空肠弯曲菌致病机理研究进展

空肠弯曲菌病是世界范围广泛流行的人兽共患病,在公共卫生学上具有重要意义。空肠弯曲菌通过鞭毛上的粘附素特异性介导与感染细胞粘附和害居。空肠弯曲菌为革兰氏阴性菌,具有内毒素活性,主要通过ＬＰＳ起作用。ＬＰＳ可诱导多种细胞因子,后者介导内毒素对机体的损伤,引起相应病理变化。     

空肠弯曲菌毒力因子研究进展

空肠弯曲菌(Campylobacter jejuni)是世界范围内广泛流行的人畜共患病,在公共卫生学上具有重要意义。空肠弯曲菌可引发人和多种动物疾病,其抗原结构复杂,致病机理尚不清楚。作者通过对空肠弯曲菌可能的毒力因子及其在致病中的作用作一简要概述,为空肠弯曲菌的诊断防治提供依据。     

空肠弯曲菌的致病性及防治研究进展

空肠弯曲菌(Campylobacter jejuni)是重要人兽共患细菌性肠道病原菌,该菌抗原结构复杂,在公共卫生学上具有重要意义。空肠弯曲菌感染可引起人和动物多种疾病,其主要致病机制为黏附、侵袭、定植以及产生毒素,被污染的食物或饮水进入人或动物体内后,首先通过胃酸屏障进入小肠,之后黏附并侵入肠道上皮细胞,同时释放多种毒素引起细胞毒作用。近年来对空肠弯曲菌的毒力因子检测及其致病机理研究都有了较多报道。论文针对空肠弯曲菌对人和不同动物的致病性进行总结、并对其致病机制相关的五大系统进行分类及对其防治研究进行综述,以期为更好地防治空肠弯曲菌病提供理论依据。     

空肠弯曲菌耐药机制研究进展

空肠弯曲菌是一种全球关注的人兽共患病病原菌,由于滥用抗生素而造成其耐药性不断增强,成为公共卫生日益关注的问题.各类抗生素作用位点的基因突变是诱发空肠弯曲菌对各类临床常用的抗生素产生耐药的主要原因,同时细菌对药物的外排机制也在其对抗生素耐药过程中发挥了一定的作用.文章对空肠弯曲菌对各类临床常用抗生素的耐药机制做一综述.     

空肠弯曲菌保存方法的研究

本文研究了１５株不同菌株和同一菌株在不同保存温度和培养基中的保存效果，结果表明：用同一菌株作该菌保存方法研究缺乏整体代表性；在所试的两种冰冻温度中，以－２５℃极显著地优于－１０℃保存（Ｐ＜０．０１）。在－２５℃下冻融１次保存该菌是最佳保存条件，于Ｐ－基、ＦＭＰＧ和ＭＳＧ培养基中，菌株１００％存活的期限分别为１２个月以上、６～９个月间（ＦＭＰＧ和ＭＳＧ），菌株５０％存活的期限三者均在１２个月以上。     

应用PCR技术检测空肠弯曲菌及结肠弯曲菌的研究

本研究根据空肠弯曲菌及结肠弯曲菌的16s rRNA基因相同保守序列来设计引物,建立了一种PCR检测方法,该方法具有较强的特异性及灵敏性,其对空肠弯曲菌及结肠弯曲菌的最低检测限度为5 CFU/mL,它无需增菌培养过程可以直接对样品进行检验,在对鸡肉样品空肠弯曲菌及结肠弯曲菌的检测中取得了较好的效果.     

猪空肠弯曲菌感染的防治

猪空肠弯曲菌感染是在养猪场常见的一种传染性疾病。病猪在发病后表现为严重的腹泻和脱水等症状,严重的病猪会死亡。给养猪场造成严重的经济损失。本文针对本病进行概括和归纳,可供养殖场参考。     

猪空肠弯曲菌感染的防治

猪空肠弯曲菌是一种常见的传染性病原菌,其感染后能够引起猪的严重腹泻和脱水症状,严重时会发生病猪死亡的情况。在猪场时有发生,给养猪场造成严重的经济损失。本文介绍了猪空肠弯曲菌感染的流行病学、临床症状、病理变化和诊断方法,并针对性地提出防治措施,供养猪场参考。     

鸡空肠弯曲菌的分离鉴定

自哈尔滨地区某疑似空肠弯曲感染鸡场随机取５０份２０周龄蛋鸡新鲜粪便样本，用改良Ｃａｍｐ－ＢＡＰ培养基分离培养，经一系列生化试验鉴定，有１１株分离培养物为空肠弯曲菌，分离率为２２％。     

空肠弯曲杆菌鞭毛的研究进展

空肠弯曲杆菌是一种人畜共患的食物源性病原菌,可引起人和动物细菌性腹泻,且该菌的感染率逐年递增。鞭毛是细菌菌体的一种特殊结构,与菌体的运动性密切相关,有助于其躲避有害环境,同时鞭毛在细菌的致病性等方面也起着重要作用。研究发现,空肠弯曲杆菌的发病机制与鞭毛在宿主上皮细胞的定植力、黏附、侵袭力及毒素的产生密切相关。文章概述了空肠弯曲杆菌鞭毛结构、功能、调控机制及相关基因等方面的研究进展,通过归纳总结已知基因缺失突变对鞭毛的影响,从分子水平了解鞭毛的调控机制,从而探讨空肠弯曲杆菌的致病机理,以期为降低其感染率提供理论依据。     

空肠弯曲杆菌感染流行病学研究进展

空肠弯曲杆菌是一种人畜共患病原菌，可以引起人和动物发生各种疾病，并且是一种食物源性病原菌，被认为是引起全世界人类细菌性腹泻的主要原因。本文就空肠弯曲杆菌病原学、传染源、传播途径、感染范围、致病性以及治疗方法的研究进展作一概述。     

空肠弯曲杆菌生物学特性及分型技术研究新进展

Campylobacter jejuni (C.jejuni) is a major pathogen of human campylobacteriosis, as well as one of the major food-borne pathogen. It can not only cause human diarrhea, but also cause many systemic diseases such as endocarditis, arthritis, septisis. The most serious complication it can cause is the Guillain Barre syndrome. In developed countries, C.jejuni even has a trend to excess Salmonella and be reported as next Salmonella, which has caused a worldwide concern. Analysis of biological characteristics for C.jejuni can help us to distinguish it with other pathogens. Typing methods play important roles in the identification, monitoring and prevention of C.jejuni. It can also help us to understand its virulence and resistance mechanisms to C.jejuni. This paper reviews advances of C.jejuni in biological characteristics, serotyping and genotyping methods so as to help us further understand its new progress in these areas.     

空肠弯曲杆菌耐药性及其主要相关基因初步分析

从307份鸡盲肠内容物样品中分离到47株空肠弯曲杆菌,并测定这些空肠弯曲杆菌耐药性,结果显示对喹诺酮类药(环丙沙星)耐药性为31.9%;对氨苄青霉素,克林霉素和红霉素耐药性较高,分别达到85.1%、83.0%和83.0%;而对痢特灵和庆大霉素则较为敏感,敏感度分别为85.1%和74.5%。有89.4%的菌株显示多重耐药性。利用MAMAPCR技术,对获得的47株空肠弯曲杆菌进行检测,结果显示对环丙沙星耐药的15株空肠弯曲杆菌均检测出其在gyrA基因257位发生点突变,30株对喹诺酮药物敏感的菌株均未检出。另外2株对环丙沙星耐药的菌株,有1株检测出点突变。     

Prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and its resistance to antibiotics in poultry in the Czech Republic

Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp., in particular Campylobacter jejuni, are among the most frequently identified pathogens, found to be causing human gastrointestinal infections in Europe, with the Czech Republic being no exception. The presented work aimed at assessing results of the first nationwide monitoring of prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter spp. in broiler flocks in the Czech Republic, including a comparison of antibiotic resistance of C. jejuni isolates collected from poultry and the human community. The monitoring was carried out in poultry slaughterhouses in 2006 and 2007. From broilers, cloacal swabs were collected and examined. The human isolates of C. jejuni were acquired from rectal swabs in community patients with diarrhoeal diseases. Suspected isolates of both animal and human origin were confirmed by the PCR methods. Antibiotic resistance to selected anti-microbial agents was tested by the microdilution method. In the monitored period, the prevalence of thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. in broilers in the Czech Republic reached almost 50%. In 2006, C. jejuni was detected in 46% and Campylobacter coli in 3% of the tested samples. In 2007, C. jejuni was found in 43% and C. coli in 2% of the samples. The results of anti-microbial susceptibility testing of C. jejuni showed higher resistance in animals when compared with humans. The only exception was tetracycline with higher resistance in isolates of human origin. The highest resistance detected was to quinolone antibiotics. Resistance to oxolinic acid was 77% in animal and 60% in human isolates, to ciprofloxacin 72% in isolates from poultry and 55% in those from humans. In ampicillin, 26% of poultry isolates and 16% of human isolates were resistant. Moreover, 9% of animal isolates demonstrated resistance to streptomycin, undetected in human isolates. In erythromycin, resistance was found in 6% of poultry and 1% of human isolates.     

动物源性空肠弯曲杆菌耐药性地域差异性分析

从上海家禽批发市场采集鸡盲肠内容物样品,分离到47株空肠弯曲杆菌,从上海屠宰场采集猪盲肠内容物样品,分离到99株空肠弯曲杆菌,分别测定分析了这些空肠弯曲杆菌耐药性; 通过对不同产地鸡源空肠弯曲杆菌耐药性状况比较结果显示,江苏南通、江苏海门和浙江金华分离到的鸡源空肠弯曲杆菌对9种抗生素(见表1)都有不同程度的耐药性,对万古霉素、红霉素和氨苄青霉素的耐药性达到100%。江苏海门、上海崇明和浙江温岭、金华等地的菌株分别对克林霉素和氨苄青霉素显示了高耐药性,分别达到90%、100%;通过对不同产地猪源空肠弯曲杆菌耐药性状况比较结果显示,山东莘县分离到的猪源空肠弯曲杆菌对9种抗生素都有不同程度的耐药性,对万古霉素、红霉素、克林霉素和氨苄青霉素的耐药性达到80%以上。河南孟津和安徽淮北分离到的猪源空肠弯曲杆菌对除头孢拉定之外的8种抗生素都有不同程度的耐药性,对氨苄青霉素的耐药性达到100%。结果显示动物源性空肠弯曲杆菌耐药性存在明显的地域差异性。