适宜于省力化栽培的桑树品种比较试验

采用全年条桑收获法和全年两回施肥法 ,对 8个供试桑树品种 (组合 )进行比较试验 ,结果粤桑 1号、粤桑 10号、桂杂优 12号和 6 9×伦 10 9的产量比对照种塘 10×伦 10 9增加 5 6 7%～ 12 0 3 %。证明这 4个品种 (组合 )适于桑树省力化栽培与收获     

桑园省力化管理对桑叶产量及工效的影响

调查省力化的桑园管理方法对供试的8个参试品种产量的影响及其劳动工效。结果采用省力化收获法—全年条桑收获法和省力化施肥法—全年两回施肥法有粤桑1号、粤桑10号产量比全年叶桑收获法提高2.9％和7.1％,有69×伦 109、60×851两种收获法产量相仿,塘10×伦109、桑抗7号、抗青10号则全年条桑收获法的产量比全年叶桑收获法的低,在三种收获法中以上三造采叶下三选收条桑产量最低;工效方面,全年条桑收获法比全年叶桑收获法节省用工83.5％,比上三造采叶下三造收条桑节省用工63.4％,全年两回施肥法比造桑造肥法节省用工32.9％。     

桑树三倍体杂交组合粤桑2号的育成

采用人工诱导和杂交育种的方法 ,育成优质高产桑树三倍体杂交组合粤桑 2号 ,已通过全国农作物品种审定。该杂交组合的桑叶产量比对照组合塘 10×伦 10 9增加 11 1%,万蚕收茧量增加 6 4 %,万蚕茧层量增加7 8%,5 0kg桑产茧量增加 7 6 %,6 6 7m2 桑园产值增加 2 5 4 %。     

广东桑花叶病农业防治试验研究

1.桑园定点调查抗青10号、伦40号、试11号桑品种,以及不定期不定点调查沙二×109号桑品种桑花叶病年中消长规律发现,伦40号桑属高抗品种,全年都不发病,抗青10号桑具一定的抗性,而沙二×109号、试11号均属高感品种,在病害发生高峰期的4—5月份,枝发病率均达80％以上;2.收获形式分别为春刈桑、冬根刈春打顶桑,全年留枝杆长40cm或60cm的桑树,当年桑花叶病发病轻,高峰期持续期间短;而收获形式分别为全年留枝杆桑,夏刈桑和冬根刈桑的桑树,当年桑花叶病发病重,高峰期持续期间长;3.桑树采用春刈,冬根刈春打顶,全年留枝杆长40cm和全年留杆长60cm的收获形式,可以避过当年桑花叶病的发生高峰期。     

桂桑6号等14个桑树品种桑叶产量及粗蛋白质含量的分析

为了选育粗蛋白质含量高、产叶量高的畜牧饲料专用桑树品种,对桂桑6号、桑特优1号、桑特优2号、桂桑5号、伦教40号、桂桑优12、桂桑优62、桂7625、粤桑11号、粤桑51号、农桑14号、强桑1号、强桑2号、沙2×伦109等14个桑树品种的产叶量、干物率及粗蛋白质含量进行了测定。结果显示:14个桑树品种每667 m~2桑园全年产叶量最高的品种是桂桑6号,产量达4 030.34 kg,比对照桑树品种沙2×伦109高43.47%;枝条的干物率最高的品种是伦教40号,为29.21%,枝条上所有叶位的叶片混合干物率最高的品种是粤桑51号,为29.25%;成熟叶片(10～12叶位)粗蛋白质含量最高的品种是桂桑5号,为12.62%,5个月龄的桑枝中粗蛋白质含量最高的品种是农桑14号,为5.30%,所有叶位混合桑叶的粗蛋白质含量最高的品种是桂桑6号,为14.43%,整条枝条上枝叶混合粗蛋白质含量最高的品种是农桑14号,为9.48%。因此,桂桑6号可以作为叶用桑园及畜牧饲料用桑园的首选品种。     

高产桑树多倍体杂交组合选育初报

选择结实性好、发芽率高、耐剪伐的优良二倍体和人工诱导实生苗获得的四倍体资源为亲本,采用2x×4x、4x×2x和4x×4x三种杂交型式,组配了一批多倍体杂交组合,采用全年条桑收获法进行产量调查,结果三年小区平均产量比对照种塘10×伦109增10％以上的有69×粤诱162等5个组合。     

桑树省力化全年条桑收获法的研究

全年条桑收获留干 0 4～ 0 .6m ,一留多年 ,且全年收获条桑。经过小区近 10年的试验及几年的农村示范表明 ,该收获法的收获工效比收获叶片提高 2倍以上 ,小区 9年平均产量比传统的冬根刈收获法增长 9 7个百分点 ,条桑饲养大蚕成绩明显比片叶饲养好。留干几年后根刈 ,桑树的再生长不受影响     

蚕桑学科简介

<正>代表性成果在桑树种质资源收集和创新利用方面,率先开展了桑树杂交育种技术研究,选育出杂交桑新品种"塘10x伦109";创建了桑树多倍体诱导与多倍体杂交育种技术,选育出多倍体杂交桑树新品种"粤桑2号"、"粤桑10号"和"粤桑11号";开展了果桑品种和加工专用型品种选育技     

桑树多倍体杂交组合粤桑11号的育成

采用多倍体诱导技术与杂交育种技术相结合的方法,育成桑树多倍体杂交组合粤桑11号。该杂交组合群体整齐,生长势旺,叶大肉厚,产量高,叶质优,耐剪伐,种子产量高且发芽性能好。在同等栽培条件下,粤桑11号的单位面积桑叶产量平均比对照种沙2×伦109提高22．5%,春秋季平均万蚕产茧量提高7．3%,万蚕茧层量提高6．6%,100kg桑产茧量提高8．4%,100kg桑茧层量提高6．2%。     

人工三倍体桑树新品种湘桑6号的育成

以鲁桑系二倍体湘7920为母本,以化学诱导广东桑组合塘10×伦109获得的四倍体诱59为父本,采用杂交育种的方法育成了人工三倍体桑树新品种湘桑6号(2n=3x=42)。该品种具有丰产优质的特点:桑叶产量比对照湖桑32号提高30.8%;养蚕试验万蚕茧层量提高6.2%,100 kg桑叶产茧量提高6.5%,单蛾良卵数提高7.8%;桑叶干物粗蛋白的含量提高2.35%。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.