Skin resistance levels and galvanic skin response: unilateral differences

On five subjects, skin resistance levels and galvanic skin response were recorded unilaterally and simultaneously from each side of the body for between 24 and 36 days. Reliable differences in skin resistance were found in three subjects and in galvanic skin response in two subjects. The magnitude of the skin resistance difference was significantly reduced in four subjects during stimulation.     

Physiological effects of transcendental meditation

Oxygen consumption, heart rate, skin resistance, and electroenceph-alograph measurements were recorded before, during, and after subjects practiced a technique called transcendental meditation. There were significant changes between the control period and the meditation period in all measurements. During meditation, oxygen consumption and heart rate decreased, skin resistance increased, and the electroencephalogram showed specific changes in certain frequencies. These results seem to distinguish the state produced by transcendental meditation from commonly encountered states of consciousness and suggest that it may have practical applications.     

BRADYKININ: VASCULAR RELAXANT, CARDIAC STIMULANT

Bradykinin infusion causes an increase in cardiac output in rats whether the autonomic nervous system is blocked or not. After autonomic blockade, bradykinin causes a lesser decrease in the total peripheral resistance but a greater increase in cardiac output, resulting in an elevation of arterial pressure. The increase in cardiac output is caused by a small increase in heart rate and a substantial increase in stroke volume. The fact that these increases are observed after autonomic blockade suggests that bradykinin increases cardiac output by direct stimulation of the heart.     

甘蔗尾茎泊松比的试验分析

【目的】为甘蔗断尾机构的设计及数学模型的建立进行动力学仿真提供理论依据。【方法】利用精密型微控电子万能试验机和静态电阻应变仪对甘蔗尾茎生长点以下第5、6节甘蔗皮、芯、节部位进行拉伸试验,并用电测法与力学分析得出各组分的泊松比参数。【结果】甘蔗尾茎生长点以下第5节甘蔗皮同性面泊松比小于0.028,异性面泊松比为0.233;第5节甘蔗芯同性面泊松比小于0.174,异性面泊松比为0.271;甘蔗尾茎生长点以下第6节甘蔗皮同性面泊松比小于0.001,异性面泊松比为0.238;第6节甘蔗芯同性面泊松比小于0.223,异性面泊松比为0.289;甘蔗节同性面泊松比小于0.305,异性面泊松比为0.344。【结论】甘蔗尾茎内部不同部位的同性面泊松比存在显著差异,异性面泊松比差异不大;甘蔗尾茎生长点以下第5、6节皮、芯同性面泊松比有显著差异,异性面泊松比差异不显著。     

油锯动静态特性对操作者手臂肌肉疲劳的综合效应(Ⅳ)──振动对手皮肤温和皮肤电阻的影响

该文通过实验研究分析了振动对手指和手背皮肤温以及手皮肤电阻的影响．结果表明,手指皮肤温随着振动频率的增加而下降,在正常操作握力和２７℃环境气温条件下,握持１０ｍｉｎ后,中指指尖温度平均下降约２．５℃．手背皮肤温随振动暴露时间的变化不明显,但是振动频率和加速度对手背皮肤温的影响非常显著．无振动的静态情况下,手背皮肤温比有振动时低,８０Ｈｚ时手背皮肤温最高,并且加速度越大皮肤温越高．手指皮肤电阻在握持过程中都呈上升趋势,无振动静态握持时的皮肤电阻值比有振动时的大,２７Ｈｚ时的皮肤电阻值相对较小．总体来看,当频率大于８０Ｈｚ时,加速度较大时皮肤电阻变小．     

Anabolic steroid: effects on strength development

Twelve matched pairs of subjects, fed a high protein diet, were trained with weights for 6 weeks. In the final 3 weeks twelve subjects received 5 milligrams of methandrostenolone (Dianabol) twice daily. Maximum weight lifting, thickness of skin folds, oxygen uptake, blood chemistry profile, and concentration of blood lipids were determined. Also used were cable tensiometry and anthropometric measurements. The strength of treated subjects increased significantly; their mean weight gain was 2.48 kilograms with no significant change in skin fold thickness. Several anthropometric measurements increased significantly, as did oxygen uptake ability and nitrogen retention by the blood.     

Kinetics of acetylcholine synthesis and hydrolysis in myasthenia gravis

Kinetic studies for choline-O-acetyltransferase (CAT) (E.C. 2.3.1.6) and acetylcholinesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.7) were performed on serum, skin fibroblasts in culture, and biopsied sartorius muscle from normal and myasthenic subjects. There was a significant decrease of CAT activity per milligram of protein in myasthenic muscle compared to normal muscle, and there was no difference in acetylcholinesterase activity per milligram of protein in the same muscle homogenates. Substrate concentration curves for acetyl coenzyme A and CAT also showed a significant reduction in the maximum rate of product formation (V(max)) per milligram of protein between myasthenic and normal muscle. It is postulated that binding of substrate to CAT is being inhibited by an inhibitor present in muscle.     

Enhanced dexamethasone resistance in cystic fibrosis cells: potential use for heterozygote detection and prenatal diagnosis

Cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are more resistant to dexamethasone toxicity than are normal cells. We now report that, when fibroblasts cultured from obligate CF heterozygotes are exposed to dexamethasone, they have an intermediate survival compared to normal and homozygous CF cells. When dexamethasone survival was tested on cells from four patients undergoing amniocentesis, cells from a woman at risk of producing a child with CF showed significant dexamethasone resistance, similar to that of fibroblasts derived from lnown CF homozygotes; the other amniotic cell specimens showed dexamethasone sensitivity similar to that of normal skin fibroblasts. These data suggest that the dexamethasone resistance previously observed in skin fibroblasts may also be useful in the prenatal diagnosis of CF.     

中国美利奴羊（新疆军垦型）核因子I/B基因的克隆及表达

【目的】研究绵羊核因子I/B （nuclear factor I/B,NFIB）基因的组织表达规律,并克隆中国美利奴羊（新疆军垦型）NFIB基因的全长编码区（coding sequence,CDS区）序列。【方法】采用半定量RT-PCR的方法分析NFIB基因的组织表达谱和皮肤表达特性,利用RT-PCR扩增绵羊NFIB基因的全长CDS区、克隆测序,并进行序列分析。【结果】①NFIB基因在绵羊多种内脏器官和皮肤组织中都有着不同程度的表达,且在皮肤组织中表达较高;NFIB基因在超细毛品系体表不同部位皮肤组织中的表达水平不存在显著性差异（P＞0.05）;同时在6个不同品系/品种绵羊体侧部皮肤组织中的表达水平也不存在显著性差异（P＞0.05）;超细毛品系绵羊皮肤组织NFIB基因的表达水平在不同季节存在显著性差异（P＜0.05）;②绵羊NFIB基因编码区至少存在3种剪接形式,其开放阅读框（open reading frame,ORF）的长度依次为1 263、1 128 和1 038 bp,分别编码420、375和345个氨基酸。【结论】中国美利奴羊（新疆军垦型）NFIB基因在皮肤组织中的表达量较高,其在超细毛品系羊体侧部皮肤组织中的表达量具有显著的季节性差异;绵羊NFIB基因至少可以编码3种不同的蛋白剪接体（protein isoform）。     

Chronologic and physiologic age affect replicative life-span of fibroblasts from diabetic, prediabetic, and normal donors

Cultured skin fibroblasts from subjects with clinically apparent diabetes mellitus and from subjects genetically predisposed to diabetes have a replicative lifespan that is inversely related to donor age. Fibroblasts from carefully defined normal subjects not predisposed to diabetes fail to show this correlation. The data support the idea that physiologic status of the tissue donor is a more precise determinant of fibroblast replicative lifespan than chronologic age.     

半胱胺对皮长大三元杂交猪生产性能的影响

[目的]研究半胱胺作为试验添加剂,对皮长大三元杂交商品猪生长性能的影响。[方法]将皮长大三元杂交猪80头随机分为对照组和试验组,每组40头,且公母各半,探讨在饲料里加半胱胺对猪生产性能的影响。[结果]结果表明,试验组与对照组相比,皮长大三元杂交育肥猪平均日增重提高了6.46%,差异极显著(P<0.01);料肉比降低了4.05%,但差异不显著(P>0.05);经济效益提高了85.64%,差异极显著(P<0.01)。[结论]半胱胺能提高猪的饲料报酬和增重速度,推荐剂量为250 mg/kg。     

河北省设施厚皮甜瓜品种比较试验

河北省厚皮甜瓜表现品质差、产量低、经济效益低,农民迫切需要优质、早熟、丰产的优良品种。河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所引进国内厚皮甜瓜品种21个,于2012~2015年连续4 a在石家庄进行厚皮甜瓜品种比较试验,以当地主栽品种瑞红为对照,从产量、品质、抗性等方面对参试品种进行综合分析,以筛选出适合河北省设施栽培的厚皮甜瓜品种。结果表明：西州密25号、IVF117、丰雷、明月、风味5号生长势强、品质好、抗逆性强,综合性状表现突出,西州密17号、绿玫、风味4号、新雪里红、网络时代2号综合性状表现较突出,这些品种均适宜在河北省早春设施中推广试种。     

仿鲨鱼皮表面微结构材料制备的研究

以具有极佳减阻能力的鲨鱼皮为模板,采用模板技术对鲨鱼皮表面微观拓扑结构进行大面积的仿生复制。通过扫描电子显微镜对鲨鱼皮以及其复制品的表面形貌进行表征,结果表明,复制的鲨鱼皮具有和模板结构一致的表面微观拓扑结构。该复制方法具有工艺简便、成本低廉、适合大面积复制等优点。     

云南红皮果蔗在贵州蔗区的试种表现

[目的]研究云南红皮果蔗在贵州蔗区的试种表现。[方法]2007年底,云南果蔗当家品种云南红皮果蔗被引入贵州,植于望谟县岜赖村。2008～2009年进行试种观察。[结果]云南红皮果蔗出苗率为45.9%,分蘖率为105.1%,株高为282 cm,茎径为3.2 cm,糖分锤度为19.1%,有效茎为75 037.5条/hm2,产量为143 769.75 kg/hm2;茎皮紫红,商品性好;蔗汁多,清甜蜜香,口感好,品质优良;宿根性好,适应性广,较抗旱抗寒,较抗病虫害;中早熟,糖分积累早,上市早,丰产稳产,效益好。[结论]云南红皮果蔗适宜贵州蔗区栽培,可以大力推广应用,促进贵州果蔗产业发展和农民增收。     

肉用多胎洼地绵羊的饲养管理技术

山东省地方良种肉用多胎洼地绵羊具有繁殖力高、肉质好、抗腐蹄、耐潮湿、肉皮兼用等特点,具有很高的经济价值和市场前景。本文介绍了肉用多胎洼地绵羊饲养管理技术,及疫病防治方法,为提高其饲养效益提供参考。     

内皮素受体在不同毛色绵羊皮肤中的表达和定位分析

 【目的】研究内皮素受体A和B(endothelin receptor A and B, EDNR A and B)在绵羊皮肤中的表达与定位,以及在不同毛色中的差异比较,探讨其在绵羊毛色形成中的作用及其相关机制。【方法】以不同毛色的成年绵羊为研究对象(设黑色毛和白色毛两组),用RT-PCR法检测EDNR基因在不同毛色皮肤中的表达,并使用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析不同毛色绵羊皮肤EDNR基因的相对表达量,采用免疫组织化学法和Western blot法对EDNR在绵羊皮肤中的表达进行定位和定量分析。【结果】荧光定量PCR结果显示黑色绵羊中EDNRA的相对表达量是白色绵羊的1.2648倍,EDNRB的则是1.8248倍;Western blot结果显示,皮肤组织粗蛋白提取物中含有EDNR蛋白,且受体A在黑白两组皮肤中表达不显著(P＞0.05),受体B在黑色组的表达显著高于白毛组(P＜0.05);免疫组化实验结果显示,EDNR蛋白在两组皮肤的表皮和毛囊中均有表达,通过光密度分析,受体A在黑毛皮肤各处细胞中的表达显著高于白毛皮肤,受体B则在除毛根鞘之外的其它两处细胞中表达显著高于白毛皮肤(P＜0.05)。【结论】实验结果提示,EDNR参与绵羊皮肤黑素细胞的生成,且两受体作用效应存在差异。     

Differential classical conditioning: verbalization of stimulus contingencies

The verbal activity of feumtale subjects undergoing differential classical conditioning was investigated through their verbal reports between conditioning trials and interviews with them after conditioning Condlitional differentiation, in galvanic skin responses occurred only in the group of subjects who accurately verbalized the stimulus contingencies.     

植物抗病性研究现状与前景展望

植物抗病性是当前植物病理学中研究的热点和难点之一 ,也是植物 -病原物互作及植物免疫学研究的一个重要方面。植物抗病基因的克隆与鉴定促进了植物抗病性分子机制的研究。本文就近几年来对植物抗病性的鉴定方法、植物结构抗性、生理生化抗性及分子抗性三种水平的抗病机制与抗病基因工程等方面的研究进展作一简要概述。     

山羊板皮辐射灭菌

 报道了山羊板皮辐射灭菌工艺的技术指标。研究结果表明：炭疽杆菌芽孢的辐照致死剂量为8KGY。根据不同菌种、株的辐射抗力测定结果，提出了在灭菌工艺中应用无毒指标菌的不同监测标准：短小杆菌“E601”的阴性培养率达到85%即可；蜡状杆菌“4001”则要求达95%；而枯草杆菌黑色变种“8017”则要求不得检出。研究表明，辐照30KGY剂量的山羊板皮对品质无影响。试验还对山羊板皮出口标准包对剂量减弱情况进行了测量，提供了灭菌工艺中的剂量控制参数。     

几个仁用杏品种抗寒性比较研究

通过测定不同器官抗寒性,几个仁用杏品种抗寒性存在明显差异。不同器官均以白玉扁抗寒能力最强,龙王帽和一窝蜂之间差异较小。各品种不同器官抗寒性均表现为枝条>花芽,花蕾>花瓣。植物抗寒性与体内SOD酶活性密切相关,在低温胁迫下,抗寒性强的品种,其SOD酶活性明显高于抗寒性弱的品种。各品种抗寒能力强弱随时间而变化,花期对低温较敏感,抗寒性下降,品种间差异减少。