四倍体刺槐茎段遗传转化体系优化的研究

利用携带pCAMBIA2300-beta质粒的根癌农杆菌GV3101对四倍体刺槐的茎段进行遗传转化,并从As用法、菌液的活化及低温预培养3方面对四倍体刺槐转化效率的影响进行研究,发现用As溶液对外植体伤口处进行浸泡处理可明显提高抗性芽的获得率,得到的转基因株系经PCR检测为阳性。     

四倍体刺槐的组织培养研究

本文对四倍体刺槐组织培养中的各种影响因素进行了试验分析 ,确定了最佳分化培养基和生根培养基的成分 ,并分析讨论了激素、光照、温度等因子在其培养中的作用及健化时的注意事项等 ,为四倍体刺槐的进一步快繁提供了科学依据     

四倍体刺槐及其繁殖技术

<正> 1　四倍体刺槐的特性 四倍体刺槐是北京林业大学良种繁育研究中心从国外引进的多倍体刺槐新品种,共5个无性系,分速生用材型和饲料型两个类型。经引进后栽培观察,四倍体刺槐与普通刺槐相比,无论其生长量,还是产叶量都具显著特点。速生用材型当年嫁接苗高可达3 m,地径4.5 cm,3年生树高6.5 m,胸径9.2 cm。组培苗第2年苗高可达3 m,地径2.5 cm以上。饲料型刺槐无刺,可培养成灌     

提高四倍体刺槐荒山造林成活率的试验

通过分析四倍体刺槐荒山造林成活率的试验,提出应用抗旱造林粉、壮苗深植、截干修枝等措施可明显提高四倍体刺槐荒山造林成活率。     

四倍体刺槐的繁育与推广

通过4a对四倍体刺槐新品种引种和繁育应用技术研究，总结出了其科学繁育的技术要点。四倍体刺槐以速生刺槐作砧木，采用硬枝劈接法，接穗用60mg／kg植物调节剂8号（GGR8）处理2h，嫁接苗平均成活率达到94.03％，当年生苗木平均高为2．8m，平均胸径为3cm。该项应用技术为长冶市大面积推广栽植四倍体刺槐提供了可靠的技术支撑。     

四倍体刺槐组织培养技术研究

四倍体刺槐Robinia pseudoacacia是我国引种驯化历史较久的外来树种,为人工诱交植株,分速生型和饲料型。与普通刺槐相比具有更强的适生能力,对土质要求不严格,耐干旱瘠薄,在海拔2 000 m以下、降水量不低于200 mm、年平均气温不低于3℃的地区均能生长。本实验对速生型四倍体刺槐进行了组织培养及健化技术的研究,在不定芽的诱导中,以MS、1／ 2(N)MS、LS、1／2(N)LS为基本培养基,在各培养基中,以MS+BAP0．2 mg／L+NAA0．05 mg／L的组合生长情况最好,但随着继代次数的增加,其细胞分裂素要逐步降低。在生根培养中,以1／2MS+NAA0．05 mg／L+IBAO．01 mg／L生根最好。在苗木健化中,其成活率达 73．4％。     

四倍体刺槐造林试验初报

金州区开展了速生型四倍体刺槐造林试验,结果表明:该树适应性强,耐干旱、耐瘠薄,在土壤粘重、水肥条件较差的地方均能生长,幼龄林生长量是普通刺槐的2倍。该树种可望成为辽南地区营造速生林和普通刺槐林更新改造的首选树种。     

四倍体刺槐扦插试验初报

利用不同的剪切方式及不同的激素处理对四倍体刺槐进行了夏季带叶嫩枝扦插试验 ,同时与普通刺槐和速生刺槐进行了对比。结果表明 :径切能明显促进插穗生根 ,激素IBA的处理效果较ABT生根粉和 91 1生根素好 ,而且四倍体刺槐本身的生根能力较普通刺槐和速生刺槐差。     

四倍体刺槐组织培养快速繁殖试验

以健壮母株当年生萌发枝条带腋芽茎段为外植体,采用正交试验研究了不同浓度的激素对外植体诱导分化的影响,筛选出愈伤组织最适诱导培养基为:MS 6 BA0 25mg·L-1 NAA0.1mg·L-1;增殖培养基为:MS 6 BA0.5mg·L-1 NAA0.05mg·L-1;生根培养基为:1/2MS IBA0.2mg·L-1 NAA0.2mg·L-1。     

四倍体刺槐与刺槐光合速率日变化差异

为了解四倍体刺槐与刺槐光合生理生态特性的差异,及生长的适宜生态条件,培育出优质高产的林木,采用LI—6400便携式光合测定系统对四倍体刺槐和刺槐的光合生理特性日变化进行了研究。结果表明:①四倍体刺槐的净光合速率(Pn)日变化呈"单峰"型曲线,最高峰值出现在10:30左右;刺槐的Pn日变化呈"双峰型"曲线,有明显的"午休"现象,第一个峰出现在9:00左右,第二个峰出现在15:00左右,第一个峰值明显高于第二个峰值。②Tr在很大程度上决定于气孔的活动状态。③四倍体刺槐的光合能力>刺槐。④四倍体刺槐与刺槐的Pn与Gs成极显著正相关,与Tr成显著性正相关。⑤刺槐对环境的适应能力强于四倍体刺槐。     

四倍体刺槐的性状表现及繁殖技术

四倍体刺槐是从韩国引进的饲料树种 ,与普通刺槐相比 ,其叶密集、肥厚 ,有效成分含量高 ,呈小乔木状。该树种作为畜牧饲料树种栽培 ,具有很高的经济效益和社会效益。该树种为四倍体 ,仅引进部分单株 ,现在苗源紧缺 ,制约了饲料林发展速度 ,为防止性状分离 ,须采用无性繁殖。 5年来 ,我们对四倍体刺槐进行了微体快繁等技术研究 ,并对有关的性状进行了观察对比 ,对其有效成分进行了取样化验。现将四倍体刺槐的性状及繁殖技术介绍如下。1　四倍体刺槐的性状及饲料成分1.1　四倍体刺槐性状四倍体刺槐为小乔木 ,一回羽状复叶 ,树皮褐色、粗糙 ,叶…     

Investigation of anti-salt stress on tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia

Tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia was used as a main test material and diploid R. pseudoacacia was used as the control. The indices of shape, physiology and biochemistry, photosynthesis and anatomic structure of the young plants were investigated under salt stress (NaCl and Na₂SO₄). The treatment time was 30 d with an interval time of 7 d. Before and after treatment, the indices were measured. Results show that: 1) the growth of diploid R. pseudoacacia inhibited an evident symptom of salt damage and the leaf moisture content was lower under salt stress than that of control. But the tetraploid R. pseudoacacia was contrary. 2) The relative electric conductivity and proline (Pro) of tetraploid R. pseudoacacia increased slightly and had no significant difference compared with its control, which was contrary to diploid R. pseudoacacia. At the same time, three protective enzymes including perocidase (POD), superoxide (SOD) and catalase (CAT) kept higher activities at a post stage of salt stress to tetraploid R. pseudoacacia, which enhanced its anti-salt characteristics. Diploid R. pseudoacacia was sensitive to salt and had contrary information. 3) Salt stress had little influence to photosynthesis of tetraploid R. pseudoacacia. The net photosynthetic rate (P _n) and intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) had no significant changes, but those of diploid R. pseudoacacia decreased singificantly. 4) After salt stress, the anatomic structure of tetraploid R. pseudoacacia had a positive reaction, including the palisade parenchyma of diachyma, was prolonged and arranged more tightly. The spongy parenchyma was shrunk and was arranged tightly, which was contrary with diploid R. pseudoacacia. These data demonstrate that tetraploid R. pseudoacacia had superior anti-salt performance. __________ Translated from Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(3): 654–663 [译自: 植物生态学报]     

人工刺槐林更新方式初探

本文通过对桥山林业局建庄林场人工刺槐林采取两种更新后的径流情况观测、研究,分析总结出人工刺槐林的最佳更新方式,为刺槐林更新改造提供参考。     

Establishment of a transgenic system in fast-growing black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.)

The AhDREB1 gene, cloned from Atriplex hortensis L., was transferred into black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) by an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The results suggest that stems of black locust sub-cultured in vitro for 20 d are suitable for genetic transformation. The optimum concentrations of kanamycin and cefotaxime were 30 and 150 mg.L-1, respectively. Impor-tant factors affecting the transformation efficiency were studied by means of a L9(34) orthogonal design. An effective system for ge-netic transformation in black locust was developed as follows: the stems were pre-cultured for 2 d, immersed in the Agrobacterium solution (OD6oo = 0.7) with 10 mg'L-1 acetosyringone for 21 min and then co-cultured for 2 d. The selection pressures, changing from low to high, could improve transformation efficiency. The transgenic plants were identified by a PCR method. The PCR results indicated that the AhDREB1 gene had been integrated into the genome of black locust and two lines of the transgenic plants were obtained.     

饲料型四倍体刺槐嫩枝扦插试验初报

根据四倍体刺槐自根能力弱的特点,利用其嫩枝进行全光喷雾扦插繁殖。在同等试验条件下,与匈牙利刺槐进行对比,经多种激素处理,结果表明:1 a生苗的嫩枝较2 a生苗的嫩枝易生根,匈牙利刺槐较四倍体刺槐易生根;用甘霖1号速蘸发根剂处理的效果最好,生根率可达60%~88%。     

四倍体刺槐硬枝扦插技术研究

探讨了激素处理、插条质量和扦插环境等因素对四倍体刺槐硬枝扦插繁殖效果的影响,摸索出一套提高硬枝扦插成活率的方法。     

刺槐AFLP分析体系的建立与优化

以10份刺槐种质资源为试材,通过对影响AFLP反应体系关键因素的优化,建立了刺槐AFLP分析的反应体系,即15ng/μL模板DNA在37℃下双酶切(MseI、EcoRI各0.15U/μL)2h,0.075U/μL T4DNA连接酶连接12h,连接产物、预扩增产物稀释10倍后扩增效果最佳。并利用该体系筛选出引物E+3/M+3,构建了刺槐种质资源的AFLP指纹图谱。     

栽培措施对四倍体刺槐生物量的影响

为了探索根龄、栽培密度和刈割方法对四倍体刺槐饲料林生物量及再生能力的影响,确定合理的饲料林栽培模式,对不同根龄、不同密度、不同刈割周期及留茬高度和不同刈割工具及刈割部位的当年生林分从总质量、叶质量等生物量指标方面进行了测量分析.结果表明:四倍体刺槐饲料林生物量随根龄的增长而增加;其合理的栽培密度为0.4 m×0.8 m...     

Artificial hybridization between Robinia pseudoacacia L. and R. pseudoacacia var. monophylla Carr.

Results regarding artificial cross- and self-pollination betweenRobinia pseudoacacia L. and R. pseudoacacia var. monophyllaCarr. are reported. Parental clones involved in a diallel matingscheme were selected according to leaf type phenotype and included(1) single-leaf type, (2) 25-leaf type, (3) three-leaf typeand (4) common Robinia. Artificial pollination proved to bea difficult and delicate procedure. A total of 33 pollinationswere made that resulted in the formation of 84 pods, of which24 developed fully and produced 65 seeds. Fifteen seeds weregerminated, resulting in the production of two putative fertilehybrids. The success of hybridization was assessed by geneticmarkers, while parental clones and hybrid progeny were assignedmultilocus genotypes. The mode of inheritance of the leaf typetrait was studied in open-pollinated families where the monophyllatype was the maternal parent. The study indicated that leaftype in the monophylla variety may be associated with majorgene effects.