An Expert System for Design of Shotcrete and Bolting Support and Its Engineering Application

On the basis of the achivements of home and abroad,a study and fabrication of multi- module and multi- function intelligent design soft ware SBSDES has been completed successfully.The ES has been expounded systematically in the paper,such as knowledge- base, data- base,reasoning mechanism,graph function and user interface ,and so on.Finally,the SBSDES is used for design two roadways.The industrial tests show that SBSDES is scientific and practical.     

Analysis on Interfacial Stress Between Surrounding Rock and Shotcrete Lining

According to the characteristics of interfacial stress between surrounding rock and shotcrete support, mechanical model of composite curved beame for support system of tunnel surrounding rock and shotcrete lining was established, considering the interfacial deformation coordination and the effects of bearing arch of surrounding rock. Then from static equilibrium of two differential elements, the differential equations for the radial displacement of composite curved beam were obtained. All analytic formulas of both interfacial stress and internal forces between surrounding rock and shotcrete lining by arbitrary distribution load were derived. And thus the mechanical condition of interface zone and the stress concentration position were obtained, which is convenient to assess the stability of surrounding rock and predict the safety. Finally, the analysis of tunnel project excavated by bench method showed that shotcrete lining made the formation of compressive stress zone in surrounding rock by transferring stress from the interface between surrounding rock and shotcrete, which is beneficial to improve the stability of surrounding rock.     

Bolt shotcrete support and small pipe groutingtechnology used in treating tunnel collapse

Bolt shotcrete support and small pipe grouting technology are two important elements in the new Austrian tunneling method. We explore the application of bolt shotcrete support and small pipe grouting technology in treating the Huanshanping Span Tunnel col     

Experimental Study on Drying Coefficient of Noodle

In this paper, the characteristics of noodle in different stages during drying process are analysed. And the influence of thermal parameters of dry media on drying process are studied by a series of experiments. On the basis of the experimental results, the methods are introduced for calculating the drying coefficient K, and the different drying coefficients obtained from part of the experimental conditions are given.     

A Visco-plastic Model of Magnetorheological Materials

Magnetorheological materials are a class of smart materials whose reological properties may be rapidly varied by application of magnetic field. By a simple mechanical mold, a visco-plastic model for the materials is developed. It is shown that the model can describe the variation of the mechanical properties for the Magnetorheological materials in the different magnetic field. The result is shown that the model can characterize the mechanical properties of Magnetorheological Materials in plastic and viscous variation.     

利用啤酒中试设备进行研究型开放性实验的探索与实践

为深化以啤酒中试设备为平台的实验教学改革,全面提高大学生综合能力,满足社会对食品专业应用型人才的需求,设计并实施研究型开放性实验的教学模式,取得一定实验教学效果和经验。     

可追溯性生鲜果品的电子商务营销模式分析

随着信息技术的不断发展,网络影响人的生活越来越大,电子商务应运而生。本文通过分析可追溯性生鲜果品发展的潜力和电子商务在生鲜果品营销中的应用现状,将传统营销模式与电子商务模式进行比较,提出了做好可追溯性生鲜果品电子商务营销模式的策略。     

Experimental Study on Liquid Sterilization by High-pressure Gas

In order to study the principle of liquid sterilization by high-pressure gas,the Orthogonal experiment based on the value index of time,pressure,solution concentration and sterilizing medium was conducted.The experimental results confirm the rupture mechanism by comparing the rate of inactivation among the different medium.The dissolved CO_2's acidity has no influence on the rate of sterilization.It also show that the rate of sterilization will increase when time,solution concentration and pressure raise.     

棉花群体干物质生产与分配的数学模型研究

在１９９１～１９９３年棉花高产优质与生态环境因子关系研究的基础上，利用作物生长模拟分析的方法和大量试验资料及相关的气象资料，建立了棉花群体干物质生产与分配的数学模型。该模型包括：叶面积动态，光合生产，干物质积累和分配子模型。所建模型经检验，具有较好的模拟性能，可用于指导棉花生产。     

监测采样间隔对作物模型性能的影响研究

为了获得不同监测采样间隔对作物生长模型的影响规律,避免现有研究和应用中存在的主观性或随意性,以番茄叶片蒸腾速率和CO2交换率为对象,采用3 种采样间隔数据及2 种常用方法进行建模、预测和比较研究。研究结果显示,在15、30、60 min的监测采样间隔下,番茄叶片蒸腾速率模型和CO2交换率模型的预测误差是不同的,GA-BP神经网络模型的预测能力普遍优于纯二次回归模型,但两者的结论是一致的,即对蒸腾速率和CO2交换率而言,最合适的监测采样间隔分别为30 min和15 min。本研究结果为监测采样间隔的设定、试验数据的选取和建模方法的运用提供依据,对作物模型研究和应用具有重要意义。     

生态农业及其模式研究

中国生态农业在西方提出“生态农业”的概念以后发展较快。对生态农业及其模式的研究与国外相比较为深刻和丰富,但生态农业科研远远跟不上实践发展的需要,理论研究还不够深入。加强对生态农业理论及其模式的研究将对促进中国农业的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。     

Study on Anchorage and Failure Mechanism of Mortar Bolt

Anchorage system can transfer or enhance intensity and steady ability of the geotechnical project. Based on the simplification of a project, the process of anchorage and failure of bolt is simulated in laboratory. The analytical expressions of stressed bolt in elastic rock under axial symmetry condition are deduced. The pilot study of the relativity of anchorage stress and acoustic parameter is discussed by ultrasonic transmission way in this paper.     

Experimental Study on the Characteristic of Seepage with Unloading Rock Mass

The destruction of rock mass arises from opening rock possibly, the main outside-factor of influence rock slope stability is groundwater and water seepage. To analyze the relationship of unloading and permeability coefficient, the method and step of experiment of unloading rock mass are put forward. The curve relationship of the seepage-unloading of different phase is found by experiment. According to the experimental result, the equation of the seepage-stress of unloading is established, the variational rule of the unloading and permeability coefficient is discussed. The permeability coefficient is almost unchanged in the elasticity phase of unloading process. The permeability coefficient changes very much in the plastic phase of unloading process, as the unloading is 80% of ultimate unloading especially, and the permeability coefficient is increasing very much.     

Experimental Study on the Nutrition Restrictive Factors of the Changjiang and Jialing Rivers Interjunction

The authors study on condition and mechanism of eutrophication in Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA) in Chongqing,aiming at the importance and complexity of nutrition restrictive factor and eutrophication.By AGP experiment,the nutrition restrictive factors of the Changjiang and Jialing Rivers interjunction is confirmed is confirmed.The experimental results show that: Single nitrogen is not an obvious stimulus to growth of algae,while phosphorus acts as the limiting factor of that;When TN/TP is high,the standing crop of algae is small;when TN/TP is low,the standing crop of algae is large;The concentrate of phosphorus in the water is higher,the effect accelerating algae and increaseing through adding phosphorus is more strong.The experimental results provide us with important parameters to understand the conditions of eutrophication and analyse its mechanism.     

An Analysis on Model of Board Structure and Its Efficiency

The firm governing is a structure with a board as its core, and its goal is to guard the interests and rights of the shareholders and related people thru supervising the management under the condition of firm's ownership and management separation. So, it is very important to know what the board structure is and whether it can work properly. Thru constructing board model and conducting theoretical and empirical analysis, in this paper, a best model of the board including the shareholders, managers and outsiders is proposed. In order to improve the efficiency of the board, attention should be paid to the following: composition of the board, separation of board director and general manager and the incentive scheme to outside board members.     

Cold Model Experimental Study Using Reburning Tecnology to Reduce the emissions of NOx

A cold model (its ratio is 1:12.5) of a 50 MW tangentially pulverized coal-fired boiler was built and the mixture characteristic between a simulating gas (hot air) and a main airflow (cold air) were gotten at different ejecting methods and quantities of the simulating gas through measuring the temperature pattern distributing in the furnace of the model. The simulating gas spouted from front and rear walls resulted a more even mixture characteristic, and the tangentially ejected simulating gas is more suitable for the tangentially pulverized coal-fired boiler, and the tangentially ejected OFA is also of advantage to it. The effect of quantities and locations of the simulating gas on the mixture characteristic was also discussed.     

预应力CFRP布及预紧螺栓加固RC梁试验研究

为提高碳纤维布加固RC结构的效果及其可靠性,提出了预应力碳纤维布与预紧螺栓联合加固技术。结合在役RC梁的损伤特点及目前的RC梁加固方法,分别采用不同的碳纤维布加固技术对完整梁和破坏梁的抗弯性能进行了对比试验研究。针对目前碳纤维布张拉设备的缺陷,研发了便于现场应用的新型碳纤维布布张拉设备,分析了预应力大小对加固效果的影响。结果表明,预应力碳纤维布及预紧螺栓联合加固技术是一种更可靠的桥梁加固方法,不仅能够提高RC梁正截面的抗弯承载能力及正常使用阶段的截面刚度,而且螺栓预紧锚固碳纤维布能够很好地抑制其在混凝土表面的剥离,提高碳纤维布与混凝土表面之间粘结强度,对碳纤维布施加预应力能够充分发挥其高强性能,有效抑制混凝土裂缝开裂和开展。     

东北地区大型日光温室最高、最低温度预报模式探讨

为了在东北地区开展大型日光温室内气温预报,防御温室蔬菜冷冻害和热害,在东北地区的中部建立大型日温室和温室小气候自动观测系统,应用小气候监测资料研究棚内外最高、最低气温的关系,建立相关模式,用棚外的最高、最低温度预报值预报棚内的最低（最高）温度。结果表明,大型日光温室内、外最低（最高）气温相关显著,不同季节、不同天气条件下的相关模式差异较大。这类相关模式可以用于日光温室内最低和最高气温的预报,从而提升温室气象要素预报水平,预防设施农业气象灾害,提高蔬菜生产效益。     

基于遥感蒸散发模型的山西省干旱监测研究

为了探讨以蒸散发为基础的干旱监测模型在山西省干旱业务监测中的应用效果,便于为抗灾减灾提供数据支持,利用风云三号、风云二号气象卫星数据,结合自动站气象数据,基于SEBS模型对山西省进行干旱监测研究。结果表明：监测结果总的分布与实测结果基本吻合,但在干旱的面积和程度上均略高于实测结果,同时CWSI能实时体现降雨量对土壤墒情的影响,对山西省干旱业务监测具有一定的现实意义。