting in an 11% crude protein, lysine-tryptophan-threonine-supplemented, corn-soybean meal diet for growing pigs. A 16% crude protein diet was used as a positive control in each experiment and all amino acid additions were made, at a minimum, to equal requirements. Average initial weights were 21.3 kg, 23.0 kg and 19.1 kg in Exp. 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The experiments averaged 4 wk in duration. In Exp. 1 and 2, neither the addition of glutamic acid as a source of nitrogen, nor methionine to the 11% diet resulted in any improvement (P greater than .20) in rate or efficiency of growth. Addition of the combination of isoleucine and valine to the 11% diet resulted in an increase (P less than .05) in both growth rate and feed efficiency to a level not different (P greater than .20) from that of the pigs consuming the positive control diet. The addition of valine to the 11% crude protein diet with supplemental lysine, tryptophan and threonine (Exp. 3) caused an improvement in daily gain (P less than .05) but not feed efficiency (P greater than .10). Isoleucine addition tended to reduce pig performance. The results of these experiments suggest that an 11% crude protein, corn-soybean meal diet fortified with lysine, tryptophan and threonine is not limiting in sulfur amino acids or nitrogen. Valine may be the only limiting amino acid.     

水解羽毛粉替代豆粕饲喂生长猪的效果研究

选用20kg左右的DLY生长猪64头,随机分为4个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复4头,分别饲喂基础日粮、添加2%、4%、6%水解羽毛粉（等蛋白替代豆粕）的日粮。结果表明,随着试验日粮中水解羽毛粉添加量的提高,试验猪的日采食量和日增重降低,而料肉比上升,并且6%处理组差异达到显著（P〈0.05）;各处理组的干物质表观消化率、蛋白质表观消化率和有机物表观消化率均差异不显著（P〉0.05）,而氮的表观生物学价值和净蛋白利用率随着水解羽毛粉添加量的提高明显降低,并且6%处理组的净蛋白利用率显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）和2%处理组（P〈0.05）;2%处理组的单位增重饲料成本较对照组降低0.20元/kg。     

Efficacy of a genetically modified yeast phytase on phosphorus bioavailability in a corn-soybean meal based diet for growing pigs

We investigated the efficacy of genetically modified yeast (GMY) phytase on phosphorus (P) bioavailability in growing pigs fed a corn–soybean meal based diet. Crossbred barrows were fed a P-adequate, a low-P or a P-deficient diet containing 0.37, 0.27 and 0.14% non-phytate-P, respectively. The P-deficient diet was supplemented with wild-type yeast (WTY), Aspergillus (ASP) or GMY phytase at 750 PU per kilogram of food. Dietary ASP and GMY phytases increased plasma inorganic P (P_i) concentration and the apparent absorption of P, and decreased the concentration of a bone resorption marker, plasma type-I collagen C-terminal telopeptide (ICTP). Wild-type yeast phytase also increased the apparent absorption of P, but the changes in plasma P_i and ICTP concentrations were not significant. Although the dietary P_i-equivalencies based on plasma P_i and ICTP concentrations did not differ between WTY and ASP phytases, the equivalency of ASP phytase based on apparent absorption of P was higher than that of WTY phytase. The equivalency of GMY phytase calculated from each parameter was higher than that of WTY phytase, and did not differ from that of ASP phytase. These results suggest that efficacy of GMY phytase on P bioavailability was higher than WTY phytase, and as effective as ASP phytase in growing pigs.     

Effect of inclusion of defatted grape seed meal in the diet on digestion and performance of growing rabbits

The digestion and nutritive value of defatted grape seed meal (DGSM) was investigated. A basal diet was formulated to meet requirements of growing rabbits. Another diet was formulated by substituting 15.2% of the basal diet with DGSM. Two hundred eight weaned 30-d-old rabbits were fed these diets, and fattening performance was recorded. Eighty animals were used to study the effect of DGSM inclusion on cecal fermentation traits and intestinal disaccharidase activity at two ages (5 and 35 d after weaning). Fecal apparent digestibility of nutrients was measured in 18 rabbits. A third diet was formulated to contain DGSM (61.3%) as the sole source of fiber and a supplement consisting of wheat flour, casein, lard, and a mixture of vitamins and minerals to avoid nutrient imbalances. This semipurified diet was used to determine cecal digestion traits, disaccharidase activity in the small intestine, fecal apparent digestibility of nutrients, and rate of passage in 70-d-old rabbits. Digestible energy and NDF and CP digestibilities of DGSM calculated by difference were 5.51 +/- 0.89 MJ/kg DM, 24.5 +/- 5.76%, and 46.8 +/- 14.9%, respectively. Inclusion of 15% of DGSM in the basal diet increased ADFI in finishing rabbits (from 9 to 15%; P < 0.05), so that DE intake increased although dietary DE concentration decreased. As a consequence, ADG increased by 3.3% in the whole fattening period (P = 0.046). The increase in ADFI was parallel to an 8% decrease in the weight of cecal contents (P = 0.059), and it was in agreement with the relatively short cecal mean retention time of DGSM (7.61 h) in the semipurified diet. Inclusion of 15% of DGSM in the basal diet did not affect (P > or = 0.20) mortality (10.1%) or cecal concentrations of VFA, NH3 N, or cecal pH either at 5 d (71.9 mM, 17.7 mM, and 5.75, respectively) or at 35 d after weaning (74.6 mM, 10.1 mM, and 5.66, respectively) but improved the sucrase activity in the ileum by 36% (P = 0.031). Digestibility of NDF of DGSM in the semipurified diet was 8.57%, which agrees with the low acidity and weight of cecal contents of animals fed this diet (6.26 and 3.63% BW, respectively). From these results, we conclude that DGSM has a relatively high DE concentration and its inclusion at moderate levels (15%) in the diet exerts a positive effect on ADFI, DE intake, and ADG with no impairment of cecal fermentation and mortality.     

非淀粉多糖酶对生长猪玉米-豆粕型饲粮养分表观消化率的影响

本试验研究了在玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加非淀粉多糖酶及α-半乳糖苷酶对生长猪饲粮干物质、粗蛋白质及能量表观消化率的影响。试验采用两个4×4拉丁方设计,选择平均体重为30kg左右的杜大长三元杂交健康去势公猪8头,共设8个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复1头。试验结果表明:添加非淀粉多糖酶组干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)和能量(GE)的表观消化率均有提高,且添加酶Ⅱ效果最显著;添加不同水平α-半乳糖苷酶组其干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)和能量(GE)的表观消化率也均有提高,但差异不显著(P0.05),且添加量为0.6g/kg组效果最好。     

Cassava root meal in diets for growing rabbits

The effects of substituting imported cassava root meal for barley meal in rations for growing rabbits were examined. Four diets were used. Diet 1 contained 500 g/kg barley meal, the remainder of the diet consisted of soya bean meal, barley straw, vitamins and minerals. Diets 2, 3 and 4 contained increasing amounts of cassava root meal in place of barley meal at 165, 335 and 500 g/kg respectively with L-lysine and DL methionine supplements. A growth trial was carried out using 48 individually caged rabbits from 0.8 kg to 2.0 kg and the digestibilities of the diets were determined in balance trials. Growth rates were similar on all treatments (41.6, 43.1, 40.6 and 41.0 g/d respectively, s.e.d. 2.39), as were dry matter food conversion ratios (2.27:1 overall). The cassava meal appeared to have a digestible energy approximately 1.6 MJ/kg DM higher than that of the barley meal. There appeared to be no adverse effects of feeding diets containing 500 g/kg cassava root meal on animal health. The intrinsic variability in chemical composition of cassava root products is discussed.     

饲粮中添加植酸酶对猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响

选用体重约30kg的杜长大三元杂交生长猪96头,随机分成4个处理组,每组6个重复,每重复4头猪,公母各半。A组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,B、C、D组为试验组(每千克饲粮分别以250、500、750U植酸酶取代基础饲粮中的40%、60%、80%磷酸氢钙)。以研究玉米-豆粕型饲粮中添加植酸酶对生长猪生长性能和血液生化指标的影响。42d的饲养试验结果表明:与对照组相比,B、C、D组的平均日增重分别提高了1.05%(P>0.05)、4.09%(P<0.05)、2.64%(P>0.05);料重比与对照组相比分别降低了2.18%、2.62%、1.75%;每千克增重的饲料成本分别是对照组的97.38%、97.03%和97.73%。血清中钙含量分别提高了4.22%、4.22%、8.12%(P<0.05);血清中磷含量分别提高了1.46%、0.36%、14.23%(P<0.05),其它生化指标各试验组间无明显差异。     

复合菌固态发酵棉籽粕工艺的初步研究

文章以枯草芽孢杆菌属、酵母菌属和乳酸菌属的6株菌为出发菌株,通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定了6株菌复合培养的最佳培养基配方为:糖蜜40 g/l、蛋白胨10 g/l、葡萄糖1 g/l、磷酸氢二钾0.5 g/l;并对复合菌固态发酵棉籽粕工艺条件进行了研究,确定了复合菌固态发酵棉籽粕的最适工艺条件为:料水比1:0.8,接种量为3%,发酵温度为30℃p,H值自然,发酵时间为48 h。在以上条件下,棉籽粕经过复合菌固态发酵后,物料的pH值降低到4.5以下,有益菌总数达到6.2×108 cfu/g,粗蛋白含量提高了1.76%,游离棉酚含量从618.52 mg/kg降低到274.16 mg/kg,降低了55.7%。     

Responses of non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes on digestibility and performance of growing pigs fed a diet based on corn, soya bean meal and Chinese double-low rapeseed meal

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of two distinct enzyme preparations on nutrients' digestibility and growth performance of growing pigs fed diets based on corn, soya bean meal and Chinese double-low rapeseed meal (DLRM). The two enzyme preparations were Enzyme R, a preparation extracted from fermentation of a non-GMO fungus Penicillum funiculosum, developed for multi-grain and multi-animal species; and Enzyme P, a xylanase preparation from Trichoderma longibrachiatum, for pigs fed corn-based diets only. Both enzymes were tested at 0, 0.25 and 0.50 g/kg feed using 70 crossbred male pigs (Large Yorkshire x Landrace) in five dietary treatments and seven replicates in each treatment, for growth period from 27 to 68 kg live weight in 49 days. Results showed that the supplementation of both enzymes (1) increased total-tract digestibility of dietary energy from 77.5% (control) to 81.4% (Enzyme R, p < 0.05) and 81.9% (Enzyme P, p < 0.05); of neutral detergent fibre from 41.0% (control) to 57.8% (Enzyme R, p < 0.05) and 60.0% (Enzyme P, p < 0.05); (2) improved average daily gain from 786 g (control) to 829 g (Enzyme R, p < 0.05) and 846 g (Enzyme P, p < 0.05); and numerical increases in feed intake from 1.96 kg/pig/day (control) to 2.01 (Enzyme R) and 2.00 (p > 0.05) and feed conversion ratio from 2.50 (control) to 2.42 (Enzyme R) and 2.36 (Enzyme P, p < 0.05); (3) there was a dose response but no significant differences were observed in enzyme efficacy between the two enzyme preparations. The present study demonstrated beneficial effects of applying xylanase-based enzymes to improve feeding values of pig diets based on corn, soya bean meal and DLRM.