刨花楠扦插繁殖中POD、CAT的测定

刨花楠是一具有广泛用途的优良常绿阔叶树种,也是一种园林绿化树种,观赏价值很高。通过对刨花楠扦插繁殖试验数据统计分析,分析不同处理对植物过氧化氢酶及过氧化物酶含量的影响,以找出最适合于该植物扦插繁殖的因素水平组合。     

IBA对四种樟科植物绿枝扦插生根的影响

阴香、刨花楠、香叶树和樟树是常见的园林绿化树种,具有较高的观赏价值和经济用途。为阴香、刨花楠、香叶树和樟树苗木的快速繁殖提供理论依据,以阴香、刨花楠、香叶树、樟树的1 a生半木质化枝条为材料,研究不同浓度IBA对其绿枝扦插生根的影响。结果表明,阴香、刨花楠、香叶树和樟树生根能力差异显著,IBA能够显著促进四种樟科植物插穗生根（p<0.05）,但不同树种最适IBA浓度不同。阴香、香叶树和刨花楠插穗生根最适IBA浓度为2000 mg·L-1,生根率分别为84.95%、78.26%和78.16%,根数分别为6.33、1.33和10.17,根长分别为17.90cm、4.42cm和4.32cm。樟树插穗生根最适IBA浓度为3000 mg·L-1,生根率（85.42%）和根数（9.67）达到最大。由隶属函数综合评价得出4个树种生根效果,香叶树的隶属函数均值最大（0.56）,生根效果最好,其次是樟树（0.54）和阴香（0.53）,均值较小的是刨花楠（0.46）,生根效果最差。     

火力楠和刨花润楠接种AM菌应用研究

利用5个AM菌根真菌接种乡土阔叶树种火力楠和刨花润楠苗木,种植4个月后观测AM菌根菌对两种树种生长和保存率的影响。结果表明:两种树种接种AM菌对其树高生长和保存率都有不同程度的提高,火力楠的菌根效应较刨花润楠显著,苏格兰球囊霉90036菌株、地表球囊霉9004菌株和木薯球囊霉3008菌株适用于火力楠小苗接种,而刨花润楠有待筛选更适合该树种的优良菌种或菌株。     

刨花润楠的优良特性及栽培技术

指出了刨花润楠的材质较好,而且树种的适应性较强,在我国广西桂北地区有着广泛的种植,该树种对于广西地区的生态环境改善和产业结构调整有重大的作用。从刨花润楠的特性入手,首先分析了刨花润楠的优良特性,然后研究了刨花润楠的栽培技术,希望可以借此给相关的研究提供一定的参考意见。     

广西珍贵树种名录（连载）

刨花润楠 刨花润楠是高经济价值珍贵树种,又名刨花、刨花楠。刨花润楠枝、干、根富含粘液,民间妇女用其木材刨成薄片泡水产生的粘液做头发定型水。枝、干可作润发剂、     

刨花润楠栽培技术及发展前景

指出了刨花润楠是广西珍贵乡土树种之一,以材质好、树形优美、适应性强的优良特性被广泛应用。当前刨花润楠的栽培技术较为成熟,对改善广西生态环境、调整树种结构、林业的发展意义重大,同时刨花润楠具有很高的利用价值,可以提取药物、作为建筑材料等,因此有良好的发展前景。针对刨花润楠的栽培技术进行了详细分析,并展望了刨花润楠的发展前景,以供参考。     

刨花楠、花梨木、乐东拟单性木兰嫩枝扦插繁殖试验

对刨花楠、花梨木、乐东拟单性木兰3树种当年生半木质化嫩枝采用不同生根促进剂及浓度的扦插试验表明:3树种的嫩枝扦插成活率、生根率、生根系数、生根数量及根长等生根性状均有显著差异,不同树种对各生根剂及浓度反应不一,3树种较佳的处理组合是:刨花楠:ABT3生根剂,浓度500 mg·kg-1,可使扦插成活率达56.7%,生根率达56.7%,平均根数为6.7条, 平均最长根长9.2cm;花梨木:IBA生根剂,浓度为100 mg·kg-1,可使扦插成活率达53.3%,生根率达53.3%,平均根数为4.6条,平均最长根长为14.2cm;乐东拟单性木兰:NAA生根剂,浓度为100 mg·kg-1,可使扦插成活率达76.7%,生根率达53.6%,平均根数为3.2条,平均最长根长为6.4cm.     

湖北省刨花润楠发展现状

刨花润楠是一种综合利用价值高的珍贵特色用材树种,对其进行开发利用有助于缓解珍贵用材供需矛盾,促进产业健康发展。本文阐述了刨花润楠的开发利用价值、适生区域与研究现状,分析总结湖北省发展存在的问题,并提出相应建议,为湖北省刨花润楠的开发利用提供理论参考。     

基于AHP法的润楠属树种观赏性评价

为了从润楠属植物筛选出具有较好景观价值的优良树种并建立润楠属植物观赏价值的评价体系,利用AHP法建立评价模型,从花、叶、果及其他4方面选择了春色叶颜色、树形等10个指标对11种华南地区常见的润楠属植物进行评价。结果表明,各树种的观赏性综合得分区间为4.3395～2.6370,11种润楠属植物可分为3个等级:刨花润楠、广东润楠、黄心树为Ⅰ级,浙江润楠、短序润楠、绒毛润楠、黄绒润楠、柳叶润楠为Ⅱ级,粗壮润楠、木姜润楠、龙眼润楠为Ⅲ级。     

刨花润楠扦插繁殖技术研究

为探索不同基质、生长激素及不同浓度、浸泡时间对刨花润楠扦插生根的影响程度,采用4因素3水平正交试验设计,在位于广西桂林的中国科学院广西植物研究所温室内进行了扦插育苗试验。以生根率、生根数、平均根长、根鲜重为扦插生根效果的评价指标,构建生根效果指数,评价总的生根效果。结果表明:对生根效果指数影响最大的是扦插基质,浸泡时间第二,激素种类第三,激素浓度影响最小,其中扦插基质对生根效果指数的影响达到极显著水平(P0.01)。当以IBA为扦插激素,浓度为500 mg/L,穗条浸泡时间2 min,黄土为扦插基质时,刨花润楠的生根效果最好。     

红叶石楠扦插繁殖和栽培技术

红叶石楠是一种很有开发前景的景观绿化树种,也是很好的绿篱植物。试验、总结了红叶石楠从扦插到栽培各环节的主要技术要点,对生产实践具有借鉴意义。     

小陇山不同灌木林地改造模式林分树种多样性研究

生物多样性研究已经成为生态学研究的热点,而维持物种多样性是目前森林经营研究的一个主要内容。本文运用点抽样方法研究了甘肃小陇山5种不同的灌木林地改造模式的树种多样性。结果表明:带状割灌改造模式林分的树种较全面清理割灌模式丰富,Shannon-Wiener指数与Margalef指数较高,林分的树种多样性较高,林分内各树种分配较为均匀,带状割灌改造更有利于提高林分的树种多样性;在3种全面清理割灌改造模式中,改造日本落叶松模式虽然树种数与其它2种相同,但林分内树种分配均匀性差,集中性高。不同的改造模式对林分树种多样性的影响不同,这对提高和保持改造林分的物种多样性具有一定借鉴意义。     

采伐干扰下次生林灌木层主要树种的生态位动态

为探讨采伐干扰下的灌木层主要树种的生态适应性,用Levins、Schoener和Pianka等生态位测度公式定量分析闽北天然次生林采伐后灌木层主要树种生态位动态。结果表明:样地中黄绒润楠和刺毛杜鹃的生态位最大,属优势树种;甜槠、石栎和映山红为衰退树种,在林分生产作业中需加以保护。采伐干扰促进了灌木层主要树种的生态位释放,各树种的生态位宽度在伐后10~15 a达到峰值,随后下降,伐后20 a接近于未采伐林的生态位;各树种弱度和中度择伐的生态位宽度值约占其生态位宽度总值的50%。生态位重叠值在伐后10 a最大,随后下降,到伐后20 a趋于稳定状态。因此灌木层主要树种生态位的最优期为伐后10~15 a,最佳采伐干扰强度为弱度和中度择伐。     

攀西安宁河谷南抗杨、四季杨引种试验初报

南抗杨和四季杨是近年来选育出的速生树种新品种 ,我们于 2 0 0 1年在攀西地区首次引种进行扦插和造林试验。结果表明 :两树种在攀西地区安宁河流域 1 5 0 0～ 2 1 0 0m河谷地段适应性强、生长旺盛。但南抗杨扦插生根能力高于四季杨和滇杨 ,2a生南抗杨幼树根径生长量高于四季杨 2 2 1 % ,其高生长量大于四季杨的 30 3% ,2a生幼树根生物产量高于四季杨的 5 0 3%。两树种在安宁河流域能较好地适生 ,可以大面积推广。     

豆科树种无性快速繁殖技术研究与进展

豆科树种目前已广泛应用于荒山绿化、饲用及观赏。文中从扦插(嫩枝扦插、硬枝扦插、根插)，组织培养等方面综述了豆科树种无性快速繁殖技术的研究和进展。指出目前豆科树种嫩枝扦插技术研究还局限在对某一树种繁殖途径的探索阶段；硬枝扦插技术研究较为系统和深入，对不同树种扦插生根的影响因素有了比较深入的了解，并因此建立起较为成熟的技术体系；根插方法简单，成活率高，但是研究普遍较少；豆科树种组织培养虽较为困难，但某些树种也已经建立起了较为完善的再生体系。此外，还对豆科树种快速繁殖的生理基础研究进行了讨论，建议加大对豆科树种快速繁殖技术和生理机制的研究力度，为解决优良种质资源快速扩繁奠定基础。     

Effects of selection cutting on the forest structure and species diversity of evergreen broa-leaved forest in northern Fujian, southern China

The short-term effects of selection cutting of different intensities on the forest structure and species diversity of evergreen broad-leaved forest in northern Fujian Province were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that selection cutting of low and medium intensities caused little variation in the forest structure. After cutting, the dominant species retained their leading status in the community. However, the community structure changed significantly following selection cutting of high and extra-high intensities; the status of the dominant species of the community declined dramatically. Some tree species began to disappear from the sampling plots. Except for extra-high intensity cutting, the diversity of tree species did not change significantly for the other three cutting intensities. However, the evenness of the stands was very different among the four kinds of cutting plots. For low and medium intensity selection cutting, the evenness declined slightly. For extra-high intensity selection cutting, the evenness increased to some extent, which might be due to a more even distribution of tree species after cutting. Cutting operations resulted in some adverse reactions to development of arborous species diversity of evergreen broad-leaved forest, particularly serious damage to the forest canopy. But the rational selection cuttings, which may benefit the restoration and maintenance of species diversity over a long period and may come about from the variations in environmental factors such as sunlight, temperature and humidity.     

Effects of selection cutting on the forest structure and species diversity of evergreen broad-leaved forest in northern Fujian, southern China

The short-term effects of selection cutting of different intensities on the forest structure and species diversity of evergreen broad-leaved forest in northern Fujian Province were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that selection cutting of low and medium intensities caused little variation in the forest structure. After cutting, the dominant species retained their leading status in the community. However, the community structure changed significantly following selection cutting of high and extra-high intensities;the status of the dominant species of the community declined dramatically. Some tree species began to disappear from the sampling plots. Except for extra-high intensity cutting, the diversity of tree species did not change significantly for the other three cutting intensities. However, the evenness of the stands was very different among the four kinds of cutting plots. For low and medium intensity selection cutting, the evenness declined slightly. For extra-high intensity selection cutting, the evenness increased to some extent,which might be due to a more even distribution of tree species after cutting. Cutting operations resulted in some adverse reactions to development of arborous species diversity of evergreen broad-leaved forest, particularly serious damage to the forest canopy. But the rational selection cuttings, which may benefit the restoration and maintenance of species diversity over a long period and may come about from the variations in environmental factors such as sunlight, temperature and humidity.     

我国林木扦插基质研究现状与展望

文中从常用基质类型、基质的理化性质、基质的配比以及基质对插穗生根和生长的影响等4个方面综述了我国林木扦插基质的研究现状。用作林木扦插的基质可分为有机和无机2大类型,常用的有蛭石、珍珠岩、泥炭、河沙、椰糠、黄心土等。目前对常用基质的理化性质的研究缺乏系统性,还不能满足标准化、规模化、工厂化生产基质的要求;对基质和其他影响插穗生根因素的交互作用以及基质影响插穗生根的机制研究不够深入,缺乏主要林木扦插基质的标准性状参数,还未能找到很好的泥炭替代品。今后应加强基质理化性质、基质同其他影响扦插生根因子交互效应、珍稀树种和品种适宜基质以及泥炭替代品等4个方面的研究,以期为最终形成一套基质标准化生产和选择配制的理论体系并应用于生产提供参考。     

An alternative management regime of selection cutting for sustaining stand structure of mixed forests of northern Japan: a simulation study

In uneven-aged conifer–broadleaved mixed forests in Hokkaido, northern Japan, single-tree selection cutting has been a common management practice since the early twentieth century. This practice is expected to produce timber without major changes in stand structure or tree species composition. The demographic response of forests to this practice has often been unexpected, and degradation of stand properties has been widely observed. We propose here a sustainable management regime of selection cutting, based on an individual-based forest dynamics simulation model, SORTIE-ND. Our simulations, based on demographic data from 15 long-term monitoring stands, suggest that selection cutting using a lower cutting intensity together with a longer rotation period and reduced removal of small trees and conifer species is more appropriate than traditional systems in terms of maintaining stand structure and tree species composition, as well as being profitable financially. Supplemental regeneration practices, which can counter accidental mortality incurred during harvesting operations, would also be necessary to ensure tree recruitment.