Brodifacoum poisoning in a dog

Abstract

Extract

Sir:- We have recently encountered a case of brodifacoum poisoning in a farm dog which had access to Talon WB* rodenticide. Brodifacoum, a new warmfarin-related anticoagulant, acts by depressing the production of factors II, VII, IX, and X in the coagulation cascade. The compound is reported to be less toxic to birds and domestic animals than it is to rats and mice.(4) Technical Bulletin. 1983. Rodenticide poisoning of domestic animals, ICI Tasman Ltd..  [Google Scholar] Few cases ofaccidental toxicity have been documented in the dog.(2) Stowe, CM., Metz, A.L., Arendt, T.D. and Schulman, J. 1983. Apparent brodifacoum poisoning in a dog. J.A. V.M.A., 182: 817–818.  [Google Scholar] (3) Sutherland, R.J. 1983. Suspected brodifacoum toxicity in a dog. Surveillance. (10), 1: 24–25.  [Google Scholar] We wish to draw to the attention of practitioners the possibility of accidental brodifacoum poisoning, despite the relatively high median lethal dose of 24 g of bait per kg of bodyweight for the dog.     

Naproxen poisoning in a dog

Extract

Madam:– Naproxen, marketed under the trade-name “Naprosyn”, is a propionic acid derivative related to the arylaeetic acid class of drugs and unrelated to the salicylates and the corticosteroid hormones. It is used in humans as an antiinflammatory agent, particularly in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and primary dysmennorrhoea.     

Brodifacoum poisoning in a dog

A case of brodifacoum poisoning is described in a six-year-old male Kelpie cross working dog. The clinical features were severe exercise intolerance, haemorrhage from the oral and nasal cavities, dyspnoea and pale mucous membranes. Diagnosis was confirmed by demonstrating an abnormally long whole blood clotting time. The dog was treated successfully by administering 1 litre of whole blood intravenously, intramuscular vitamin K1 and a three week course of oral vitamin K3. Experience at the Massey University Small Animal Clinic and Hospital has indicated that poisoning of dogs with the newer long acting anticoagulant rodenticides is becoming more common.     

Fatal diphenhydramine poisoning in a dog

We report a fatal diphenhydramine poisoning of a 10-year-old, male poodle-cross dog with pre-existing conditions and suspected co-ingestion of ethanol. This case illustrates that diphenhydramine overdose can be fatal in certain circumstances and that analytical toxicology may play an important role in animal death investigations.     

Acute zinc poisoning in a dog

Zinc-induced haemolytic anaemia was diagnosed in a young dog. The origin of the zinc intoxication was the ingestion of a toy material which contained a high percentage of zinc. The level of zinc in the liver and kidneys was resp. 1050 and 1320 ppm.     

Accidental colchicine poisoning in a dog

A 14-month-old toy poodle-cross was presented, after ingesting the owner's colchicine medication, with severe gastrointestinal disturbances and in shock. Despite aggressive medical management, the patient was euthanized approximately 24 hours after the ingestion. The clinical features, treatment, and necropsy findings of colchicine poisoning are discussed.     

Paraquat poisoning in a dog and cat.

Paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridylium dichloride) has in the last decade gained popularity as an effective weedicide. It is marketed for commercial use as a liquid concentrate Gramoxone ICI (20% paraquat). Accidental or intentional ingestion of Gramoxone has caused 232 human deaths between 1964 and 1973 (Anon 1974). Most human patients suffer transient renal and hepatic insufficiency and pulmonary oedema followed after a latent period by progressive pulmonary fibrosis leading to death from respiratory failure (Harrison 1972). The clinical features of non-fatal paraquet poisoning in a cat and the clinical and pathological findings in fatal poisoning in a dog are reported.