猪场环境的消毒

1 场地 根据被污染的情况不同,采取不同处理方式.平时的预防消毒主要为经常清扫,保持场地清洁卫生,定期用一般性的消毒药喷洒即可.若发生了一般传染病,可将地面深翻30厘米左右,每平方米撒上漂白粉0.5～2.5千克,然后以水湿润、压平.如为水泥地面,则用消毒液仔细刷洗.场地被细菌芽孢污染后,应首先用1％漂白粉溶液或其他对芽孢有效的消毒药液喷洒,然后铲去表土,撒上漂白粉混合后将此表土深埋,如此重复1次即可.     

畜禽常用消毒药的使用

①烧碱。又称苛性钠，热水溶液可杀灭病毒，常用于病毒性疾病如猪瘟、口蹄疫污染的消毒，一般以5％的溶液或2％的热水溶液用于环境、用具、车、船等喷洒消毒。消毒前应先移出畜禽，消毒后期4h用清水冲洗饲槽、地面后才能放进畜禽。烧碱有较强的腐蚀性，人畜应避免与药液直接接触，不能用于刀、剪、衣服、毛巾的消毒。 ②漂白粉。一般配成10％～20％的混悬液，用于圈舍、食槽、车辆、排泄物的消毒，要现配现用。不能用于金属和纺织品消毒。作饮水消毒时，每100千克水，用漂白粉0．7g或漂白精2片，投入半小时即可使用。当发生疫病时，地面要深…     

农村圈舍消毒五注意

畜禽圈舍消毒对于预防畜禽疾病的发生具有很重要的作用,它可以杀灭圈舍中的病原微生物和寄生虫,防止畜禽发生传染病、寄生虫病和其它疾病。畜禽一般都在圈舍中食、宿、休息,粪尿都排泄在圈舍中,各种微生物和寄生虫容易滋生繁殖,若不及时清扫和定期消毒,病原微生物等就会大量繁殖,极易引起传染病等的发生。 一、注意打扫圈舍,清除污物。在消毒前应把圈舍中的粪尿、杂     

降低畜禽药物残留原则

1饲养管理原则 1．1预防为主原则 搞好圈舍卫生，改善畜禽生存环境。及时清除和处理粪便，及时更换垫草，圈舍定期消毒。饲养场要符合防疫要求，养殖场应建在无污染、少应激之处，养殖场要按标准设计和施工，做到光线充足、通风良好、防暑保温。其次要采用科学的免疫程序、用药程序、消毒程序、病畜禽处理程序，以预防疾病发生。畜禽一旦发病，要及时采取隔离、扑杀措施，以防疫情扩散。再次要定期进行药残监测。     

控制畜禽养殖场药物残留的几个关键环节

1 加强畜禽饲养及卫生管理 根据不同畜禽的不同生长阶段，加强饲养管理，提高畜禽的机体抵抗能力，防止畜禽发生疾病，减少用药机会。同时要加强饲养畜禽的兽医卫生管理工作，搞好圈舍卫生，改善畜禽的生存环境。及时清除和处理粪便，更换垫草，清洁圈舍，定期消毒，保持畜体卫生。     

消毒知识简介

消毒系指用化学的、物理的和生物的方法杀灭病原微生物。以此防制和消灭畜禽传染病,保障人民健康和进出口贸易的健康发展。一、消毒种类 1.预防消毒为了预防传染病的发生,畜禽栏舍、场地、用具和饮水等要定期消毒。收购的畜产品也必须进行消毒。     

怎样使用好畜禽消毒药品

消毒是预防和扑灭畜、禽传染病、消灭传染源的一项重要措施，尤其是目前防治禽流感的特殊时期，使用好消毒药品致关重要。消毒的方法有机械消毒、物理消毒学消毒和生物学消毒三类。消毒时应根据消毒对象(如禽舍、孵化器等)和病原体的种类(病毒、有芽胞的或无芽胞的细菌等)的不同选用不     

常用消毒药的选择与使用

烧碱(又名苛性钠、氢氧化钠)是一种强碱性高效消毒液，对病毒、细菌、芽胞均有很强的杀灭作用，也可杀灭某些寄生虫卵。其1％-2％的水溶液用于消毒圈舍、饲槽、用具、运输工具等；3％-5％的水溶液用于炭疽芽胞污染场地的消毒。烧碱对金属物品有腐蚀作用，消毒完毕要用水冲洗干净；对皮肤、被毛、黏膜、衣物有强腐蚀和损坏作用，使用时注意自身防护。对畜禽圈舍和食具消毒时，须空圈或移出动物，间隔半天用水冲洗地面、饲槽后方可让其入舍。     

如何使用好消毒药

在生产中,消毒药主要用于对器械、用具、畜禽圈舍、地面粪便、运输工具、皮毛、水、空气、畜禽活体的消毒。消毒药对于预防畜禽传染病的发生和蔓延具有重要作用,但在使用时应注意人、畜的安全。1微生物的敏感性不同的病原微生物,对消毒药的敏感性有明显的不同,例如病毒对碱和甲醛很敏感,而对酚类的抵抗力却很大,大多数的消毒药对细菌有作用,但对细菌的芽胞和病毒作用小,因此在消灭传染病时应考虑病原的特点,选用消毒药。2环境中有机物质的影响当环境中存在大量的有机物,如畜禽的粪、尿、炎性渗出物等,能阻碍消毒药直接与病原微生物接触,而影…     

畜禽圈舍常用消毒液的配制及使用

一、苛性钠溶液的配制：配成1％-3％的热溶液，对病毒性传染病污染的畜禽圈舍、运动场地、用具、车、船等消毒效果很好，但要注意对皮肤有腐蚀作用。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。